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Prevalence of Stunting among Children under Five in Pediatric Hospital Al-Hasahisa, Al Jazirah State, Sudan
No full textA cross-sectional descriptive design study was conducted in the pediatric hospital in Al-Hasahisa-Algazera state -Sudan, to ascertain the prevalence of stunting in children under five years old. There are 100 patients in the samples (46 girls and 54 males). The questionnaire used to collect the study's primary data includes questions about participant content, sociodemographics, housing status, health, and nutrition. To estimate the patient's percentage of stunting, anthropometric measures, including height/length for age and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), were also obtained. The data showed that most of the children were raised in nuclear homes.
A significant correlation (P value <0.05) was seen between stunting and mother education. The parents' educational attainment showed that a sizable percentage of fathers (52%) and mothers (45%) were illiterate. According to the findings, 82% of mothers were housewives, and 75% of fathers were employed. This finding demonstrated a significant (P value 0.004) relationship between income level and stunting, with weak income (22%), moderate-income (78%), and no income level. Furthermore, 36% of completed breastfeeders and 37% of non-completers showed a highly significant (P value 0.003) correlation between breastfeeding and stunting. During the course of the study, diarrheal diseases affected 68% of the children, while anemia (27%), malaria (52%), parasitic infections (17%), and chest infections (69%)were the most common conditions. 39% of the kids had severe malnutrition, and 18% had moderate malnutrition. The bulk of them, 78%, were stunted, with the remaining 19% mild, 11% moderate, and 48% severely stunted. According to the report, 35% of stunted children were female, and 43% of stunted children were male
The Impact of Group Psychotherapy on the Mental Health of Servicemen with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Get PDFBeing in a combat zone negatively affects the psycho-emotional state of servicemen, which can lead to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The purpose of the study is to determine whether group psychotherapy is effective in reducing symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder in military personnel. The research methodology is presented by the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5, the World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument, and statistical methods (ANOVA, Levene’s test, and the Mann-Whitney U-test). The results showed that group therapy effectively reduced symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder from 42.5 (SD = 6.1) to 31.2 (SD = 5.7). The practical significance of the results obtained lies in the possibility of their use in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder in military personnel. Prospects for further research lie in studying effective methods of treating other mental disorders in people affected by war
Investigation of the Influence of Al2O3 Particles on the Microhardness and Tensile Strength of PA6 Composites
Get PDFPolyamide is a high-performance synthetic plastic known for its strength, durability, flexibility, chemical resistance, and low cost, making it widely used in engineering, automotive, and electrical. However, the surface and mechanical properties can be further enhanced to meet the growing demands of advanced engineering applications. This study aims to investigate the influence of Al2O3 particles on the hardness of polyamide 6 (PA6). The Al2O3 was mixed with PA6 at weight percentages (wt.%) of 0.3% and 1.5% then were fabricated into composite plates using compression molding and subsequently. As a result, the composites achieved higher microhardness and tensile strength compared to the matrix with increases of 13.3% and 7.3% achieved by incorporating 0.3 wt.% of reinforcement, respectively. This result suggests that Al2O3 has the potential to improve the surface properties and mechanical strength of the matrix material
Investigation on Acoustic and Thermal Properties of Powdered Granular Mask (PGM) Reinforced Green Epoxy Composites
Get PDFThis study investigates the acoustic and thermal properties of powdered granular mask (PGM) reinforced green epoxy (GE) composites, with PGM contents of 30 vol.%, 40 vol.%, and 50 vol.%. The aim is to develop sustainable, high-performance materials with enhanced insulation properties. Among the samples, S4 (PGM/50 vol.% GE) exhibited the highest Noise Reduction Coefficient (NRC) of 0.30, demonstrating excellent acoustic shielding. Increasing the GE content improved the Transmission Loss (TL) by densifying the composite structure, significantly enhancing sound attenuation. In the high-frequency range, S2 (PGM/30 vol.% GE), S3 (PGM/40 vol.% GE), and S4 recorded TL peaks of 39.3 dB, 43.5 dB, and 44.9 dB at 1372 Hz, 1552 Hz, and 1544 Hz, respectively, confirming improved acoustic performance with higher PGM content. Thermal stability also increased with higher GE content, with S4 showing the highest decomposition inflection temperature of 472°C, indicating enhanced heat resistance. The novelty of this work lies in the dual functional benefits of PGM/GE composites, which offer both superior acoustic insulation and thermal stability. These properties make the composites ideal for aircraft flooring systems, particularly in areas such as cockpits and passenger cabins, where both sound insulation and thermal control are critical. The findings underscore the potential of PGM/GE composites for sustainable, high-performance applications requiring both acoustic and thermal management
International Trade with Special Emphasis on the Free Movement of Goods and Services in Kosovo and Beyond
Get PDFCurrent topic in international countries and especially in the member countries of the European Union is free trade, with special emphasis on the freedom of circulation of goods. Based on the legislation in force and the developed practice when it comes to the markets developed between international states, the study in question analyses the specific problems that appear in the markets developed between the individual states of the EU member states. Thus, based on the past and today, the fundamental value of the EU is trade, especially the trade of goods between EU member states, for which special importance has been given in the international legislation concretized for the UN member states. and also, of the EU organization. Thus, based on the past and today, when we focus on free markets, especially trade in goods, it can be seen that EU member states used to have major barriers to trade in goods, while now they have decreased significantly, with some exceptions in the sector of agriculture. More specifically, the member states of the EU organization, with the mandatory observance of the rules set for free trade, are in their favor since, based on the statistics of the past years, tariffs on the import and export of goods have been reduced, and also even in most cases for certain goods the tariffs are completely excluded. In addition to the international states based on the state of Kosovo, from the research done we can say that the state of Kosovo, even though it is not a member state of the UN Organization or the EU, still stands well in terms of free trade of goods, this is due to the fact that free trade agreements have been signed with the countries of the region, a concrete case recently is the agreement with the state of Albania and also the free trade agreement with the countries of Central Europe. Thus, we can say that this study of this paper presents the latest developments related to international free trade with special emphasis on the goods market and analyses the possible economic and political results of international countries
Indirect Infringement of Intellectual Property in International Documents
Get PDFIt is obvious that mere relying on the domestic laws in intellectual property rights studies and neglecting to pay attention to international documents, is not acceptable, because ultimately, it is international documents that determine and explain the rights and obligations of governments in the international arena. Therefore, it seems necessary to study and review these documents and determine their position regarding the indirect infringement of intellectual property rights and the responsibility arising from it. Several international documents regarding the protection of intellectual property rights have been approved by international assemblies. The Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property Rights, the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works (Copyrights), WIPO Internet Treaties and the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS), are among the most important documents in this field. This article is dedicated to examine the position of the indirect infringement of intellectual rights in these documents
Childhood Overweight and Obesity in Morocco: A Systematic Review
Get PDFIntroduction: Childhood overweight and obesity have become pervasive forms of malnutrition affecting Moroccan children, exerting significant impacts on their physical growth and psychological development.
Objective: This study aims to conduct a comprehensive assessment of the epidemiological landscape surrounding childhood overweight and obesity in Morocco. Additionally, it seeks to evaluate the efficacy of national strategies and nutrition programs implemented by the Moroccan Ministry of Health.
Methods: This study gathered data from reputable sources, employing a systematic review approach, including Pubmed, Science Direct, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. The selected articles focused on overweight and obesity within the Moroccan population, with the search period spanning from 2010 to 2020.
Results: The study unveiled many factors associated with childhood overweight and obesity. Intriguingly, overweight is not always synonymous with childhood obesity, though it remains a critical contributing factor.
Conclusion: Childhood overweight and obesity in Morocco show severe forms of malnutrition, eliciting significant concerns within the Moroccan academic community. An urgent imperative is to enhance existing strategic plans to address this issue effectively
The Third Epidemic of Blindness: Early ROP Screening vs. KIDROP Conventional Screening of Retinopathy of Prematurity in Neonates- A Prospective Cohort Study
No full textAim: To assess the benefits of initiating early Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) screening compared to conventional KIDROP screening and study the incidence, severity, and risk factors of ROP.
Methods: Preterm neonates born with weight < 2000 g and/or < 36 weeks of gestation admitted to the Level III-A neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), BLDE (Deemed to be University), Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, were enrolled in the study. The in-house retina specialist performed Early ROP screening at 10-14 days of life, depending on the gestational age at birth. Subsequently, KIDROP conventional screening was done at 3 to 6 weeks of life by the Karnataka Internet Assisted Diagnosis for Retinopathy of Prematurity (KIDROP) team once weekly. ROP findings were recorded as per the standard ICROP norms. The data was analyzed for gestational age, birth weight, and systemic factors predisposing to ROP.
Results: The incidence of Early ROP was 14% (7/50). Of the neonates diagnosed with ROP, 43% had a gestational age of < 30 weeks, and 86% had birth weight in the group 1000- 1500 g. The incidence of type 1 ROP is 28.5% (2/7). The significant predictors of the increased risk of ROP were birth weight, gestational age, prolonged oxygen therapy, synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation (SIMV), sepsis, patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), and nutrition, including MOM & Parenteral Nutrition.
Conclusion: Early enrolment of neonates for ROP screening in the NICU itself ensures early diagnosis and timely intervention and also ensures compliance and routine follow-up of these neonates. 14% had early ROP, which suggests the need to redefine the ROP screening criteria
The Evolution of Domestic Abuse as a Process (DAP) Model: An Initial Statement
Get PDFA new model of intimate partner violence, the Domestic Abuse Process (DAP) model, is presented to address how domestic abuse emerges, evolves, and escalates in a romantic relationship over time. A review of the relevant literature on intimate partner violence, including studies examining the role of resources, relationship goals and means for achieving these goals, and relationship stressors is conducted. Important theories such as symbolic interactionism, strain, intergenerational transmission of violence, and the process model of family violence are also reviewed and discussed within the context of domestic abuse. A short discussion of how the proposed model could be empirically tested using a survey instrument containing numerous items that are administered to respondent couples is provided. Follow-up interviews with respondent couples would be used to clarify survey responses and to obtain more detailed insights into how abuse entered and intensified in respondent relationships. Both quantitative and qualitative analyses would be performed on the subsequent data to glean important factors and patterns empirically involved in the process. The model provides additional insights into intimate partner violence and abuse that could inform treatment practices and policy
Development of New Methods and Materials for the Restoration of Tooth Pulp
Get PDFNowadays, the latest treatment technologies are actively developing in dental practice, namely for the restoration of tooth pulp.
Aim: to evaluate the advantages of using modern materials in the treatment of tooth pulps.
Materials and Methods: We examined 33 patients with pulp diseases: 18 women (54.5%) and 15 men (45.5%) with an average age of (33.2±2.3) years. 18 patients (group I) had conservative treatment; 15 patients (group II) got pulp restoration using Biodentin.
Results: In 33 (100 %) patients of both groups, inflammation of tooth pulps was found; in 5 of 18 (27.8 %) patients of group I and 6 of 15 (40.0 %) patients of group II, the presence of fibrous pulpitis without signs of periodontitis was determined, in patients of group II, 4 of 15 (26.7 %) - acute diffuse pulpitis. Streptococci with α-haemolytic activity, staphylococci and fungi of the genus Candida albicans were detected in the plaque. In 93.3% of patients, both clinical and overall success was achieved with Biodentin, and the frequency of isolation of microorganisms of the genus Streptococcus spp. with α-haemolytic activity and Candida albicans decreased.
Conclusions: Effective pulp restoration, inflammatory process reduction, and conditionally pathogenic microflora suppression were found in patients treated with Biodentin