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CRUSHED TO DEATH: HEALTH AND SAFETY RIGHTS OF STONE CRUSHERS IN NORTH BENGAL, INDIA
Get PDFSilicosis, among the stone crushing laborers, is considered one of the most common fatal occupational health hazards. Various forms of crushed stone play an extremely important role in urbanization. However, a lack of awareness and the degraded working environment often deny the basic right to health and safe working conditions for stone crushers, the backbone of development worldwide. Masonry workers develop this incurable and irreparable disease due to constant inhalation of crystalline silica particles, which are commonly found in most natural and engineered stones worldwide. Over 200 migrant stone crushers in the Balason riverbed in North Bengal, India, were interviewed in 3 years to understand their socio-economic background and health impact caused by the stone crushing job. It was observed that there are usually two types of crushing methods involved to produce the required sizes of stone chips as per the industry demand: manual stone crushing and stone crushing using jaw crushers and other industrial machines. Both sites were visited to compare dust emission conditions. In the industrial site, it was hard to breathe, owing to the massive dust emissions. On the other hand, manual stone crushers were facing the typical risks of getting hurt or blinded by the stone chips. Though there are several International and Indian Laws that advocate, promote, and protect workers’ safety, it was commonly seen that the workers were working on this site without wearing any Personal Protective Equipment. This field-based qualitative study tends to analyze and highlight such an important topic, which is not only common among the stone crushers, but also prevalent among the miners, construction workers, brick, tile industry, and sandblasting industry worldwide. The goal of this research is to spread awareness worldwide through this case study and create safe working conditions for the workers
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INNOVATIVE REGIONS AND SOCIAL CAPITAL IN TÜRKIYE
Get PDFSocial capital as a resource shaped by trust, cooperation, norms, and networks of social relations enhances the collective action capacity of individuals and communities. This study aims to analyze the causal relationship between social capital and innovation and to assess its potential implications for regional development strategies. To that end, Turkey’s NUTS-I regions were examined over the period 1995–2023 based on their innovation performance. Using the most recent data from 2023, the relationship between regional innovation performance and social capital index values was investigated via correlation analysis. Innovation performance was measured using R&D expenditures, utility model counts, and patent counts, all drawn from the Turkish Patent and Trademark Office and the Turkish Statistical Institute. The findings reveal moderate-to-strong, positive, and statistically significant correlations between social capital and innovation indicators. This suggests that social capital supports local innovation capacity through mechanisms such as knowledge sharing, trust formation, and a culture of collaboration. By addressing the concept of social capital within a spatial context and examining its interaction with innovation from a geographical perspective, this study seeks to make an original contribution to the literature
THE MODEL OF CULTIVATION, INNOVATION, AND MARKETING MODULE DEVELOPMENT: A CASE STUDY ON ‘BAWING’ HERB IN EAST MALAYSIA
Get PDFThe uniqueness of ‘bawing’ coupled with the declining involvement among youth, the contemporary national agenda and the scarcity of module development model related to the agricultural sector have sparked the research idea. This paper is inspired to explicate the development of modules on cultivation, innovation and marketing of an herbal plant that is synonymous with the Sabahan of East Malaysia, namely 'bawing'. The modules were developed based on a questionnaire analysis on KASA (Knowledge-Attitude-Skill-Aspiration) aspects rooted in three learning domains, namely cognitive, affective and psychomotor (CAP) as well as contributing factors pertaining to the challenges of fostering a commercial agricultural culture among the community. The development and combination of the 3-in-1 modules is relevant and significant as 'bawing' possesses countless commercial benefits that are not confined to gastronomic and culinary aspects only. The modules can be utilized in various activities such as Knowledge Transfer Programme (KTP), Teaching of Trainers (ToT), Research and Development (R&D), Teaching & Learning as well as the production of bawing-based prototypes or products. Based on the combination and improvisation of ADDIE and SMDM models as well as SPSS analysis, a model pertaining to the module development process involving four main phases is designed. The Cultivation, Innovation and Marketing Module Development Model (MCIM) which focuses on 'bawing' herb is suitable for modules development purposes inspired to assess the success of KTP or other similar program particularly those that are affiliated with social transformation aspects as well as cultivation of commercial agricultural culture
NEW EDUCATION PROGRAM IN VALUES EDUCATION: TÜRKİYE CENTURY MAARIF MODEL
Get PDFIn 2024, Türkiye put into effect the Türkiye Century Maarif Model Curriculum, which was completed in 2023. The curriculum has sparked significant debate since its publication. Each discipline has contributed its own perspectives, leading to extensive discussions on the subject. The main reason for the most vocal debate is the title and principle of the Maarif Model for the Turkish Century. The name Maarif has not been heard in Türkiye for a long time, and as a model, it was put forward for the first time in 2024. The most striking point of the Maarif Model education is the perspective it develops in terms of values education. This perspective integrates the targeted human model and philosophy into all curricula in Türkiye. Maarif Model, which is examined within the framework of values education, was analyzed in this study in order to understand its basic elements, present its disciplines and explain its impact for Türkiye. Document analysis, one of the deductive analysis approaches, was used as a method in the study. The entire study was selected from the “Common Text of Curriculum” published by the Ministry of National Education of the Republic of Türkiye and translated into English
BEYOND THE CLASSROOM: INTEGRATING UNIVERSAL DESIGN FOR LEARNING INTO INCLUSIVE EXTRACURRICULAR ACTIVITIES
Get PDFThis study investigates how the Universal Design for Learning (UDL) framework can be applied to extracurricular activities in inclusive junior high schools in Indonesia. Despite the increasing emphasis on inclusive education, most UDL implementations remain limited to classroom instruction. Through a literature review approach, this study promotes and designs inclusive extracurricular programs across three domains: athletics, hobby-based academics, and performing arts. These programs incorporate UDL’s three core principles—Engagement, Representation, and Action & Expression—while also considering students’ cognitive styles and developmental needs. The findings demonstrate that extracurricular activities, when inclusively designed, can strengthen students’ sense of identity, support their psychosocial development, and foster equitable opportunities for both academic and non-academic achievement, including for students with disabilities. This approach offers valuable guidance for educators and policymakers committed to advancing inclusive practices beyond the classroom
STANDARD AND NON-STANDARD GRAMMAR: TOWARD A CORRECT UNDERSTANDING OF GRAMMAR FOR CLASSROOM TEACHERS
Get PDF A majority of the literature about grammar in the EFL classroom concerns what if any role the teaching of grammar has in foreign language teaching. This presentation, however, will address the validity of the grammar rules which are presented in classrooms around the world by differentiating between descriptive and prescriptive approaches to grammar. It will define grammar, outline what a grammar error is and who makes grammar errors. It will then discuss how many of the purported rules that underpin curricula around the world are not rules but instead confusions with and reactions against natural language change, confusion of common tendencies with grammar rules, and the conflation of grammar and style. It will then give some concrete examples of these. Then it will discuss the implications for learners of a misunderstanding of grammar. Finally, it will address some common questions about understanding grammar properly in the descriptive sense rather than from a prescriptive standpoint
EXPLORING TEACHER MOTIVATION THROUGH LIFE STORIES AND OBSERVATIONS: CASES OF YOUNG EFL TEACHERS IN JAPAN
Get PDFThe purpose of this study is to explore the professional motivation of young English teachers in Japan through life story interviews and participant observation. In the interviews, key elements of motivation – such as autonomy, competence, and relatedness – were observed. In particular, the ability to conduct lessons autonomously, collaboration with colleagues, and meaningful connections with students emerged as core factors in maintaining high levels of motivation. To deepen the understanding gained from the interviews, participant observations were conducted at each teacher’s school. These observations aimed to examine how each teacher’s motivation was reflected in their daily teaching practices and overall professional life. Rather than remaining internal or abstract, their motivation was visibly expressed through their classroom behaviors, interactions with students, and approaches to instructional tasks.Through this integrated research process, it became evident that the teachers’ professional identity and sources of motivation were rooted not only in their role as English language specialists, but also equally in their identity as caregivers who support students’ holistic development. In the context of Japan’s class teacher system and the emphasis on whole-person education, the broad and complex responsibilities expected of teachers are often considered a factor contributing to the national teacher shortage. Nevertheless, this study found that for some young teachers, these responsibilities – especially the opportunity to build strong relationships with students – served as important sources of motivation.
 
SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW: WHAT DO THE STUDIES REVEAL ABOUT PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING IN PHYSICS EDUCATION?
Get PDFTwenty-first century education demands the development of higher-order thinking skills (HOTS) such as critical thinking, creative thinking, and problem-solving. However, physics education often faces challenges due to its abstract nature and lack of visualization, which are worsened by the continued dominance of conventional teaching methods. Problem-Based Learning (PBL) emerges as a potential solution, especially when integrated with technology. This study is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) of 57 selected articles from Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, aiming to analyze trends, effectiveness, challenges, and recommendations for the implementation of PBL in physics education. The findings reveal that PBL consistently enhances students’ HOTS, with technological support such as Augmented Reality (AR), digital simulations, and e-scaffolding strengthening the understanding of abstract concepts. However, the implementation of PBL faces pedagogical challenges (lack of teacher training), technological challenges (limited infrastructure), and institutional challenges (rigid curricula). Practical recommendations include the development of interactive digital teaching materials, teacher training, the combination of PBL with STEM or blended learning approaches, and the use of performance-based authentic assessments. These findings underscore the need for a holistic approach to optimizing technology-enhanced PBL in preparing students for 21st-century challenges
THE IMPACT OF CYBERLOAFING ON THE EMOTIONAL WELL-BEING OF PSYCHIATRIC NURSES IN SAUDI ARABIA
Get PDFCyberloafing, or the use of the internet in the workplace for non-work-related purposes, is an increasingly common problem in the field of professional development. Nurses face a variety of stressors, including workload and patient conflict, which can negatively affect their emotional wellbeing. While cyberloafing may provide some temporary relief, widespread use could lead to reduced productivity and increased disease transmission. This study aims to examine the impact of cyberloafing on the nurse’s emotional wellbeing in Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional study will be conducted among about 200 psychiatric nurses, randomly selected from mental health hospitals in Saudi Arabia using sample size equation based on the expected cyberloafing prevalence from the similar study. Data will be collected using self-reported questionnaire including demographic and professional characteristics, Cyberloafing Scale and Positive and Negative Affect Schedule - Short Form (PANAS-SF). Data will be analyzed using SPSS version 28.0. Ethical issues will be considered. The study is expected to demonstrate that moderate levels of cyberloafing may be relieving in the short term, whereas excessive use may be associated with greater distress and dissatisfaction with the job. The findings will inform workplace policies on preventing cyberloafing and emphasize the relationship between nurses’ emotional wellbeing
PUBLIC-PRIVATE AND CIVIL SOCIETY PARTNERSHIP IN CULTURAL HERITAGE MANAGEMENT IN THE CASE OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES: THAILAND’S REGULATIONS, POLICIES, IMPLEMENTATION, AND LIMITATION
Get PDFThe public-private partnership is a principal approach utilized and favored in public administration throughout numerous countries. Nevertheless, management in the public sector encompasses not only the distinction between the private and public sectors but also includes civil society. This article seeks to illustrate the public-private and civil society partnerships in cultural heritage management concerning archeological sites in Thailand, focusing on regulations, policies, implementation, and limitations. The qualitative approach was employed to gather data. The findings indicated that no regulation, law, or policy specifically deals with public-private partnerships, particularly in the management of cultural heritage concerning archaeological sites and civil society participation. Instead, these are managed by a combined set of other laws and regulations, like the Cultural Heritage Act and the Public-Private Partnership Act. From the implementation perspective, each government agency utilizes its policies to support project execution in alignment with the executive vision of private initiatives. The absence of explicit laws and regulations limits public-private and civil society partnerships in cultural heritage management, specifically regarding archaeological sites in Thailand. To enhance cultural heritage management for archaeological sites, it is crucial to establish clear laws and regulations and engage all sectors, particularly the public sector, which truly owns the state asset, in understanding its implementations. The project must address the business benefits for investors, conservation considerations, and public engagement to prevent conflicts and enhance community understanding of heritage management for both business and preservation purposes