International Journal of New Practices in Management and Engineering
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Practice of Corporate Social Responsibility in Nepal
Full text linkThis study is intended to detect CSR domains practiced by Nepalese business and trying to discover the whether CSR is mandatory issue in Nepal or not. So, to test the CSR practice, the data have been collected from structured questionnaire for descriptive analysis. Besides this, expert’s opinion is also observed to diagnose CSR mandatory issue in a real Nepalese perspective. Therefore, the result of the study appears that government role has not been effective to maintain its policy on CSR. So that, legal and ethical domains of CSR are found to be poor in practice of Nepalese business society. Furthermore, diverse views of experts found on CSR mandatory issues in Nepal. Hence, it can be conclude that, it is not enough to just a making CSR policy mandatory. However, along with policy, CSR has to be accountable and transparent which shows their fund allocation and observed sectors
The Importance of Public–Private Partnerships in Building Underdeveloped Economies
Full text linkPublic–Private Partnerships (PPPs) have been widely promoted as instruments for mobilizing finance, improving service delivery, and accelerating infrastructure development in underdeveloped economies. This article presents a critical, evidence-informed assessment of the role PPPs play in economic development, identifies conditions under which they add value (or create risks), and offers policy recommendations tailored to low-income and fragile states. The analysis synthesizes institutional reports (World Bank, IMF, UN), empirical studies, and sectoral case examples to show that PPPs can be an important complement to public investment—provided governance, risk-management, transparency, and capacity constraints are explicitly addressed. Where such preconditions are absent, PPPs risk producing fiscal contingent liabilities, unequal access, and capture of public assets by private interests. The article concludes with a practical framework for policymakers seeking to employ PPPs to advance inclusive, sustainable growth
Several Requirements for the Struve Function to Fall Inside Particular Analytic Function Subclasses
Full text linkThe goal of this paper is to derive some suitable restrictions such that the first-kind generalized Struve functions fall into the subclasses, and to study the inclusion properties.
Monitoring of Sona Massori Paddy Crop and its Pests Using Image Processing
Full text linkNowadays plant diseases are the major cause of low agriculture yield. So significance of detecting diseases in early stages and treating it will improve the agriculture yield. In India the major agriculture crop is paddy and in central part of south India there is a specific paddy crop called Sona Massori. In our work we concentrated on Sona Masori paddy crop health and pest monitoring using image processing. Here image processing technique is used to observe the image of the leaf and based on the image the diseases are identified using the following process such as image acquisition, pre-processing, segmentation, feature extraction and classification. Mostly diseases are caused by pests, insects and pathogens. In Sona Massori paddy crop 99% of diseases are caused by pests, So detecting pests also plays an important role in improving yield. Here pests are detected by image processing techniques such as Gaussian blur and morphological operations
Phase Shifters with Tunable Reflective Method Using Inductive Coupled Lines
Full text linkA coupler forms essential aspect of a phase shifters with tunable reflector, which is a 3 decibel quadrature coupler (?/4). In this paper, a model which shows that by reducing the length of the coupler a wide phase range is achieved for a reflective type phase shifter. The approach used in this method is by having a variable instead of constant Even and Odd impedances. The ultimate aim is to design a Reflective Type Phase Shifter which has a very low area, low return and insertion losses and a large phase range. The proposed model is done using Advanced Design System (ADS) and the results are verified for the frequency of 2.4GHz
Women and Innovative Entrepreneurship: Opportunities, Barriers, and Pathways to Inclusion
No full textThe rise of innovative entrepreneurship has become a defining feature of twenty-first century economies, reshaping markets and creating new opportunities for growth. Yet the participation of women in this domain remains uneven and often constrained. While female entrepreneurs have founded transformative ventures in technology, healthcare, and social innovation, systemic barriers continue to limit their access to capital, networks, and supportive ecosystems. This article examines the nexus between women and innovative entrepreneurship, with a focus on both the opportunities that digitalisation, globalisation, and shifting societal expectations provide, and the barriers posed by structural inequities, cultural norms, and financial exclusion. It outlines the drivers enabling women’s participation in entrepreneurial innovation, analyses the persistent challenges of gender bias, capital access, and work–life balance, and explores strategic responses from firms, policymakers, and civil society. Sectoral case studies highlight women’s innovative contributions in technology start-ups, social enterprises, and creative industries. Finally, the article considers broader implications for inclusive growth, gender equality, and the design of entrepreneurial ecosystems. The central argument advanced is that women’s innovative entrepreneurship represents both an underutilised economic resource and a crucial lever for inclusive development. Realising its potential requires dismantling structural barriers while actively designing policies, practices, and cultures that enable women to thrive as innovators
An Efficient Power Optimized 32 bit BCD Adder Using Multi-Channel Technique
Full text linkStatic power reduction is a challenge in deep submicron VLSI circuits. In this paper 28T full adder circuit, 14T full adder circuit and 32 bit power gated BCD adder using the full adders respectively were designed and their average power was compared. In existing work a conventional full adder is designed using 28T and the same is used to design 32 bit BCD adder. In the proposed architecture 14T transmission gate based power gated full adder is used for the design of 32 bit BCD adder. The leakage supremacy dissipated during standby mode in all deep submicron CMOS devices is reduced using efficient power gating and multi-channel technique. Simulation results were obtained using Tanner EDA and TSMC_180nm library file is used for the design of 28T full adder, 14T full adder and power gated BCD adder and a significant power reduction is achieved in the proposed architecture
An Efficient Traffic Control System and License Plate Detection Using Image Processing
Full text linkAutomatic license plate recognition is extracted from license plate of the vehicle. It is taken as an image or a continuous image taken in sequence. The extracted information can be with or without a database in many applications like electronic payment systems and freeway and arterial monitoring devices for traffic surveillance. ALPR employs CC camera, advanced camera or black and white, color camera to capture the image. ALPR is fruitful if the captured images are of good quality. ALPR is a real time application that processes the images of license plates in various conditions like dark or bright times in a day. A general technique should be identified to process images in many different countries or states. We should know that the license plate generally consists of various colors, languages, fonts and others have images in the background. Also, these plates are obstructed by mud, light, some accessories especially on a car. Here, we discuss about methods for ALPR. We classify ALPR based on the features they are used in each method and knowing their advantages, disadvantages, recognition accuracy and processing speed. Managing the timing in traffic controlling by calculating the density of an image
Modern Speech Identification Model using Acoustic Neural approach
Full text linkModern day technology demands sophisticated technology to give input commands to computational devices. Prominent techniques has to be introduced to make human machine interface smooth and compatible especially speech signals. Establishing efficient communication between computer and machine plays a vital role in speech processing. This article uses one of current technologies in the Continuous Speech Recognition systems which is Reservoir Computing based Neural Network followed by likelihood conversion. Our aim is to build a stand-alone system which understands the terminology of languages. Throughout the development, measures will be taken to keep the memory requirement and the processing time of the software as small as possible
Design and Analysis of High Speed Low Power Hybrid Adder Using Transmission Gates
Full text linkAddition is the vital arithmetic operation and it acts as a base for many arithmetic operations such as multipliers, dividers, etc. A full adder acts as a basic component in complex circuits. Full adder is the essential segment in many applications such as DSP, Microcontroller, Microprocessor, etc. There exists an inevitable swap between speed and power indulgence in VLSI design systems. A new modified hybrid 1-bit full adder using TG is presented. Here, the circuit is replaced with a simple XNOR gate, which increases the speed. Due to this, transistor count gets reduced results in better optimization of area. The analysis has been carried out also for 2, 4, 8 and 16 bit and it is compared with the various techniques. The result shows a significant improvement in speed, area, power dissipation and transistor counts