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Validación estadística del «Rastreador NOVA 27 categorías UPF» como instrumento que captura el consumo de los ultraprocesados
No full textIn Ecuador, overweight and obesity (sp/ob) reach alarmingly high levels of prevalence in the adult and adolescent population. Among the identified drivers that increase the prevalence of sp/ob are sedentary habits, loss of dietary diversity and consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF), which are part of a phenomenon identified as nutritional transition. The development of the agro-industrial sector, together with the urban lifestyle contribute to the change in eating patterns, increasing the risks of chronic non-communicable diseases. This transition occurs when "traditional" diets are replaced by fewer staple foods and higher consumption of UPF. Therefore, it is necessary to have a simple, low-cost instrument that allows permanent and periodic monitoring of UPF caloric intake, in order to have timely data to feed policy and program decisions that protect healthy eating practices and support the need to adopt healthy food production and supply programs.En Ecuador, el sobrepeso y la obesidad (sp/ob) alcanzan altos niveles de prevalencia alarmantes en la población adulta y adolescente. Entre los impulsores identificados que aumentan la prevalencia de sp/ob, están los hábitos sedentarios, la pérdida de diversidad alimentaria y el consumo de alimentos ultraprocesados (UPF) que son parte de un fenómeno identificado como transición nutricional. El desarrollo del sector agroindustrial, junto con el estilo de vida urbano contribuyen al cambio en los patrones de alimentación, aumentando los riesgos de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles. Esta transición ocurre cuando las dietas “tradicionales” son reemplazadas por pocos alimentos básicos y mayor consumo de UPF. Por lo tanto, se hace necesario contar con un instrumento simple, y de bajo costo que permita hacer un seguimiento permanente y periódico de la ingesta calórica UPF, para disponer de datos oportunos que alimenten las decisiones de políticas y programas que protejan las practicas alimentarias saludables y sustenten la necesidad de adoptar programas de producción y oferta de alimentos saludables
Alfombras de Guano: reanudando el tejido suelto de Latinoamérica
Get PDFCraftsmanship is one of the most representative expressions of the intangible heritage of Latin America and the world. However, the advancement of globalization, rise of mass industries and neglect on the part of local consumers have left artisans and their traditional activities helpless. For this reason, despite incentives and assistance, many artisans in the region are facing an imminent artisanal extinction.
This research generates a journey through the history, importance and decline of handicrafts in Latin America in order to understand the cultural and economic values of preserving them. Now that current markets are again valuing manual and personalized work, the case study of the Guano knotted rugs is used to generate three main axes"”associativity, education and connectivity"”to explain the feasibility of promoting Latin American handicrafts in the world. The confrontation of the past of craftsmanship with a better tomorrow explains how the rescue of our artisans can really contribute to us all as a society and, furthermore, push towards the fulfillment of the United Nation"™s SDG to create more sustainable communities and a better future for all.Las artesanías son una de las expresiones más representativas del patrimonio inmaterial de Latinoamérica y el mundo. Sin embargo, el avance de la globalización, el surgimiento de las industrias masificadas y un descuido de parte de los consumidores locales han dejado desamparados a los artesanos y a sus quehaceres tradicionales. Por eso, a pesar de los muchos incentivos y la ayuda, muchos artesanos de la región están enfrentándose a una inminente extinción artesanal.
Esta investigación genera un recorrido a través de la historia, la importancia y el declive de las artesanías en Latinoamérica, para comprender el valor tanto cultural como económico de preservarlas. Ahora que mercados actuales vuelven a valorar el trabajo manual y personalizado, se utiliza el caso de estudio de las alfombras anudadas de Guano para generar tres ejes principales"”asociatividad, educación y conectividad"”que explican la factibilidad de potenciar a las artesanías latinoamericanas en un mundo. La confrontación del pasado de las artesanías con un mejor mañana explica cómo el rescate de los artesanos realmente nos aporta como sociedad y como empuja hacia el cumplimiento de las ODS de la ONU para crear comunidades más sostenibles y un mejor futuro para todos
DISTRIBUTION AND DEPREDATION NOTES OF MOUSTACHED PUFFBIRD Malacoptila mystacalis (BUCCONIDAE) IN NORTHWESTERN ECUADOR
Get PDFKnowledge about the diet of most Neotropical bucconids is still deficient, and this information could be relevant to develop conservation strategies.We present a note on depredation behaviour of Moustached Puffbird Malacoptila mystacalis, including photographic evidence of the swallowing process of a lizard of the genus Anadia. New records of the presence of this species in northwest Ecuador are also presented. This brief note contributes to our knowledge about the diet and distribution of this species in Ecuador.El conocimiento sobre las dietas de la mayoría de los bucónidos neotropicales es aún poco conocido, y esta información puede ser relevante para desarrollar estrategias de conservación.Presentamos una nota de depredación del Buco Bigotudo Malacoptila mystacalis. Incluimos evidencia fotográfica del proceso de deglución de una lagartija del género Anadia. Presentamos, además, nuevos registros de presencia de esta especie en el noroeste de Ecuador. Esta breve nota contribuye al conocimiento sobre la dieta y distribución de esta especie en Ecuador
Memorias del VI Simposio Internacional en Fisiología y Nutrición Vegetal
Get PDFEl Colegio de Ciencias e Ingeniería, Politécnico, y la carrera de Agronomía de la Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, bajo la filosofía de las Artes Liberales, y con el fin de apoyar el desarrollo del sector agrícola y agroindustrial del país organiza el VI Simposio Internacional en Fisiología y Nutrición Vegetal. El Simposio se caracteriza por la exposición de temas de interés técnico-científico, con un enfoque aplicado al manejo para la producción agrícola. En esta ocasión se abordarán los siguientes temas:• Nutrición y metabolismo• Luz y sus respuestas fisiológicas• Microbiomas vegetales• Defensas vegetalesPor su naturaleza, el evento está dirigido a profesionales del sector agrícola e investigativo, al igual que a estudiantes de las distintas instituciones vinculadas al sector. El objetivo de este tipo de evento es incentivar el interés del estudio sobre el funcionamiento de plantas, que ayuden al sector agrícola a resolver los diversos problemas prácticos usando los conocimientos de la fisiología vegetal
Cláusulas restrictivas de responsabilidad: análisis de su validez en el ordenamiento jurídico ecuatoriano
Get PDFThis paper developed the debate of the validity of restrictive liability clauses in the Ecuadorian legal system. Therefore, two positions were analyzed: the first one holds that the clauses are invalid because it is considered that agreeing on them within the contractual sphere constitutes a waiver of the right of action and encourages the debtor\u27s negligence. The second one allows their agreement if it doesn’t violate the general and special limits to the autonomy of the will. To establish which thesis should be applied in the Ecuadorian legal system, comparative doctrine and jurisprudence were studied based on the legal regulations. Hence, it was established that the restrictive liability clauses are valid. The essay concludes that such clauses don’t constitute a waiver of the right of action, since their covenant is prior to the existence of this right, which is born with the breach.El presente trabajo desarrolló el debate sobre la validez de las cláusulas restrictivas de responsabilidad en el ordenamiento jurídico ecuatoriano. Para lo cual, se analizaron dos posturas: la primera sostiene la invalidez de las cláusulas por considerar que el pactarlas en el ámbito contractual, constituye una renuncia al derecho de acción e impulsa la negligencia del deudor. La segunda, por el contrario, permite su pacto siempre que no vulnere los límites generales y especiales a la autonomía de la voluntad. Para establecer cuál debe aplicarse en el sistema jurídico ecuatoriano, se estudió doctrina comparativa y jurisprudencia sobre la base de las normas legales que permiten sostener dichas posturas. Así, se estableció que las cláusulas restrictivas de responsabilidad son válidas. El ensayo concluye que dichas cláusulas no constituyen una renuncia al derecho de acción, pues su estipulación se realiza previo a la existencia de este derecho que nace con el incumplimiento
Análisis de la expresión del gen de la S-RNasa en cruzas controladas de Prunus serotina subsp. Capulí
Get PDFThe capulí tree (Prunus serotina subsp. capuli) belongs to the Rosaceae family and is native to North America, although it is widely distributed in cold and temperate areas of South America, especially in Ecuador. Its fruit is a small berry of high commercial interest due to the therapeutic substances it contains, such as antioxidants, associated with the treatment of cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases. Both national producers and ancestral communities use it for the production of jams and fermented beverages and/or spirits. However, there are no agricultural crops established as such in Ecuador, so it is interesting to study their reproduction mechanisms in order to apply them in agricultural and reforestation programs. In species such as P. serotina, it is important to understand the GSI (gametophytic self-incompatibility) mechanism that has evolved in hermaphrodite flowers to avoid inbreeding and that implies a limitation for fruit production. GSI is controlled by the S Locus, consisting of the S-RNase gene (expressed in the pistil) and the SFB gene (expressed in the pollen). The dynamic between the two genes activates or deactivates certain proteins that influence the compatibility or incompatibility of a specific cross, functioning as a molecular complex like a lock and a key. This system prevents crosses between genetically related individuals from generating fruits, since it truncates the growth of pollen tubes, preventing them from reaching the ovary for fertilization. The objective of this research was to study the expression of the S-RNase gene in compatible and incompatible crosses of capuli. For this purpose, controlled pollinations were carried out, RNA was extracted and RT-qPCR was performed. With the Ct values obtained from the qPCRs, statistical analyses were performed to determine the significance of gene expression between compatible and incompatible crosses. The study was complemented with an analysis of pollen tube development in different crosses to understand the relationship with S-RNase gene expression. The results suggest that, in the case of capuli, a suppression of the GSI system may occur, causing crosses considered incompatible to act as compatible.El árbol de capulí (Prunus serotina subsp. capulí) pertenece a la familia Rosaceae y es originario de América del Norte, aunque se encuentra ampliamente distribuido en zonas frías y templadas de Sudamérica, especialmente en Ecuador. Su fruto es una baya pequeña de alto interés comercial debido a las sustancias terapéuticas que contiene como antioxidantes, asociados al tratamiento de enfermedades cardiovasculares e inflamatorias. Tanto productores nacionales como pueblos ancestrales lo utilizan para la elaboración de mermeladas y bebidas fermentadas y/o espirituosas. Sin embargo, no existen cultivos agrícolas establecidos como tales en el Ecuador, por lo que resulta interesante estudiar sus mecanismos de reproducción para aplicarlos en programas de agricultura y reforestación. En especies como P. serotina es interesante entender el mecanismo GSI (gametophytic self-incompatibility) que ha evolucionado en flores hermafroditas para evitar la endogamia y que implica una limitación para la producción de frutos. El GSI es controlado por el Locus S, conformado por el gen de la S-RNasa (expresado en el pistilo) y el gen SFB, (expresado en el polen). La dinámica entre los dos genes activa o desactiva ciertas proteínas que influyen en la compatibilidad o incompatibilidad de una determinada cruza, funcionando como un complejo molecular a modo de llave y cerradura. Este sistema evita que cruzas entre individuos genéticamente emparentados puedan generar frutos, ya que trunca el crecimiento de tubos polínicos que no pueden llegar al ovario a fecundar. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo estudiar la expresión del gen de la S-RNasa, en cruzas compatibles e incompatibles del capulí. Para esto, se realizaron polinizaciones controladas, se extrajo ARN y se realizó una RT-qPCR. Con los valores Ct obtenidos de las qPCR, se realizaron análisis estadísticos para determinar la significancia de la expresión génica entre las cruzas compatibles e incompatibles. Se complementó el estudio con un análisis del desarrollo de tubos polínicos en las distintas cruzas para entender la relación con la expresión del gen de la S-RNasa. Los resultados alcanzados sugieren que, en el caso del capulí, puede suceder una supresión del sistema GSI, provocando que cruzas consideradas como incompatibles actúen como compatibles
Inviting junior researchers to contribute to ACI Avances en Ciencias e Ingenierías
Get PDFAs we (editors and USFQ Press staff ) have carried out various activities to improve theexperience of the users of ACI Avances en Ciencias e Ingenierías (our authors, readers,reviewers, and editors), I would like to extend a special invitation to junior researchers tocontribute articles to our scientific journal.ACI Avances en Ciencias e Ingenierías is working on obtaining indexation in variousinternationally renowned databases. For example, our journal is not yet indexed inScopus. As such, junior researchers may find it less intimidating to submit their article toACI Avances en Ciencias e Ingenierías.Among the benefits of submitting to our journal, the editors of ACI Avances en Cienciase Ingenierías can give personal feedback to authors when needed. For those authorsto whom the review process is not clear, we provide explanations and assistance asnecessary. I am convinced that all researchers are capable of publishing articles, but thatsometimes the unwritten rules of academic publishing (which forms part of the hiddencurriculum of academia) form a barrier to publication. As editor-in-chief of ACI Avancesen Ciencias e Ingenierías, I prefer to explain the expectations to authors, rather than todesk reject a submission because it does not tick all the boxes.Over the past months, I have worked with authors by helping them understandthe various steps in the editorial workflow. With great pleasure, I have explained theexpectations for submissions and the function of the similarity report, provided guidanceon the expectations on the letter with replies to the reviewers, and explained the varioussteps after article acceptance. I would like to iterate to junior researchers that I would behappy to guide them through the process as well. At no point would I interfere with thetechnical contents of a submission; rather, I am here to make the academic publishingprocess clearer to those who may not be familiar with it.To shine a light on the peer review process and academic publishing in general,the staff at USFQ Press and I have organized various workshops at Universidad SanFrancisco de Quito for all faculty members specifically geared towards explaining theinner workings of the editorial workflows and the peer review process. We have alsoorganized a training for students on how to write scientific articles for publication. Ihope that these trainings will serve our community of researchers and that we will beable to welcome contributions from our junior faculty members and students in theupcoming period.
I would also like to clarify that ACI Avances en Ciencias e Ingenierías receives a variety ofsubmissions, including traditional research articles, short communications, and reviews.For those who are interested in sharing the findings of a research project of small scope,or a particular observation, a short communication can be the right type of submission.Moreover, as short communications are more limited in scope, they can be a greatopportunity to get a first experience with the peer review process and publishingin a scientific journal. For those who are starting a new line of research, or who havecarried out a preliminary or feasibility study, a review article can be an excellent way tocommunicate the findings to the broader scientific community.I would like to conclude by repeating that publishing in academic journals is possible forall those who carry out research: students and faculty members alike. If you want to gainexperience with this process, know that with ACI Avances en Ciencias e Ingenierías we arewilling to guide you through the peer review system with personalized advice. We highlyvalue the contributions of junior researchers, and as such, I hope to read about your work,your thoughts, and your insights in a future issue of ACI Avances en Ciencias e Ingenierías.As we (editors and USFQ Press staff ) have carried out various activities to improve theexperience of the users of ACI Avances en Ciencias e Ingenierías (our authors, readers,reviewers, and editors), I would like to extend a special invitation to junior researchers tocontribute articles to our scientific journal.ACI Avances en Ciencias e Ingenierías is working on obtaining indexation in variousinternationally renowned databases. For example, our journal is not yet indexed inScopus. As such, junior researchers may find it less intimidating to submit their article toACI Avances en Ciencias e Ingenierías.Among the benefits of submitting to our journal, the editors of ACI Avances en Cienciase Ingenierías can give personal feedback to authors when needed. For those authorsto whom the review process is not clear, we provide explanations and assistance asnecessary. I am convinced that all researchers are capable of publishing articles, but thatsometimes the unwritten rules of academic publishing (which forms part of the hiddencurriculum of academia) form a barrier to publication. As editor-in-chief of ACI Avancesen Ciencias e Ingenierías, I prefer to explain the expectations to authors, rather than todesk reject a submission because it does not tick all the boxes.Over the past months, I have worked with authors by helping them understandthe various steps in the editorial workflow. With great pleasure, I have explained theexpectations for submissions and the function of the similarity report, provided guidanceon the expectations on the letter with replies to the reviewers, and explained the varioussteps after article acceptance. I would like to iterate to junior researchers that I would behappy to guide them through the process as well. At no point would I interfere with thetechnical contents of a submission; rather, I am here to make the academic publishingprocess clearer to those who may not be familiar with it.To shine a light on the peer review process and academic publishing in general,the staff at USFQ Press and I have organized various workshops at Universidad SanFrancisco de Quito for all faculty members specifically geared towards explaining theinner workings of the editorial workflows and the peer review process. We have alsoorganized a training for students on how to write scientific articles for publication. Ihope that these trainings will serve our community of researchers and that we will beable to welcome contributions from our junior faculty members and students in theupcoming period.
I would also like to clarify that ACI Avances en Ciencias e Ingenierías receives a variety ofsubmissions, including traditional research articles, short communications, and reviews.For those who are interested in sharing the findings of a research project of small scope,or a particular observation, a short communication can be the right type of submission.Moreover, as short communications are more limited in scope, they can be a greatopportunity to get a first experience with the peer review process and publishingin a scientific journal. For those who are starting a new line of research, or who havecarried out a preliminary or feasibility study, a review article can be an excellent way tocommunicate the findings to the broader scientific community.I would like to conclude by repeating that publishing in academic journals is possible forall those who carry out research: students and faculty members alike. If you want to gainexperience with this process, know that with ACI Avances en Ciencias e Ingenierías we arewilling to guide you through the peer review system with personalized advice. We highlyvalue the contributions of junior researchers, and as such, I hope to read about your work,your thoughts, and your insights in a future issue of ACI Avances en Ciencias e Ingenierías
Processing of secondary radiation and cosmic ray data measured at flight altitudes with the pixel detector Timepix
Get PDFExperimental data of the secondary radiation field and cosmic rays inside passenger aircraft in the atmosphere at airline altitudes (10-12 km) were processed. High-resolution data were measured by the semiconductor pixel detector Timepix operated in a miniaturized radiation camera MiniPIX-Timepix. The detector provides precise characterization with quantum sensitivity in terms of deposited energy and visualization of the charged particle radiation and X-ray field. The data were processed at the pre-processing and processing level with an integrated SW tool (Data Processing Engine-DPE). Results and physics data products consist of particle flux, dose rate, deposited energy, deposited dose, field composition into broad particle classes (protons, electrons, X-rays) as well as detailed visualization of the radiation field with quantum imaging registration of single-particle tracks. In this work, the detailed analysis of two measurements, as well as comparative graphs of selected results between ten flights are presented. Results of the total absorbed dose are compared with values measured also by Timepix detectors on ground and in LEO orbit onboard a satellite.En este trabajo se procesaron datos experimentales del campo de radiación mixta medidos en el interior de aviones de pasajeros en la atmósfera a altitudes aéreas (10-12 km). Los datos detallados fueron medidos por el detector de píxeles semiconductor Timepix operado en una cámara de radiación miniaturizada MiniPIX-Timepix, el cual proporciona caracterización precisa, sensibilidad cuántica en términos de energía depositada y la visualización de radiación de partículas cargadas. Los datos se procesaron con una herramienta SW integrada (Data Processing Engine-DPE). Los resultados y productos de parámetros físicos consisten en flujo de partículas, tasa de dosis, energía depositada, dosis depositada, composición del campo en amplias clases de partículas (protones,electrones,rayosX), así como la visualización detallada del campo de radiación y registro de imágenes cuánticas de huellas de partículas individuales. Se presenta el análisis detallado de dos mediciones, así como gráficos comparativos de resultados seleccionados entre todos los vuelos. Los resultados de la dosis total absorbida se comparan con los valores medidos en tierra y en órbita LEO a bordo de un satélite
Los lentes de la ESI: prácticas visuales y poéticas desde (y hacia) otros cuerpos
Get PDFIn this article, I reflect on the didactic use of photography in a high school Literature class as a contribution to the construction of a gendered looking from the perspective of the ESI. To do so, I analyze a poetic text created by a female student where the relationship between image and words beyond comparison (Mitchell, 2018) reveal the marks and oppression caused by the stereotypical idea of beauty that regulates women and feminized bodies.En este artículo presento una reflexión acerca del uso didáctico de la fotografía en una clase de Literatura de la escuela secundaria como un aporte para la construcción de una mirada sexogenerizada en el marco de la Educación Sexual Integral (ESI). Para ello, analizo un texto poético creado por una estudiante donde lo fotográfico y lo verbal se entraman más allá de la comparación (Mitchell, 2018) para revelar las marcas y la opresión provocadas por el mandato de belleza hegemónico que regula a las mujeres y a los cuerpos feminizados