Journal on Efficiency and Responsibility in Education and Science
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Preservice Teachers’ Experiences on Becoming Culturally Responsive Educators: An Action Research Case Study
Get PDFReflection on teaching and learning is considered one of the most essential elements of teacher development. With the rise of multilingual learners in U.S. public schools, the role of critical reflection has become even more prominent in teacher preparation programs to disrupt preservice teachers’ (PSTs) biases and stereotypes regarding these learners and their families. Moreover, to address the widening educational inequities and to enact more equitable teaching practices, PSTs ought to reflect on their pedagogical practices with the guidance of an educator-mentor. Therefore, this qualitative action research case study explored how one teacher preparation program implemented reflective and experiential practices in their graduate Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages coursework to assist PSTs in systematically examining their understandings of culturally responsive practices. Our research was grounded in culturally responsive teaching. Our findings revealed that our PSTs had an awareness of culturally responsive pedagogy; they recognized the importance of learning from and with their students and families but still had areas for growth when implementing culturally responsive practices, prompting us to further explore how these PSTs enact culturally sustaining practices in their future classrooms
Contribution of Locus of Control, Self-Efficacy, and Motivation to Student Achievement: A Meta-Analytic Structural Equation Modelling
Get PDFThis meta-analysis examined whether motivation mediated the relationship between self-efficacy, locus of control, and academic achievement. Thirty-seven studies providing correlation estimates for 40 different samples were included in the analysis. The data from these studies were fitted to three models using a two-stage structural equation modelling method. In stage 1, a total correlation matrix was created by combining the correlations. In stage 2, this matrix was used for examining the models. First, a proposed model was fitted to examine the effect of self-efficacy and locus of control on achievement through motivation. Second, an alternative model was tested by drawing a direct line from self-efficacy to achievement. Third, another model was tested by examining the mediating role of motivation between self-efficacy and achievement. The analyses suggested that academic achievement significantly correlates with self-efficacy (r=0.218) and motivation (r=0.237). Motivation significantly correlates with self-efficacy (r=0.415) and locus of control (r=0.216). However, locus of control does not correlate with self-efficacy and achievement (p>0.05). Self-efficacy and locus of control positively influence motivation. Self-efficacy influences achievement both directly and indirectly through motivation. The findings provide a general overview of how these variables correlate and affect student achievement
Dropout Intentions in Higher Education: Systematic Literature Review: Systematic Literature Review
No full textCollege dropout proves to be a critical problem in undergraduate programs that directly affects students and the related community, due to direct economic losses and significant social costs. This article addresses a systematic review of the literature on predictors of student dropout intention in higher education, focusing on scientific production in Q1 and Q2 journals from 2018 to 2023, performing a bibliometric review and analyzing the available empirical and theoretical data on the phenomenon of college dropout intention and its affecting factors.
The bibliometric results and those related to predictors of dropout intention introduced in previous studies are presented. The largest number of researchers studying this phenomenon are from Germany, however, the United Kingdom is the country with the largest number of publications. Previous research can be grouped into two categories: studies analyzing psychological factors of dropout intention and those related to academic and social integration
Identifying the Factors Influencing Mathematics Teachers' Grading Practices Regarding Students' In-Class Performance: A Reliability and Validity Study
Get PDFThis study aims to develop a scale to identify the factors influencing mathematics teachers' grading practices regarding students' in-class performance. The study was carried out with 180 secondary and 140 high school mathematics teachers from the southwestern region of Türkiye. The scale’s construct validity was determined using item analysis, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The EFA results showed that the scale consisted of a 5-point Likert-type scale with 36 items under eight factors (mathematical knowledge and skills, social behaviors, affective skills, effort, homework performance, follow-up test results, academic exam results, and external benchmarks). The scale explained 70.02% of the total variance, with factor loadings ranging from 0.50 to 0.92. The item-total correlations ranged from 0.36 to 0.64, and t-test results for the item discrimination index were significant. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the overall scale was calculated to be 0.92. The CFA results indicated that the scale model had a good fit (Chi-square/df = 1.39; RMSEA = 0.051; IFI = 0.98; NNFI = 0.97; CFI= 0.98; and SRMR = 0.062). Based on the findings, the scale is a valid and reliable instrument that may be used in determining the factors influencing mathematics teachers’ grading practices
Assessing the Relative Impact of Colombian Higher Education Institutions Using Fuzzy Data Envelopment Analysis (Fuzzy-DEA) in State Evaluations
Get PDFThis research aims to design a helpful methodology for estimating universities' relative impact on students as a sustainability factor in higher education. To this end, the research methodology implemented a two-stage approach. The first stage involves the relative efficiency analysis of the study units using Fuzzy Data Envelopment Analysis. The second stage consists of a predictive evaluation of the efficiency of the study units. Consequently, among the most relevant results of the research, it is observed that the methodology identifies the institutions that need to strengthen the academic competencies of the industrial engineering program. Additionally, we developed a benchmark analysis called Efficient Route to help inefficient units achieve efficiency, associating efficiency, and sustainability as pillars of higher education processes.
Mobile Augmented Reality in Biological Education: Perceptions of Austrian Secondary School Teachers
Get PDFToday's teachers play a critical role in preparing students for the integration of educational technologies, such as augmented reality (AR), into their lessons. It is thought that AR implementation improves collaboration, motivation, and learning outcomes. Considering this, this study aims to determine the teachers’ perceptions of the benefits and obstacles of employing mobile AR applications (mAR) in their biology education, along with suggestions for practice, app developers, and policymakers. Therefore, a mixed-methods study was used to examine Austrian secondary school biology teachers’ opinions. A questionnaire containing open-ended and closed-ended questions was distributed to 35 teachers. Descriptive statistics were employed to process quantitative data, whereas grounded theory was utilized to process qualitative data. According to the findings, biology teachers likely utilize mAR apps to teach about human anatomy or to identify living things (e.g., plant determination). According to the teachers, mAR can improve students’ learning outcomes, motivation, and collaboration, and further their enthusiasm for learning biology. The main obstacles that teachers encounter whilst integrating mAR into their lessons are lack of technical devices, Internet issues, inconsistency with the curriculum, and questionable scientific accuracy of information. Despite the promising results, additional future studies with larger sample sizes are needed
Teacher-Tailored Classroom Observation for Professional Growth of EFL Instructors: An Exploratory Case Study
Get PDFContemporary approaches to professional development (PD) involve investigating ways of bottom-up, self-directed practices while addressing various needs of teachers. Yet, utilized as a tool in such practices, classroom observation (CO) is not considered to promote teacher professional learning since it is generally regarded as part of the appraisal process. Thus, this exploratory case study aims to explore the insights of four EFL teachers about CO tailored by teachers themselves for their professional growth in a higher education context in Türkiye. Focusing on a bottom-up practice, the teachers pursued a collaborative act on their PD in this specific context. Based on the participants’ previous and current experiences of CO, the data were collected through semi-structured interviews and teacher educator notes. The inductive thematic analysis of the data revealed three major interconnected themes providing pathways toward CO as a PD tool with special emphasis on the generic features of the teacher-tailored CO process. The discussion of findings highlights the importance of empowering, collaborative, and sustainable practices in teachers’ professional growth. Implications are included for English language teacher development programs
Technostress and Continuance Intention of Online Learning in Higher Education: Evidence from Indonesia
Get PDFAs a developing country, Indonesia faces many obstacles in implementing online learning due to the lack of infrastructure and technical skills. The mandated online learning policy during the spread of the covid-19 virus became a turning point and made massive use. However, the online learning policy raised unforeseen issues such as stress, especially among students. This study focuses on the continuance intention of online learning among college students in Indonesia. The person-environment fit theory serves as a theoretical anchor, with technostress being examined as a predictor. This research uses an online questionnaire to reach 466 college students as research participants. We used partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to examine the research model. The result shows that three types of technostress (techno-overload, techno-invasion, and techno-uncertainty) are confirmed to have a significant negative effect on the continuance intention of online learning. Meanwhile, the other two (techno-complexity and techno-insecurity) do not affect online learning continuance intention. The current study contributes to the literature regarding the technostress and continuance intention of online learning topics, especially in developing countries such as Indonesia. Furthermore, the research provides valuable insight for policymakers and university administrators, enabling them to formulate effective policies for mandated online learning
Digital Storytelling in Economics Subjects and its Effectiveness on Student Learning Outcomes by Gender and Different Economic Knowledge
Get PDFDigital storytelling (DST) is one of the alternative teaching methods and previous research shows its positive impact on students’ motivation and learning outcomes, especially in humanities subjects. In vocational subjects such as economics, the effectiveness of this method is questionable. 856 respondents aged 15 to 19 from six business academies in the Czech Republic took part in the testing, which focused on the effectiveness of digital storytelling in economics. This paper presents other possible factors that may have influenced students' performance in the post-test. A comparison of the results from the pre-tests and post-tests of the experimental and control groups showed that the students from the experimental group reached higher mean values in the post-test than the students from the control group. It was also found that in the group that used digital storytelling, the year of study and the initial knowledge of the students assessed in the pre-test influenced the mean post-test scores. On the other hand, the factor of students' gender was not demonstrated. At the end of the testing, a questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate students' views on digital storytelling and their preferences for teaching methods
Education Performance of Czech Public Higher Education Institutions Using Data Envelopment and Panel Regression Analysis
Get PDFThe priority goals of the development of Czech higher education include ensuring the quality of its activities, improving the availability and relevance of flexible forms of education, and increasing efficiency in teaching and research. Several professional articles evaluated educational efficiency, but the proposed models did not include unemployed graduate students. The paper assesses education efficiency at public universities in the Czech Republic in 2020-2021 using an extended Data envelopment model with undesirable outputs, non-proportional and non-radial measures of distance from the efficient frontier. The influence of selected economic, social, regional and institutional factors on education efficiency is estimated by a panel regression model using the Feasible generalized least squares method. The results document the level and development of education efficiency and find insufficient reduction of unemployed graduates as a critical problem of inefficiency. More prominent universities achieve higher education efficiency. The main statistically significant factors influencing changes in education efficiency are population density, the unemployment rate, the location of the university in larger urban centres and the number of students per university employee