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EFFECTS OF FOUR FOUNDATIONS OF MINDFULNESS-BASED INTERVENTION (FFMBI) ON MINDFULNESS LEVELS OF INTERNATIONAL PRACTITIONERS AND MENTAL WELL-BEING OF HUNGARIAN PRACTITIONERS
Full text linkThis cross-context synthesis combines results from two intensive Four Foundations of Mindfulness–based interventions (FFMBI) delivered in distinct higher-education settings: (1) residential retreats for international university students in Thailand (15-day, n=55; 30-day, n=15) and (2) a seven-day residential retreat for Hungarian adult learners in Mánfa, Hungary (n=25). In Thailand, participants completed the FFMQ-39 and DASS-21 before and after retreat. The 15-day cohort showed a small but significant gain in dispositional mindfulness (FFMQ-Total Δ=+4.20; d=0.28; p=.043); the 30-day cohort showed a larger, medium-sized increase (Δ=+10.20; d=0.46; p=.094, underpowered). Reductions in distress were modest, with trend-level decreases in stress for 15-day attendees. Critically, mindfulness gains correlated with reductions in stress, anxiety, and depression. Feasibility and acceptability were high (environment ratings M=3.91/5; 90% would re-attend), and descriptive patterns suggested a dose–response favouring longer retreats. In Hungary, a pre–post analysis employed STAI (State/Trait), FFMQ-15, Self-Compassion Scale (SCS), DASS-42, and WHO-5. Large and clinically meaningful improvements were observed in state anxiety (STAI-S Δ=−10.44; d=−0.94; p<.001), with medium-to-large gains in trait anxiety (STAI-T d=−0.65; p=.004), depression (d=−0.77; p<.001), stress (d=−0.64; p=.004), and well-being (WHO-5 +10.56 percentage points; d=0.67; p=.003). Self-compassion improved (SCS total d=0.50; p=.029), particularly Over-identification (d=0.51; p=.017). FFMQ-15 facet changes were mixed. Across 7-, 15-, and 30-day formats, FFMBI appears feasible and acceptable for both international and Hungarian cohorts, yielding consistent pre–post reductions in psychological distress and improvements in either mindfulness (longer formats) and self-compassion/well-being (shorter format). Combined evidence hints at a dose–response for trait mindfulness with longer intensives, while even a seven-day retreat delivers substantial relief in anxiety, depression, and stress. Limitations include single-group pre–post designs, self-report measures, attrition (international cohort), and unequal cell sizes. Nonetheless, converging quantitative and qualitative indicators support FFMBI as a scalable option for student mental-health support in culturally distinct settings, and they motivate controlled trials comparing retreat lengths and tracking maintenance of gains.
 
TEACHERS’ EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND LEARNER'S PERCEPTIONS OF THEIR TEACHERS’ VERBAL AND NON-VERBAL IMMEDIACY ACROSS TEACHER’S GENDER
Full text linkThis study investigated the relationship between teachers’ emotional intelligence (EI) and learners’ perceptions of their teachers’ verbal and non-verbal immediacy across gender in the Iranian EFL context. A descriptive-correlational design was used to collect the data from 210 students and 30 teachers who completed the Verbal Immediacy Measure (VIM), the Non-verbal Immediacy Measure (NVIM), and the Emotional Quotient Inventory (EQ-i). The results showed that there was no significant difference in the verbal and nonverbal immediate behavior of the Iranian EFL teachers across their gender. However, there was a significant difference between the male and female teachers’ EI level, and their EI could significantly predict female teachers’ immediacy. The findings suggest that teachers’ EI is an important factor for creating a positive and supportive learning environment for their students, and that gender may moderate the effects of EI on teacher immediacy. The implications for teacher education and professional development are discussed.
 
CO-BUILDING: THE EXCHANGE NETWORK OF BRICKS AND RELATED BUILDING TECHNOLOGY AROUND DUTCH FORMOSA (1624-1662)
Full text linkThe formation of buildings is not only based on design theories but also relies heavily on the extensive construction networks behind them, which is especially true and often more complex under the colonial system of the Dutch East India Company (VOC) in Asia. This study focuses on the sources and transportation of brick materials, as well as the dissemination of brickmaking and bricklaying techniques, during the construction of key fortifications in Dutch Formosa. By analyzing brick quantity records in VOC’s Taiwan-related documents, such as the De Dagregisters van het Kasteel Zeelandia (Diary of Castle Zeelandia), the research reconstructs the timeline of brick imports from the southeast China coastal area to Tayouan (now Anping, Tainan). It also infers the local brick production capacity in Saccam (now downtown Tainan) based on the scale of Fort and City Zeelandia. In addition, historical records reveal that bricks were exported from Tayouan to other settlements in Taiwan, as well as to Hirado, Japan. As VOC power and territorial control expanded in Taiwan, brickmaking techniques spread to places like Wankan and Tamsui, primarily under the control of Chinese immigrants who managed brick burning and masonry work. Meanwhile, fortifications construction during this period featured the use of Dutch cross-bond masonry, a technique still visible in the remains of Castle Zeelandia. This study situates these developments within the framework of “co-colonization,” highlighting the interconnected exchange networks that went beyond mere commodity trade and uncovering a fusion of building traditions between colonizers and the colonized
SPIRITUAL LEADERSHIP AND EMPLOYEE HELPING BEHAVIOUR: THE ROLES OF THRIVING AT WORK AND ETHICAL CLIMATE
Full text linkThe study examined the influence of leaders’ spiritual values on the willingness of employees to help each other to perform better on the job and the extent to which individual and organisational factors, such as thriving at work and ethical climate mediates and moderates the relationship, respectively. We employed quantitative approach to collect data from health workers and used the partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS -SEM) technique to test the hypotheses in the study. The study established that leaders’ use of spiritual values influence the helping behaviour of health workers. Also, health workers’ thriving at work mediates the relationship between spiritual leadership and their helping behaviours. However, the ethical climate in the workplace does not moderate the relationships between spiritual leadership and health workers’ helping behaviours. Organizations should provide trainings programs to nurture and build leaders’ spiritual values as well their ability to develop and meet health workers’ spiritual values. It is also imperative for organizations to improve health workers’ helping behavior through programs or activities on building their motivation and confidence to thrive at work. We offer a more nuanced understanding of employees’ helping behaviour by incorporating critical individual and organisational boundary conditions through which leaders could use spiritual values to further drive employees (health workers) to support each other in attaining organisational goals (quality health care)
FEASIBILITY STUDY THE LEVEL OF IMPORTANCE OF EMPLOYEE VALUE PROPOSITIONS (EVPS) AND FLEXIBLE WORK ARRANGEMENTS (FWAS) TOWARDS WORK-LIFE BALANCE (WLB) IN HONG KONG
Full text linkTo effectively utilize people nowadays, it is essential to understand EVPs and consider FWAs to achieve a WLB. Retaining employees is key to business success, especially as WLB has become a significant priority for young employees. Organizations are exploring attractive EVPs and FWAs as HR strategies to attract, engage, and retain talents to address this. However, there is limited research on the specific needs and preferences of HK employees regarding these workplace offerings. This study aims to assess the importance of employees in various EVPs and FWAs in achieving a good WLB in HK. A quantitative approach is employed, targeting 200 white-collar employees in HK. 217 questionnaires were collected, 4 (1.84%) were invalid, and 213 (98.1%) data were deemed valid for analysis using statistical techniques such as descriptive analysis, crosstab, correlation, and factor analysis. Findings indicated that "WLB", "Pay and Benefits", and "Harmony Relationships" were the most significant EVPs. The preferred flexible working pattern is the "Hybrid Model", but surprisingly the second most common arrangement is "Normal Work Hours". Notably, "long working hours" were identified as the primary cause of WLB Imbalance, followed by a "Lack of Workplace Flexibility" and "Company Culture".To improve WLB, respondents emphasized the need for "Flexible Work Hours" and the second most common benefits are "Work from Home Policy" and "Company Culture". Besides, most respondents indicated they would consider quitting their jobs if WLB was not supported. WLB is important because of "Private Time for Myself", and the second is "Family Commitments".For the FWAs, the data showed that most respondents do not consider FWAs such as varied schedules, remote work, or self-directed work, is likely in HK. Respondents also indicated that FWAs increase both productivity and motivation. The results provide insights for organizations to develop effective EVPs and FWAs that meet employee needs. This is essential for improving WLB and enhancing employee attraction, engagement, and retention. The findings also guide policymakers and HR professionals in HK to support work-life balance initiatives, fostering a more productive work environment for employees and employers
SOCIAL MEDIA, SOCIAL READERS: EXPLORING BOOKSTAGRAM’S IMPACT IN ROMANIA
Full text linkOnline communities have begun to change how literature is discovered, discussed, and consumed, especially among younger readers. An increasing number of users are using #bookstagram on Instagram to express their literary interests and interact with like-minded people in Romania, especially now when the digital interactions are transforming the consumption patterns. This research investigates the influence of the Romanian bookstagram community on reading behavior, exploring how digital interactions impact readers' preferences, motives, and book selection processes. In order to achieve this, a qualitative research methodology was used, gathering detailed, daily reflections from active Romanian bookstagram users over time through the diary technique. This method allowed us to capture the nuances of individual experiences, emotional engagement with content, and the role of social interaction in shaping reading behavior associated with the #bookstagram hashtag. The findings suggest that the Romanian bookstagram trend is important for encouraging reading as well as for fostering a welcoming and visually appealing environment where book-related content becomes a form of self-expression and social bonding. By providing insights into how new media platforms are redefining conventional forms of literary engagement, this research adds to the expanding body of literature on digital cultural practices
THE ROLE OF BEHAVIORAL NUDGES IN ENHANCING CEO DECISION-MAKING FOR INNOVATION
Full text linkThis study examines the intersection of CEO influence on innovation and the potential of behavioural nudging techniques. It aims to develop a theoretical framework that applies principles from Nudge Theory and Upper Echelons Theory to enhance decision-making processes at the executive level, thereby fostering organisational innovation. The proposed framework identifies key decision points in the innovation process, where nudges such as default options, social norms, and framing effects can be effectively deployed to mitigate cognitive biases and promote innovation-focused choices. The study also addresses potential challenges, including ethical considerations and context-specific limitations, providing a comprehensive perspective on the application of nudges at the C-suite level. The academic contribution lies in bridging behavioural economics and innovation management, offering an evidence-based approach to improving strategic decisions. From an economic perspective, the framework elucidates how optimized decision-making processes can enhance competitiveness and drive innovation outcomes. Finally, the paper discusses practical implications for organisations and delineates directions for future empirical research, including longitudinal studies and real-world applications, to validate the proposed framework
ENHANCING VIRTUAL TEAM COHESION: ADDRESSING SOCIAL IDENTITY CHALLENGES
Full text linkThis study investigates the potential of Schön's reflective practitioner approach to mitigate the negative attitudes and behaviors associated with team virtuality, specifically those stemming from a lack of shared group identity as explained by social identity theory. Virtual teams frequently struggle to develop cohesive group identities, which impedes team development and effective collaboration (Tajfel & Turner, 2004). Success in teams largely depends on strong interpersonal relationships (Bonebright, 2010). However, members frequently encounter difficulties in virtual settings from diminished social presence, feelings of loneliness and isolation, and fragile emotional bonds. (Zheng et al., 2024). Utilizing Schön's reflective practitioner model (2016), this research explores how structured self-reflection and reflective practices can enhance team members' awareness of group dynamics and improve perceptions of group identity. We hypothesize that reflective practices foster self-awareness and empathy, reducing the social distance often experienced in virtual teams. This study employs a mixed-methods approach to assess the impact of reflective practices on virtual team cohesion using longitudinal data over ten weeks from students in global virtual teams. Our findings underscore the significant potential of reflective practices in enhancing team virtuality outcomes, offering valuable insights for managing team identity in digital collaboration contexts
IMPLEMENTING PROJECT-BASED LEARNING IN PHYSICS LEARNING: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW AND BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS (SLRBA)
Full text linkProject-based Learning (PjBL) has been widely recognized as an effective approach to enhancing the quality of physics learning based on research. This study aims to review the literature on implementing the PjBL learning model in Physics learning. Systematic Literature Review and Bibliometric Analysis (SLRBA) is the research method. The analyzed articles were 48 published from 2015 to 2024. The articles were obtained from national (Indonesia) and internationally reputable journals, indexed by SINTA and Scopus. This study analyzes the representation of research according to several general characteristics, including publication type, year, and country distribution. Specifically, it aims to understand the definition of PjBL, strategies for its implementation, and related benefits and challenges in physics learning. The results found that the implementation of the PjBL model can improve conceptual understanding, high-order thinking skills (HOTS), science processes skills, scientific literacy, students' creative, critical, collaboration, and communication skills, self-efficacy, and is also effective in supporting student motivation, interest, engagement, and learning outcomes. This can be done not only by implementing traditional PjBL but also by integrating PjBL with learning strategies and media. Including integrating STEM, STEAM, Hybrid Ethno, E-Learning, Laboratory-based Blended, Game Techniques, and Learning Media such as Robotics, Smartphones, YouTube, and Virtual/Online Learning. However, PjBL has several challenges, such as teacher and student readiness, limited resources, difficulties evaluating learning, and limited curriculum and time. This review underlines the importance of PjBL in overcoming physics learning difficulties and improving the quality of physics learning. Future research can focus on further integration between more adaptive PjBL and utilizing technology to support difficult physics learning topics
WEB ATTACK DETECTION COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF LSTM AND DNN-BASED DEFENSE MODELS WITH CORRESPONDENCE ANALYSIS
Full text linkRecently since there exists more companies using web, web attacks to hijacking or manipulate the privacy information have increased. Among web vulnerability OWASP has introduced, SQL injection, XSS, File Inclusion have constantly occurred through more than a decade. It concludes that web servers have trouble with blocking old-fashioned web vulnerabilities. This paper is going to skim through web attack defending methods and compares existing web attack detection machine learning models and new ensemble model DPL with ANOVA, chi-square analysis, correspondence analysis to find out relativity between model and web attack. As result of correspondence analysis, brand new model DPL excels existing models but even DPL model have low relativity on XSS. It is expected that post research must introduce more XSS relevant model