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THE COMPLEXITY OF THE ITALIAN HEALTHCARE SYSTEM AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH CITIZENS AND INSTITUTIONS: WHAT BALANCE IS POSSIBLE? Received: 22nd October 2024 Revised: 28th November 2024, 16th December 2024 Accepted: 6th November 2024
No full textThis paper is based on the project work developed by the authors for the executive master's in strategic management and leadership of health organizations, which was attended at the University of Pavia in 2021-2022.The relationship between regulatory and organizational complexity in the healthcare context and the relationship with the patient/citizen is deemed to require i) the implementation of new leadership styles, ii) the dissemination of non-technical skills, iii) the implementation, structured and specific, of participatory processes so that public action is implemented in a tailor-made way for the need of the community for which it was thought, iv) a new mode of communication between stakeholders and institutions so that the ethics of the relationship and communication, transparency, and accountability become the pivot of a new mode of interaction. The project work started by describing the difficulty of managing and interpreting a health context's regulatory and organizational complexity (particularly for hospitals). It then traced a possible mode of interaction between stakeholders and institutions. This article condenses the conclusion of our project work. The content of this article expresses only the views of the authors. None of the opinions can be linked to the organizations the authors work for
DEVELOPMENT OF TOOLS AND SAMPLE GROUPS FOR SURVEYS: A CASE STUDY OF PUBLIC MEDIA IN THAILAND IN EVALUATING ACCESS AND THE ROLE OF PUBLIC MEDIA
Full text linkThis survey research outlines the development of tools, the determination of sample groups for data collection in surveys, the monitoring of media access, and the public’s opinion regarding the role of public media. The tools used in the survey include the following: (1) A survey form for evaluating media access and the role of public media; and (2) Interview guidelines for specific groups. All tools were quality-checked, tested, and refined over three rounds to ensure they were suitable for tracking surveys and monitoring.The sample group for the survey in this research consists of a total of 8,695 people age 15 or over, residing in five regions of Thailand: Bangkok and vicinity, Central Region, Northern Region, Northeastern Region, and Southern Region. The sample includes members of the general population who consume public media, as well as specific groups such as the Voiceless group, Civic Citizen group, and Opinion Leader group.The process of developing the tools and defining sample groups underwent rigorous academic procedures, including three rounds of pre-tests and real-world testing over the course of one year. Results from these tests were reviewed, compared, and adjusted to create a reliable tool for evaluating media access and the role of public media in the third round. After developing the tools and defining the sample groups for the survey, and after real-world testing, a summary and proposal for a tracking survey framework for Thai public media are also presented
THE COMPETENCE OF THE EUROPEAN UNION INSTITUTIONS IN THE FIELD OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
Full text linkThe emergence of competence in the field of environmental protection was a catalyst for the comprehensive agenda in this matter that the EU has developed since then. The interpretation of this competence by the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU), as well as the jurisprudential development of the principles regarding environmental protection, were essential in the development of the Union's environmental acquis. Other environmental policy implementation tools such as programmes, Commission communications, strategies and white papers also play an important role even if they are recommendations.The core of EU environmental law is strongly influenced by the principles listed in Article 191(2) TFEU, which states that Union policy shall be based on the precautionary principle and on the principles that preventive action should be taken, that environmental damage should as a priority be rectified at source and that the polluter should pay. Each of these principles is detailed separately. In short, the precautionary principle aims to minimise damage caused by unknown environmental risks. The preventive action principle aims to minimise damage caused by known environmental risks, the source principle seeks to prevent further damage by addressing the source of the environmental problem, and the polluter pays principle aims to ensure that the damage falls on those involved in a polluting activity
LEADERSHIP, PLANNING, AND CULTURAL VALUES: THEIR IMPACT ON ICT ADOPTION IN ARAB SECTOR HIGH SCHOOLS
Full text linkThe Arab society in Israel faces unique challenges stemming from complex socioeconomic realities, educational disparities, and cultural and traditional barriers. These challenges are particularly pronounced among disadvantaged populations, including high schools in the Arab sector in northern Israel and the Bedouin sector in the south. This study examines the impact of management patterns on the implementation of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in these contexts, focusing on the interplay between school leadership, teachers, and parents as key drivers of change. The study adopts an integrative approach, involving surveys conducted with 373 high school teachers and 44 semi-structured in-depth interviews—22 with teachers and 22 with parents of students in grades 10–12. Findings highlight the critical role of structured planning, effective communication, monitoring, evaluation, and supervision in the ICT implementation process. Cultural adaptations and strengthened collaboration between parents and teachers emerged as essential factors for success. Furthermore, the study reveals significant gaps in digital literacy among teachers, parents, and students, alongside challenges related to limited access to digital tools and resources. Community-based programs were found to be instrumental in fostering collaboration within the school environment and mitigating cultural and traditional barriers. The study recommends implementing culturally tailored systemic strategies that integrate community collaboration, technological training, and institutional support to enhance ICT integration and reduce educational inequities
INVESTIGATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF VARIOUS MODES WITHIN FLIPPED CLASSROOM INSTRUCTIONS IN MATHEMATICS IN HIGHER EDUCATION
Full text linkThis study investigated the effectiveness of various modes within flipped classroom instructions on students' academic performance in mathematics courses in higher education. The study explored various factors when implementing the flipped classroom model, including delivery modes, revision sessions, proportions of problem-solving and discussion classes, types of discussions, course levels, target student groups, and core versus elective courses. A quasi-experimental design was employed to compare exam results and final letter grades of students in mathematics courses taught by the same instructor using different flipped classroom modes. The sample consisted of 1107 students across seven selected courses from 2020 to 2023. The sample provided a comprehensive analysis of student outcomes in diverse contexts. The findings highlighted the positive impact of dual-mode classes and the importance of balancing revision sessions. Additionally, a balanced mix of problem-solving and discussion activities, student-initiated discussions, and tailored instruction for different course levels and target student groups were found to enhance student performance. The study provides valuable insights for educators and curriculum designers on the implementation of the flipped classroom instructions in mathematics higher education. The findings support that educators can optimize the effectiveness of the flipped classroom instruction and enhance student performance in mathematics education in certain ways. Those include incorporating dual-mode classes, minimizing reliance on revision sessions, striking a balance between problem-solving and discussion activities, promoting student-initiated discussions, tailoring instruction to different course levels and target student groups, and offering elective options. These findings contribute to the ongoing exploration of innovative teaching methodologies, ultimately improving educational practices and fostering student success in mathematics in higher education
FACTORS RELATED TO DECISION-MAKING WITHIN INTERPROFESSIONAL TEAMS: A SCOPING REVIEW EXTENDED TO AN ONLINE ENVIRONMENT
Full text linkThis scoping review provides a comprehensive synthesis of the various factors associated with interprofessional team decision-making. This review is unique in that it includes a broad number of factors relevant to a variety of health settings and professionals involved in team decision-making. Arksey and O’Malley’s methodological framework was used to explore empirical studies following the established protocol. First, clearly developed and inclusive search criteria were specified to find studies on interprofessional team decision-making. This review located 34136 abstracts; a total of 218 met the inclusion criteria. Second, the variety of factors were classified broadly as occurring at the individual, interpersonal, and organizational levels. These factors were further grouped as individual: attitudes, gender, expertise, personality characteristics, and professional identity; interpersonal: communication, coordination, hierarchy, leadership, role definition, shared understanding, team characteristics; and organizational: evaluation and feedback, organizational structure/culture, procedures, and resources. Our next study draws on these findings to determine how decision-making occurs in an online case consultation environment. Specifically, our goal is to examine the role of expertise and hierarchy, found in our scoping review to affect decision-making. Social work and school psychology students (low expertise) will be invited to participate in online case consultations. Upon hearing an incorrect diagnosis given by students in other professional programs, including medicine (higher status hierarchy), we will observe whether they change their correct diagnosis to the same incorrect one that was stated by another team member. Clinical case consultations are a typical training activity (i.e., occur weekly) and a typical professional activity within all professional fields. Thus, it is important to determine how individual and interpersonal factors might affect clinical decision-making
EXAMINING THE ENDOGENEITY OF ESG PRACTICE AND FIRM PERFORMANCE OF SPORT-RELATED ENTERPRISES: THE MODERATING EFFECT OF R&D INTENSITY
Full text linkThe number of sports-related enterprises has increased; however, there is little research on the factors influencing the performance of these enterprises and the sustainability of their companies. Enterprises have expanded their focus from pursuing financial returns to embracing social responsibility and sustainable development, marking a transition from corporate social responsibility to Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG). Hence, the objectives of this paper are (1) establishing an efficiency index incorporating multiple inputs/outputs for sports-related companies; (2) examining the relationship between ESG practice score and firm performance (FP) including financial performance and corporate efficiency; (3) examining the moderating effect of research and development (R&D) intensity in sports-related companies on ESG and FP. First, this study used the Slacks-based Measure-Data Envelopment Analysis (SBM-DEA) to evaluate the long-term FP in the sports certification and sports manufacturing industries. This study further examines the endogenous and nonlinear relationship between FP and ESG using the second stage least square (2SLS), aiming to measure the turning point score where a U-shaped relationship is present. Meanwhile, this research examines the moderating effect of R&D intensity on ESG and the individual E, S, G scores and FP. The study confirms the presence of endogeneity between ESG scores and FP through the use of 2SLS. The findings show that ESG scores exhibit an inverted U-shaped relationship with ROA, ROE, and efficiency. Specifically, E scores have an inverted U-shaped relationship with ROA, ROE, and efficiency. G scores show an inverted U-shaped relationship with ROA and ROE. Additionally, R&D intensity positively moderates the relationship between ESG scores and ROE. Future research could expand on these findings by utilizing ESG and financial data from other countries to provide a global perspective
SAUDI WOMEN AS AGENT OF CULTURAL SUSTAINABLE TRANSFORMATION THROUGH SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT APPROACH: A QUALITATIVE STUDY
Full text linkThis research aims to identify the role of Saudi women in cultural sustainability as an aspect that generates and facilitates transformation towards sustainable development. The research is carried out in order to identify some directives which can reinforce the women’s position in the Saudi context according to the needs of vision 2030. It will examine how women can be considered as an agent of cultural sustainability to generate and facilitate transformation for a successful process for sustainable development. To reinforce this idea, this report will discuss the role of women on the social, economic and environmental transformation according to the requirement of a sustainable paradigm. As an explorative and descriptive approach, the research will adopt interviews to collect data. At all 25 interviews were conducted and a thematic analysis was operated by Atlas ti 8. The findings demonstrate that women are aware of the necessity to change and can contribute positively to the cultural transformation while preserving the present culture capital. The thematic analysis elaborated is used to dress a theorical model or a roadmap for a feminist cultural approach of sustainable development (economic, social and ecologic)
ANALYSİS OF TURKİSH WOMEN'S COOPERATİVES' USE OF NEW MEDİA
Full text linkThe women's cooperative movement in Turkey started in the early 2000s with the aim of preventing women's poverty, valuing women's labour and empowering women. Today, there are five different types of women's cooperatives operating across Turkey. This study analyses the social media use of five different types of women's cooperatives and examines their corporate identity based on the list of women's cooperatives (N = 442) on the website of Simurg Women's Cooperatives Union (SIMURG), one of the women's cooperative unions. Five women's cooperatives were randomly selected from each of the four categories (see Women Environmental, Cultural and Business Cooperative, Women Production and Enterprise Cooperative, Women Production and Marketing Cooperative, Development Production and Marketing Cooperative and Agricultural Development Cooperative) and n=2 cooperatives under the Education, Culture, Solidarity and Enterprise category and the analyses were conducted by examining a total of n=22 women's cooperatives. Case study technique, one of the qualitative research methods, was adopted in the study and document analysis method was used to collect data. The names of the cooperatives were entered into a search engine and their Instagram accounts and websites, if any, were subjected to descriptive analysis according to the criteria set (number of follower, number of posts, logo use, type of the website etc.). According to the findings of the study, it was found that a large number of searches were required to identify the corporate identity of women's cooperatives (areas of activity, where and when they were established, sales channels, etc.). It can be said that women's cooperatives are generally engaged in food production (tomato paste, noodles, jam, olives, etc.) and that the products are an extension of women's domestic work. On the other hand, it was found that women's co-operatives mostly use Instagram to promote their products, share their activities, and announce the events they participate in or organise. While all cooperatives have Instagram accounts, only 9 have websites, of which only 3 are corporate e-commerce websites. Finally, it was found that women's co-operatives do not use social media actively enough, the number of posts is low, and the images shared are unprofessional
THE IMPORTANCE OF NAMES: A FOLLOW UP
Full text linkThis study aims to investigate the significance of students knowing each other's names in fostering interpersonal communication, community, identity, and psychological safety within Japanese tertiary EFL classrooms, as well as its impact on academic and social success. Identity is both personal and social (Vignoles, 2017), and students can gain a strong sense of self when reflecting on it. Furthermore, the rapport established through the learning of names can lead to a sense of belonging (Cooper et. al, 2017). Over a two-and-a-half-year period, feedback was collected from participants in ten mandatory tertiary English courses at a Japanese university, including advanced Global Skills, advanced Reading and Writing, and intermediate Listening and Speaking classes. Drawing on U.S.-based research on identity and the use of "name tents" to enhance belonging, research focused on the effect of using mnemonics as a memory strategy for learning names in the author’s EFL classes. Establishing whether parallels from learning names existed, including any sense of belonging, was investigated. Peer to peer interaction rather than student-teacher interaction was also a main focus. Analysis revealed that a number of students felt that knowing their classmates' names contributed to a more positive learning environment, aligning with similar findings from international studies. The study underscores the importance of name recognition in creating a supportive classroom atmosphere, indicating potential benefits for student engagement and success. This research is in its preliminary stages, with plans for a more rigorous analysis of the collected feedback to further explore the implications of name recognition on student experiences and outcomes. Considering students generally have a positive outlook towards the activity in English, its use could be considered more widely in other classroom situations