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Triglyceridemic Waist Phenotypes as Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Get PDFIntroduction: Triglyceride waist phenotypes, which combine high triglyceride levels and central obesity, have recently emerged as an area of interest in metabolic disease research.
Objective: To conduct a systematic review (SR) with meta-analysis to determine if triglyceride waist phenotypes are a risk factor for T2DM.
Materials: SR with meta-analysis of cohort studies. The search was conducted in four databases: PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and EMBASE. Participants were classified into four groups, based on triglyceride level and waist circumference (WC): 1) Normal WC and normalConduct triglyceride level (NWNT); 2) Normal WC and high triglyceride level (NWHT), 3) Altered WC and normal triglyceride level (EWNT) and 4) Altered WC and high triglyceride level (EWHT). For the meta-analysis, only studies whose measure of association were presented as Hazard ratio (HR) along with 95% confidence intervals (CI95%) were used.
Results: Compared to people with NWHT, a statistically significant association was found for those with NWHT (HR: 2.65; CI95% 1.77–3.95), EWNT (HR: 2.54; CI95% 2.05–3.16) and EWHT (HR: 4.41; CI95% 2.82–6.89).
Conclusions: There is a clear association between triglyceride waist phenotypes and diabetes, according to this SR and meta-analysis. Although central obesity and high triglyceride levels are associated with a higher risk of the aforementioned disease, their combination appears to pose an even greater risk. Therefore, in the clinical setting, it is important to consider this when assessing the risk of diabetes
The Culture of Business: A Comprehensive Literature Review of Culture and Business
Get PDFThe concepts of national culture play a substantial role in the everyday course of business in modern organizations. Globalization has created an environment where national culture has significant impacts in determining the success of multi-national organizations. This article presents a comprehensive literature review of the topic of culture and business. Focusing on two separate areas of culture (national culture & localized culture) the article seeks to provide clarity to the cultural concepts and finishes with how these concepts impact business decisions and processes. The article provides information to support the key concepts that culture is an important aspect of business and is crucial to the success of multi-national organizations
Achieving Humanist Cities: Learning From Urban Feminism and Feminist Planning
Get PDFAs planners and urbanists continue to debate urban reforms needed to achieve humanist ideals – including just forms of sustainability – several different schools of thought are vying for influence, including cultural urbanism (celebrating the everyday, temporal, occasional, and timeless), pluralist urbanism (aiming for a co-produced city that is more democratic, participatory, and open-ended), and inclusive urbanism (focusing on the right to the city and its accommodations for all populations). Here, we examine feminist urbanism – the specific challenge of gender-equal spaces, particularly public spaces – as a model framework that suggests how the other schools of thought can be combined and translated into practical action. We focus on the nature and importance of public space and the role of gender inclusiveness in assuring public spaces that are more broadly open, participatory, pluralist, and supportive of temporal and everyday activities. We thus find that the emerging concept of feminist urbanism reveals essential issues for a wider humanist urbanism – in particular, who the city is meant to serve and whether the public realm is equitably ‘public’ to all its users. We note major remaining questions and research lacuna to be investigated, and we conclude with several policy and design recommendations
Geographical Global Rural Cultures and Cultures in Particular Geographical Realities: Some Particular Ideas for a Global Debate
Get PDFScientific contributions to global culture are scarce from a rural geographic perspective. The vision of global rural culture is framed between global as a product of particular cultures or as particular cultures contributed to geographically global rural. Furthermore, the emergence of new politics of rural cultures associated with re- and territorialization processes and small tactics in place is analyzed. Finally, the bases are established for the joint and integrated study of the concept and approaches to global rural and global culture in different geographical scenarios in the global South and North
Early Detection of Allergy Symptoms in Children and Adolescents, Characteristics of Possible Pathogens, Pre-Treatment Prevention Measures (in Poland)
No full textBackground: The purpose of this study was to investigate the main allergens and signs of the onset of allergic diseases and explore methods of prevention that do not include medicines.
Methods: Non-parametric statistical methods were used. A retrospective study was conducted, which included 270 case histories. The average age of the patients was 19 (12.5; 40.1) years, 127 (47%) were men and 143 (53%) were women. Clinical diagnoses, early symptoms, allergen spectrum, and treatment recommendations provided by doctors were analyzed. It was established that the early signs of allergic rhinitis and rhinoconjunctivitis are nasal congestion, runny nose, and lacrimation, and the onset of atopic dermatitis is -characterized by dry and itchy skin.
Results: Allergy to triggers from one group was present in 136 (50.4%) patients, irritants from two groups – in 95 (35.2%) patients, and irritants from three groups – in 39 (14.4%) patients. Polish doctors advised patients to limit their exposure to allergens but did not give recommendations for concrete actions.
Conclusion: The results of the study can be used to help in the identification of the most common symptoms of allergic diseases and allergens, which is vital for the early diagnosis of this pathology by clinicians
A Multi-Perspective Analysis of School Bullying in China: An Empirical Study Based on Recent News Reports
Get PDFBullying is a kind of anti-social behavior, which causes physical and mental harm to the victims, and even death in severe cases. Many countries have adopted a "zero tolerance" approach to it and have developed countermeasures early on. In contrast, China's campus bullying incidents are worsening, involving severe and harmful behaviors, the governance has been ineffective, and the whole society has condemned them, and there is limited academic research on the subject. This study analyzes 15 typical incidents reported by news media between 2015 and 2023 using a combination of multiple case studies and literature research. It explores the main characteristics of bullying behavior, the deficiencies in education and laws concerning bullying, etc. The paper proposes intervention measures from four perspectives: governance policy community, family and school education, bystander participation, and laws and regulations. This paper uses many cases to prove that Chinese education needs to learn more from international education experience when dealing with bullying cases, and this is an imperative reform
Low-Cost Production of Chitosan Biopolymer from Seafood Waste: Extraction and Physiochemical Characterization
Get PDFChitosan is an abundant natural biopolymer widely used in industrial and pharmaceutical applications. It stands out for its remarkable biodegradability, biocompatibility, and versatility. Herein, we tried to extract chitosan from mud crab (Scylla spp.), a seafood waste abundantly found in Bangladesh’s growing crab farming industry, via a simple low-cost production route. At first, chitin was extracted from crab shells through demineralization and deproteinization to eliminate minerals and proteins. The chitosan biopolymer was then obtained by deacetylation of purified chitin. To evaluate its physicochemical properties, the as-prepared chitosan was characterized by different analyses, such as water and fat binding capacity, solubility, viscosity, molecular weight, fourier transform-infrared, thermogravimetric, scanning electron microscopy, and ash content analysis. The results showed that the crab shell contains around 26.8% chitosan by dry weight, making it an excellent raw material for the massive production of the natural biopolymer chitosan. The prepared chitosan showed fat and water binding capacities of 200-300% and ~680.9%, respectively. Furthermore, it was highly soluble in 1% acetic acid and had an ash content of about 33.7%. Convincingly, the produced chitosan showed great physiochemical properties making it suitable for biomass efficiency, sustainable development, revenue generation, and biomedical applications. In addition, the recycling of seafood waste into a valued product is beneficial to help keep the environment clean, which is among the sustainability goals in Bangladesh and globally
Gender Representation in the Gwangju Democracy Movement (Gwangju Uprising): A Discussion of the Films A Taxi Driver (2017) and A Petal (1996)
Get PDFBetween 18 and 27 May 1980, South Korea witnessed what became known as the Gwangju Democracy Movement or the Gwangju Uprising. On this occasion, South Korean citizens, especially young people belonging to the student movement, took to the streets of the city demanding democracy and were violently repressed by the government, resulting in a death toll that is still unknown today. This paper aims to analyze two films that deal with the Gwangju Democracy Movement, A Taxi Driver (Hun Jang, 2017) and A Petal (Jang Sun-woo, 1996), focusing mainly on gender issues as the two films differ in this regard: A Taxi Driver has a story centered on male characters and brotherhood between men, while A Petal has as its protagonist a girl who is the victim of various forms of violence as a result of the Gwangju Uprising. We will try to show that the films construct a masculinist representation of the Gwangju Democracy Movement, even when they use female characters. The methodology used is based on Pierre Sorlin's sociology of cinema
Prevalence of Congenital Heart Defects and their Non-Inherited Risk Factors among Children through the Period 2019-2023: A Retrospective Comparative Study
No full textBackground: Congenital heart defects (CHD) are the most common types of congenital disabilities. The frequency of CHD among their patient populations also remains the leading cause of their increased mortality, accounting for an estimated 50% of all causes of death from abnormalities.
Objectives: The study aimed to identify the prevalence of non-inherited risk factors among children with cardiac defects and compare the prevalence of congenital heart defects among children in different governorates in Iraq related to non-inherited risk factors.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective study design was used to study congenital heart defects in children in Babylon Centre for Catheterization and Cardiac Surgery in Al-Imam Sadiq Hospital Babylon province, Iraq, from 15/10/2023 to 13/6/2024. A nonprobability convenience sample of 542 patients aged 0-18 years with CHD was collected by administering a constructed tool for the study. The data were collected from all Iraqi governorates, including the north, center, and south, as well as east and west countries.
Result: The study shows the mean age of children was 2.2 ±9.2 years. The majority of children included were within infant age groups, almost equal in their sexes, giving girl to boy, 1.04:1. The age at screening and diagnosis of Echo was more than half in the first month, and the type of defect was Ventricular-septal-defect (VSD) and Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). The study findings show that there is a statistically significant relationship between risk factors related to maternal medication history, including Folic acid Supplements. Maternal diseases such as Rubella, with CHD, and the highest recorded governorates for congenital heart defects are Baghdad, Mosul, and Diyala.
Conclusions: The study concludes that most children included were within infant age groups, almost equal in their sexes, and the highest recorded governorates for congenital heart defects are Baghdad, Mosul, and Diyala. Also, the most frequent CHD is VSD and TOF, the history of maternal medication use, including folic acid supplements, and maternal diseases such as Rubella were significant factors in assessing the risk or outcome