Journal of Ideas in Health
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Medical students carry more virulent microorganisms at their throat than that of patients\u27 accompaniers
Get PDFBackground: Transition of medical students from a non-clinical to a clinical situation carries a considerable risk that needs further investigation. This study aims to detect and compare the throat bacterial colonization between medical students and patients\u27 accompaniers in a tertiary hospital.
Methods: Across-sectional descriptive study was conducted at the outpatient clinics of the Baquba Teaching Hospital at the Faculty of Medicine, Diyala University, Iraq. A total of 120 throat swabs collected from a sample of 70 medical students (fifth stage) and 50 volunteers as a control group who were selected conveniently during their outpatient visits over September 2018. Aerobic and anaerobic culture methods were recruited to investigate the samples following the standard microbiological procedures.
Results: Finding of this study indicate a high rate of bacterial throat colonization among medical students compared to the control group. Male gender showed high susceptibility for infection than females. The most common bacteria isolated among medical students were Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli 26 (37.1%), followed by Streptococcus pneumonia appeared in 23 samples (32.8%), Viridians streptococci 19 (27.1%), Acinetobacter spp.14 (20%), Enterobacter spp. 4 (5.7%), Candida spp. 3 (4.2%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 2 (2.8%) respectively.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that medical students may contribute significantly to the transmission and dissemination of nosocomial pathogens among patients and vice versa
Simultaneous versus two stage surgical treatment of developmental dislocation of the hip with excessive femoral anteversion in children under the age of three years
Get PDFBackground: Delayed diagnosis and improper treated cases of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in the presence of excessive anteversion of femoral head may lead to undesirable consequences, including more extensive interventions with severe complications and functional disability. This study aimed to compare the clinical, radiological, and complication outcomes of simultaneously versus two-stage surgical procedures (open reduction and proximal femoral derotation osteotomy) in the treatment of DDH with excessive femoral anteversion among a sample of Iraqi children aged less than three years old.
Methods: A total of 26 DDH cases were treated in two groups (GI, GII) at Al-Wasity Teaching Hospital (Baghdad, Iraq) from January 2014 to March 2015. GI (15 hips) in 13 patients subjected to simultaneous open reduction (with/without salter osteotomy) and proximal femoral derotation osteotomy. GII (18 hips) in 13 patients operated in two stages procedure; open reduction (with/without salter osteotomy) followed by proximal femoral derotation osteotomy six weeks later.
Results: At the time of operation, the average age was 21.79±3.51months (range: 18-30). The mean follow-up period was 10.36 ±1.45 months (range, 8 -12). Statistically, the postoperative clinical, radiological, and complication findings were not significantly different between the two groups. However, in post-operative clinical assessment (McKay\u27s criteria), the satisfying results (excellent and good) were 93% in GI and 88% in GII, respectively. Moreover, in radiological assessment (Severins classification), the satisfying results (excellent and good) were 94% in GI and 83% in GII, respectively. Two cases of re-dislocation and avascular necrosis (AVN) were reported in GII.
Conclusion: When the clinical and radiological findings of one and two-stage open reduction and proximal femoral derotation osteotomy procedures are similar, the one-stage is more likely to overcome the two-stage in terms of minimizing the cost, length of stay and the risk of AVN of the femoral head
Syrian mothers, why to accept or to refuse HPV vaccine for their teen girls
Get PDFBackground: Cervical cancer (CC) ranks the eighth most frequent cancer among Syrian women with crude incidence rates 1.4 per 100, 000 populations per year. This study aimed to test the acceptance of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine among mothers of schoolgirls in sixth-grade class.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted through a structured and self-administrated questionnaire. A total of 400 Syrian mothers of schoolgirls were selected randomly by the cluster sampling method in Aleppo city, Syria, in 2011. Significant variables from univariate analysis were included in an enter technique multiple logistic regression analysis.
Results: The response rate was 86%. If the vaccine was free, 282 (81.7%) mothers would accept the vaccine for themselves and 236 (68.4%) for their daughters, respectively. However, the acceptance rate grossly decreased to 24.6% and 15.1%, respectively, if the vaccine was not provided free. The high cost of the HPV vaccine and lack of knowledge were the significant barriers for mothers\u27 acceptance of the HPV vaccine. Protection of daughters and the trust with health authority were the main encouraging reasons to accept the HPV vaccine. Findings from logistic regression analysis revealed that the employed mothers (odds ratio = 2.4; 95% CI: 1.3–4.4), with a positive history of gynecological examination (OR = 2.1; 95% CI: 1.6–2.9) and having sound knowledge (OR = 2.4; 95% CI: 1.0–5.7) are independent factors related to the acceptance of the HPV vaccine for their daughters.
Conclusion: The results from this study suggest that mothers from different cultural backgrounds, including Syrian mothers, are holding different beliefs on privacy and health that may affect their willingness to accept the HPV vaccine
Upper respiratory tract infection and otitis media are clinically and microbiologically associated
No full textBackground: Although significant improvement has been achieved in terms of antibiotic care, otitis media (OM) continues to be a worldwide health problem that may develop serious complications. This study aimed to detect the growth of organisms and to find out the most susceptible factors related to OM among the Iraqi population.
Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at the out-patient department (OPD) of Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT) at the Baquba teaching hospital at the Faculty of medicine, Diyala University from November 2017 to March 2018. A total of 300 ear samples collected from 87 (29.0%) patients of acute otitis media (AOM), 104 (34.7%) patients of otitis media with effusion (OME), and 109 (36.3%) patients of chronic otitis media (COM). Standard microbiological procedures were recruited to investigate the samples using aerobic and anaerobic culture methods.
Results: The highest incidence of OM 218 (72.7%) was observed among the age group of fewer than ten years old. The most common bacteria isolated were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (35.0%), Staphylococcus aureus (25.0%), Proteus spp. (24.0%), Escherichia coli (7.0%), Streptococcus pneumonia (6.0%), Klebsiella pneumonia (2.0%) and Streptococcus pyogenes (1.0%). It was found that upper respiratory infection (URTI), adenoid inflammation with (URTI), adenoid inflammation, the practices of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), and the accident or trauma are the main factors related to OM in about (42.0%), (31.0%), (11.0%), (10.0%) and (6.0%) of cases respectively.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that OM was effectively related to URTI and adenoid inflammation with (URTI) in about 73.0% of cases. More attention should be given to early diagnosis and treatment of URTI before progressing to undesirable OM
Impact of conflict related and workplace related violence on job satisfaction among physicians from Iraq - a descriptive cross-sectional multicentre study
Get PDFBackground: During the last decade, the events of violence against healthcare providers have been escalated, especially in the areas of conflicts. This study aimed to test the impact of conflict-related and workplace-related violence on job satisfaction among Iraqi physicians.
Methods: A cross-sectional study with a self-administered survey was conducted among medical doctors in Iraq from January to June 2014. Participants (n=535, 81.1% response rate) were selected at random from 20 large general and district hospitals using a multistage sampling technique.
Results: The mean (+SD) value on the total job satisfaction score was 42.26 (+14.63). The majority of respondents (67.3%) experienced unsafe medical practice; however, the conflict- related violence showed no significant difference in job satisfaction scores. In backward regression analysis, two socio-demographic variables (age, gender), and three work-related variables (being a specialist, working less than 40 hours per week, working in both government and private sector) were positively related to job satisfaction, while the workplace violence variables were negatively related. It was found that increases in physical attack, verbal abuse, bullying, and racial harassment brought about decreases in job satisfaction scores of 6,087, 3.014, 9,107, and 4,242, respectively.
Conclusion: Our results suggest that work-related variables and workplace violence do affect job satisfaction. Specifically, when physicians have been physically attacked, verbally abused, bullied, and racially harassed, their job satisfaction decreases significantly
Iraqi medical students are still planning to leave after graduation
Get PDFBackground: Medical students constitute the backbone of the future human resource for health, and therefore, as much as attention should be given to secure a high level of education, it should also be given to understand their wishes to leave or to stay at home country. This study aimed to find out the prominent factors associated with Iraqi medical students\u27 planning to leave their country after graduation.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among clinical medical students (fourth, fifth, and sixth classes) of two medical colleges (the University of Anbar and University of Fallujah) in Anbar Governorate from 1st to 14th March 2018. A total of 183 students (Response Rate: 72,6%.) completed a self-administered questionnaire consisting of 15 close-ended questions related to the socio-demographic factors, economic characteristics, and some other factors inspired from Iraq\u27s situation. Moreover, one open-ended question was designed to explore the main reasons for migration from the student\u27s point of view.
Results: Although 109 students (60%) felt that serving their citizens and country is a priority, however, the vast majority of 133 (73%) of the surveyed students had a plan to leave Iraq. About two thirds (69 %) of students intended to migrate as soon as they manage to: obtain their graduation certificate (49%); have enough money (34%), and the remaining 18% when they get parents’ permission.
Conclusion: Our results suggest that living environments and work-related variables are significantly associated with medical students\u27 intention of migration; however, social reasons and inspiring academic achievement were the main factors triggering students to leave Iraq
Predictors of emotional exhaustion among physicians from Iraq - a descriptive cross-sectional multicentre study
Get PDFBackground: Doctors and paramedics in countries suffering from long-acting conflicts, including Iraq, are working in severe and exceptional conditions, putting them under severe physical and psychological pressure, therefore examining burnout is important when dealing with the quality of care and working conditions. This study aimed to assess the point prevalence and to explore factors associated with emotional exhaustion (EE) among medical doctors in Iraq.
Methods: Descriptive and a cross-sectional study was conducted (January to June 2014) among a randomly selected sample of medical doctors (n=576, 87.3% response rate) working in twenty large general hospitals and medical centers. In addition to EE, the self-administered questionnaire used was consisting of questions on sociodemographic, work-related characteristics, conflict-related variables, and job satisfaction. EE was measured using the emotional exhaustion subscale of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI).
Results: The prevalence of EE reported by 60.0% of the respondents. In multiple linear regression analysis, the emotional burnout was higher among doctors who were married, female, bearing children, being threatened, displaced internally, non-specialist doctors, working more than 40 hours per week, experienced unsafe medical practice, disagreed with the way manager handle the staff and those who reported that the doctor-patient relationship as not excellent.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that job dissatisfaction, conflict, and violence-related factors were significantly associated with a high level of emotional exhaustion among Iraqi physicians