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Women and Trade: Gender\u27s Impact on Trade Finance and Fintech
Get PDFWoman-owned firms engage differently with finance for trade. The barriers they face in starting and running a business are well-known. Yet, this offers little insight into how they finance their business once globalized. Surveys indicate that finance is often the primary barrier to trade. We seek to deepen and modernize this finding by using a unique data set to explore the patterns of financial access exhibited by woman-owned exporting firms. We show that women face two levels of exclusion in access to finance—access to basic finance and access to trade finance. The latter is driven by characteristics common to firms owned by women. Also, in line with existing work, we show that woman-owned firms tend to turn to informal finance as an alternative more than their male counterparts. However, we also show that women are more likely to adopt fintech as a financial solution than men. This suggests that policies aimed at incentivizing banks to lend more to women may not be solving the right problem
Python for Archivists: Breaking Down Barriers Between Systems
Get PDF[Excerpt] Working with a multitude of digital tools is now a core part of an archivist’s skillset. We work with collection management systems, digital asset management systems, public access systems, ticketing or request systems, local databases, general web applications, and systems built on smaller systems linked through application programming interfaces (APIs). Over the past years, more and more of these applications have evolved to meet a variety of archival processes. We no longer expect a single tool to solve all our needs and embraced the “separation of concerns” design principle that smaller, problem-specific and modular systems are more effective than large monolithic tools that try to do everything. All of this has made the lives of archivists easier and empowered us to make our collections more accessible to our users.
Yet, this landscape can be difficult to manage. How do we get all of these systems that rely on different software and use data in different ways to talk to one another in ways that help, rather than hinder, our day to day tasks? How do we develop workflows that span these different tools while performing complex processes that are still compliant with archival theory and standards? How costly is it to maintain these relationships over time as our workflows evolve and grow? How do we make all these new methods simple and easy to learn for new professionals and keep archives from being even more esoteric
Body Cameras for the Buffalo Police: Best Practices for Policy Creation
Get PDFThis policy brief was drafted by Sarah Wooton, policy analyst at Partnership for the Public Good. It recommends that the Buffalo Police Department adopt policies governing the use of body cameras with a focus on six areas: activation, pre-report viewing, footage retention, footage protection, public disclosure of footage, and public input. Research suggests that simply adding body cameras may not improve policing without strong policies in each of these six areas
BLS Spotlight on Statistics: Expenditures on Admissions to the Arts, Movies, Sporting Events, and other Entertainment
Get PDFIn 2015, American consumers spent an average of $652 on admissions to the arts, movies, sporting events, and other entertainment and recreational activities. In 2012, 70 percent of U.S. adults attended a live performing arts or sporting event or went to the movies.
This Spotlight on Statistics uses data from the Consumer Expenditure Survey and the Survey of Public Participation in the Arts to profile consumer spending and attendance at arts, sports, and entertainment events.For additional context, the Spotlight also examines selected personal consumption expenditure estimates from the Arts and Cultural Production Satellite Account
Highlights of Women\u27s Earnings in 2016
Get PDF[Excerpt] In 2016, women who were full-time wage and salary workers had median usual weekly earnings that were 82 percent of those of male full-time wage and salary workers. In 1979, the first year for which comparable earnings data are available, women’s earnings were 62 percent of men’s. Most of the growth in women’s earnings relative to men’s occurred in the 1980s and 1990s. Since 2004, the women’s-to-men’s earnings ratio has remained in the 80 to 83 percent range. (See chart 1 and tables 1 and 12.)
This report presents earnings data from the Current Population Survey (CPS), a national monthly survey of 60,000 eligible households conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). The weekly and hourly earningsestimates in this report reflect information collected from one-fourth of the CPS monthly sample and averaged for the calendar year. These data are distinct from the annual earnings estimates for full-time, year-round workers collected separately in the Annual Social and Economic Supplement (ASEC) to the CPS and published by the U.S. Census Bureau
Nancy Zimpher: Perceptions from an “Unusual” SUNY Trustee
Get PDF{Excerpt] Subject to the approval of the NYS Senate, the Governor appoints 15 people to the 18 person SUNY Board of Trustees. The other three members are the nonvoting presidents of the statewide 4-year and 2-year SUNY campus faculty governance bodies and the president of the statewide SUNY student governance unit. The latter is a voting member, however as I shall argue below, I believe that whether these 3 members can vote is almost irrelevant to the roles they play and their importance as board members
Challenges Facing “Pay-What-You-Can-Afford” Tuitions at Public Universities
Get PDFPay-What-You-Can-Afford (PWYCA) tuition structures are a suggested way to offset declines in state appropriations to public higher education, without limiting access for qualified low-income students. The concept implements high tuition, high aid tuitions routinely employed at private universities, effectively replacing private endowment income with state appropriations. The idea involves setting resident tuitions at non-resident rates minus the state appropriation per resident, and then using the subsequent incremental tuition revenue to subsidize low-income residents. This fairness-based approach in public higher education ignores: i) how non-resident tuitions are determined; ii) the welfare effects of introducing inefficient distortions in relative demand patterns; and iii) the likely accompanying decline in state appropriations. Here, the tuition-setting rules associated with PWYCA are derived, rather than being imposed, as solutions to a welfare-maximizing model in which non-residents pay fully-allocated costs and state appropriations are endogenous. University of Michigan budget, enrollment, and tuition data are used to illustrate the implications of selecting alternative high tuition, high aid tuition structures. Because demand-side inefficiencies are introduced, both welfare and, importantly, the state appropriation decline with implementation of PWYCA. While the decline in welfare is modest, the redistribution of value among residents, non-residents, and state taxpayers is substantial
