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Dynamic Elastic Modulus Variability in Anisotropic and Isotropic Materials: Comparison by Acoustic Emission
Get PDFThis study compared the variation of the dynamic elastic modulus (E) of three types of composite pipes made by the filament winding process and a steel alloy specimen, according to signal source changes. The specimens were produced with three different winding angles, i.e., ±50°, ±52.5°, and ±55°. The moduli were obtained through a known signal source and the angular variation, according to two sensors positioned over the specimen's surface. In a previous article, the variation in the velocity of acoustic emission (AE) signals, performed in the same type of pipes, was discussed based on the standards for glass fiber-reinforced epoxy (GFRE) filament wound specimens. This work took these preliminary findings to compare with the results found for steel alloy pipes (SAE 1020). This data was used with appropriate equations to determine the dynamic elastic moduli of each material. It was found that, even for small angular differences, the modulus changes position concerning the lamination angle. Thus, the lower the quality control, the lower the final product with composite materials. As expected, for isotropic materials such as steel alloys, the modulus remains constant along the angles, while for anisotropic ones, it is dependent on the principal directions of stress and strain, or on the other hand, dependent on the correlation between the angular wave velocity of the AE signals
Does the Judiciary Support Legal Certainty? An Indonesian Perspective
Get PDFMany legal thinkers have tried to interpret what and how the principle of legal certainty enforced. In both civil and common law traditions, legal certainty is considered a value and the basis for the legality of public authorities' legislative and administrative actions. The meaning of these two views, both Civil law and Common law, is that legal certainty is the embodiment of the principle of legal legality or in other words, legal certainty related to law enforcement itself. Interestingly, legal certainty begins with the legal uncertainty created by the institutions that form it. The judge's role in interpreting, translating and finding the law is crucial so that there is no legal vacuum due to the malfunction of the rule of law. This paper will discuss how the Indonesian judiciary supports legal certainty. The research method used is juridical normative with conceptual, and case approaches. The results of this study indicate that the Indonesian judiciary supports legal certainty through legal interpretation and legal findings made by judges. This legal interpretation and legal findings' primary purpose is to fill the legal gap left by laws that are multiple interpretations and ambiguous
Revisiting the Theory of Broken Windows Policing
Get PDFHow has the academy contributed to the horrors of policing in the United States? While many scholars study policing, few do so from a self-reflective position, which would examine how the production of knowledge has often legitimized policing’s harms. As part of a larger effort to encourage researchers to come to terms with the role we have played in facilitating contemporary atrocities, here I reconsider political scientist James Q. Wilson and criminologist George L. Kelling’s 1982 “Broken Windows” essay, as well as its intellectual legacy. Their essay is best known for speculating that police foot-patrols, by cracking down on low-level offenses, will reduce serious crime. While this speculation has become the subject of much public and academic debate, the relationship between policing and crime is only a secondary point in the article. Unfortunately, focusing on this secondary point has led scholarly and public discourse to distort the essay’s arguments. I correct this distortion through a close reading of the essay. Wilson and Kelling argue that the primary objective of the police should be to maintain order rather than to prevent crime or even to enforce the law. As such, police should discourage behavior inconsistent with neighborhood standards (even if it is not criminal) and should also remove “disorderly” people from public life (even if they are not breaking the law). Indeed, Wilson and Kelling actually endorse illegal actions in certain instances: when these actions are committed by either police or vigilantes to fashion and maintain the authoritarian, classist, ableist, and racist order that the authors envision. After discussing how an accurate understanding of the original “Broken Windows” article has the potential to reorient contemporary studies policing, I conclude by locating broken windows theory as an important member of a family of harmful ideas, generated by academics, that have underwritten a wide range of authoritarian policing practices
Provoking Punches: Factors Influencing Perceived Violent Reactions to Negative Situations
Get PDFPurpose: Violence among college students is an important area of research as this group is at an increased risk of both engaging in and being a victim of violence. As such, the current research aimed to examine factors that may influence violent tendencies among a sample of college students.
Method: Data from 101 completed surveys were analyzed. Principal components factor analysis and Cronbach’s alpha resulted in the creation of six independent variables (gun experience, weapons support, anger contagion, witness violence, violent community, and aggressive beliefs) and four dependent variables (competition for resources, social attacks, physical attacks, and unfair situations). OLS regression was used to estimate the impact of each variable on perceptions of reacting with violence to four negative situations.
Results: Gun experience and violent community significantly predicted responding violently to both social and physical attacks, while gun support was only predictive of violence in competition for resources. Additionally, aggressive beliefs predicted perceptions of violent responses to physical attacks and in unfair situations. Finally, anger contagion was associated with students reporting an increased likelihood of responding violently to social attacks.
Conclusions: While research shows the importance of understanding violence exposure and aggressive norms in creating and improving violence prevention programs and anti-violence strategies, the role that perceptions play is largely absent. Furthermore, this research supports the importance of implementing these programs and strategies among college students/young adults to potentially reduce violence and aggression within this age group
Uranyl - PyridylAzo Resorcinol System: Uncertainty Budget Evaluation and Interference Elimination
No full textThe spectrophotometric determination of uranyl ion with 4-(2-Pyridylazo)resorcinol (PAR) is a well known and old method. However this technique gives scope for further research in order to make it more selective as well as sensitive for uranyl ion determination. In this study, the experimental protocol has simplified as compared to previous report. An attempt to evaluate the uncertainty budget associated with the determination has been carried out. The effect of different cationic interferences has been studied and a simple method was developed to reduce the interferences
Optimal Weighting of Preclinical Alzheimer’s Cognitive Composite (PACC) Scales to Improve their Performance as Outcome Measures for Alzheimer’s Disease Clinical Trials
Get PDFIntroduction: Cognitive composite scales constructed by combining existing neuropsychometric tests are seeing wide application as endpoints for clinical trials and cohort studies of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) predementia conditions. Preclinical Alzheimer’s Cognitive Composite (PACC) scales are composite scores calculated as the sum of the component test scores weighted by the reciprocal of their standard deviations at the baseline visit. Reciprocal standard deviation is an arbitrary weighting in this context, and may be an inefficient utilization of the data contained in the component measures. Mathematically derived optimal composite weighting is a promising alternative.
Methods: Sample size projections using standard power calculation formulas were used to describe the relative performance of component measures and their composites when used as endpoints for clinical trials. Power calculations were informed by (n=1,333) amnestic mild cognitive impaired participants in the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center (NACC) Uniform Data Set.
Results: A composite constructed using PACC reciprocal standard deviation weighting was both less sensitive to change than one of its component measures and less sensitive to change than its optimally weighted counterpart. In standard sample size calculations informed by NACC data, a clinical trial using the PACC weighting would require 38% more subjects than a composite calculated using optimal weighting.
Discussion: These findings illustrate how reciprocal standard deviation weighting can result in inefficient cognitive composites, and underscore the importance of component weights to the performance of composite scales. In the future, optimal weighting parameters informed by accumulating clinical trial data may improve the efficiency of clinical trials in AD
Enhancing Hospital Service Quality and Patient Safety through the MIRACLE Model: A Partial Least Squares Equation Approach
Get PDFObjective: Give a background why this model is worthwhile by briefly highlighting the current health system and how this study may help to improve this system. This study aims to assess the impact of the MIRACLE model onquality enhancement and patient safety within healthcare settings.
Study Design: Employing a cross-sectional design, this research centers on four key variables and 19 corresponding indicators. Data were collected using a questionnaire distributed via Google Forms, targeting heads of work units at M. Djamil Central General Hospital in Padang, Indonesia.
Method: The analysis utilizes the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) technique to evaluate variable relationships. The variables studied are Communitarian, Apprenticing Affinity, Managing, and Quality and Patient Safety, with indicators integrated into the questionnaire.
Results: Communitarian and Apprenticing Affinity emerged as influential factors directly impacting quality of health servicesand patient safety, moderated by Managing variable. Research findings reveal a significant positive impact of the Apprenticing Affinity variable on Managing (p-value = 0.013), underlining its significance in hospital management. Moreover, Apprenticing Affinity significantly affects quality and patient safety (p-value = 0.00), highlighting its pivotal role in healthcare enhancement. Similarly, the Communitarian variable significantly influences Managing (p-value = 0.11), notably impacting quality and patient safety (p-value = 0.00). However, Managing alone does not significantly impact quality and patient safety (p-value = 0.15). Indirectly, the research unveils that the Managing-moderated Apprenticing Affinity variable lacks significant influence on quality and patient safety (p-value = 0.268). Similarly, Managing-moderated Communitarian influence does not substantially impact quality and patient safety (p-value = 0.411).
Conclusion: This study highlights the substantial impact of Communitarian and Apprenticing Affinity, moderated by Managing, on quality and patient safety. Notably, Managing alone lacks direct influence. These findings underscore the significance of cultivating collaborative, learning-oriented environments, alongside effective management practices, to bolster healthcare quality and patient safety
Determinant of Mental Emotional Disorder in Adolescent: A Cross-Sectional Study
Get PDFObjective: Adolescence is a critical period for experiencing mental disorders because this age is a transition from adolescence to adulthood, this period is also a determinant of one's mental health in the future. According to survey data from the Indonesia National Adolescent Mental Health Survey (I-NAMHS), which examined the prevalence of adolescent mental disorders in the country reveal that 1 out of 20 (5.5%) adolescents aged 10-17 years in Indonesia were diagnosed with a mental disorder. This study aimed to investigate the degree of risk of poor self-concept clarity, low self-esteem, a lack of peer support, and victims of bullying on mental-emotional disorders incidence in adolescents.
Methods: This research is an observational study using a cross-sectional design. The sample in this study were high school students aged 15-18 years (n = 390) who were randomly selected from four high schools in Kotamobagu City, North Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. The data in this study were analyzed through the Chi-Square test and multiple regression test using the SPSS version 22.0.
Results: This research shows that poor self-concept clarity (adj OR = 5.760; 95%CI = 3.173-10.458; p<0.001), low self-esteem (adj OR =3.647; 95%CI = 1.950-6.818; p<0.001), and victims of bullying (adj OR = 4.204; 95% CI =1.525-11.589; p=0.006) are related to adolescents’ mental-emotional disorders.
Conclusions: It was concluded that the factors that influence mental-emotional disorders in adolescents are poor self-concept clarity, low self-esteem, and being a victim of bullying
The Increased Impact of Mass Mediated Visual Imagery on Christian Oratory
Get PDFThis report conveys speculations having to do with the increased emphasis on visual imagery over aural messages and the subsequent impact on Christian oratory as it relates to evangelism. As we move to being a more visually oriented society, via web based and new communication technologies, aural forms of communication that generally have more emphasis on critical thinking are being displaced by the visual domain that stresses more imaginary associations. A central finding is that the visual dominates at the expense of the aural and the imagination presides over critical thinking
Current Legal Problems in Interpreting International Civil Aviation Law
Get PDFThe progress of international civil aviation law is anchored on two main sources: The Convention on International Civil Aviation (Chicago Convention); and Resolutions adopted by the Assembly of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). These two sources give rise to subsidiary guidance in the form of Annexes to the Convention and manuals on various subjects that address international civil aviation. However, there is no cohesive link between the two sources as well as there being no formal recognition by ICAO of the legal status of Assembly Resolutions, although such resolutions are adopted at each ICAO Assembly with monotonous regularity. Added to this conundrum is the lack of clarity in the interpretation of the Convention itself, which empowers the Council of ICAO to adopt Annexes to the Convention (which, according to the Convention are so named for convenience) while at the same time taking away any legal obligation of the member States to adhere to the Standards contained in the Annexes. This article discusses the nature of international civil aviation law against the backdrop of treaty law and examines the legal issues that arise from the interpretation of the Chicago Convention and Resolutions adopted by the ICAO Assembly