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Learning, Training, and Development in Organizations: Emerging Trends, Recent Advances, and Future Directions
Get PDFDramatic changes have occurred in learning, training, and development in organizations in recent years. This chapter examines the implications of these changes for research in four areas: (1) training design and delivery, (2) team training and development, (3) training transfer, and (4) training evaluation. We suggest that research in these areas not only has been most heavily impacted by recent trends in training and development but also can help guide the field as it responds to emerging opportunities and challenges. We review recent research that advances our understanding of how to design and deliver training to meet the needs of a changing workplace, utilize training and development to influence team effectiveness, increase the transfer of training to the job, and strengthen efforts to evaluate the effectiveness training and development initiatives. We also discuss directions for future research aimed at ensuring that the science of training keeps pace with changes in training practice
Salary-Setting Mechanisms Across the EU
Get PDFEurofound has a considerable body of research findings looking at how salary levels are set in EU Member States. This report looks at the mechanisms used to determine statutory minimum wages, the use of variable pay schemes in companies in the EU, and national systems of supplementary pay. The analysis finds that variable pay usually represents a fairly significant percentage of total salary levels, ranging from 5% to 11% in most of the countries where information is available. This ad hoc report was drawn up in response to a request from the Bulgarian EU Presidency to provide information on current debates in the country
Gender Equality and the Sustainable Development Goals in Asia and the Pacific: Baseline and Pathways for Transformative Change by 2030
Get PDF[Excerpt] The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development places gender equality and the empowerment of women and girls at the heart of its implementation with its promise to “leave no one behind”. It provides an unprecedented opportunity to transform the lives of women and girls and to catalyse progress towards sustainable development in all dimensions: economic, social and environmental. With its universal and transformative mandate, the 2030 Agenda outlines a set of 17 integrated Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and targets to achieve our common aspiration for a more equitable and inclusive world.
The Asian Development Bank (ADB) and the United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women (UN Women) signed a Memorandum of Understanding in June 2016, in which the two organizations pledged to strengthen their partnership and cooperation to promote gender equality and women’s empowerment in Asia and the Pacific. In this spirit, Gender Equality and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Asia and the Pacific: Baseline and Pathways for Transformative Change by 2030 is a joint undertaking by ADB and the UN Women Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific. It reflects the high-level commitment of both organizations to supporting national efforts and regional cooperation to accelerate progress towards gender equality and gender-responsive implementation of the SDGs.
As countries have embarked on this collective journey, this publication provides the first assessment of the current situation of women and girls in the region, based on available and comparable data from official national and international sources. It establishes a baseline for governments and policy makers to monitor and accelerate progress towards gender equality commitments in the SDGs, which are captured in the stand-alone SDG 5 and as a cross-cutting priority across all SDGs. The report identifies data gaps and underscores the necessity of heightened urgency to improve production and use of gender statistics for evidence-based SDG localization. It also provides valuable insight into key catalysts and policy recommendations to assist countries to achieve gender equality by 2030. The key to success lies in coherent and coordinated efforts to harness the synergies between achieving gender equality and realising all of the SDGs.
Gender equality must be addressed in its own right and as a catalyst of progress across the SDGs. The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development calls for integrated responses to the social, economic and environmental challenges facing us today. This means going beyond conventional approaches to development, leveraging effective cross-sectoral partnerships and new financing models, and harnessing innovative technology that will bring about concrete changes to the lives of women and girls. Overcoming deeply entrenched gender inequality would transform the world, empowering everyone to realise their full potential and live a life of dignity. This publication provides invaluab effort to make gender equality and sustainable development a reality for all
Export Boom, Employment Bust? The Paradox of Indonesia\u27s Displaced Workers, 2000-2014
Get PDFIn Indonesia, an export boom and rapid, sustained gross domestic product (GDP) growth in the decade after 2000 was accompanied by real earnings that were flat on average, and even declined for many workers. Conventional models of growth and trade predict that labor productivity rises as an economy develops; that this should not be observed during a period of high GDP growth is a puzzle that merits careful investigation. In this paper we explore these seemingly paradoxical trends using several waves of a panel of individual employment data. Economic growth is rarely balanced in a sectoral sense, and the nature of the structural change experienced by Indonesia is also strongly associated with lower competitiveness in sectors in which formal employment rates are high, causing some degree of involuntary labor movement from formal to informal modes of employment. We explore this econometrically and find that the earnings of workers displaced from formal to informal jobs are significantly lower than those of workers who remain in the formal market. The fact of this displacement, and its implications for individual earnings, undercuts conventional thinking about the welfare gains from a sustained growth experience. Our findings add, perhaps for the first time, a developing country dimension to the existing job displacement literature. They also shed some light on the causes of Indonesia’s unprecedented increase in inequality during the same growth period
Disability in the Workplace in China: Situation Assessment
Get PDFA compelling argument can be made that employment of people with disabilities should be gaining recognition as an underutilized weapon in the talent wars of Asia. One has only to look at the proportion of people with disabilities that make up our communities, the continuing employment disparities that people with disabilities continue to face and the resulting high levels of poverty for this population – up against the talent shortages in fast-growth markets across the region.
As China’s skewed demographic dynamics become increasingly apparent, resulting in a rapidly aging population and a diminishing supply of workforce entrants, an increasing share of the workforce will include older employees with disabilities, necessitating a fundamental change in workplace practices involving people with disabilities, as well as a greater need to look at persons with disabilities as a potential source of talent. Although China has created a broad legislative framework to protect the right to work for persons with disabilities, it lacks specificity and clear measures of enforcement, as evidenced in continued employment marginalization, poor educational outcomes, and thus higher poverty levels of persons with disabilities.
To further understanding of workforce inclusion of persons with disabilities in China, and to identify practical ways forward for employers, The Conference Board China Center and the K. Lisa Yang and Hock E. Tan Institute on Employment and Disability (YTI) at Cornell University’s ILR School partnered to explore how companies can tap the talent pool of people with disabilities and improve their employment outcomes. The scope of the research encompassed a series of interviews with disability rights-focused NGOs in China, a detailed literature review, a comprehensive review of China’s regulatory framework supporting employment for persons with disabilities, and a detailed assessment of the demographics of disability and the status of people with disabilities in China such as prevalence rates, access to education, employment disparities and resulting poverty and household income rates.
This report draws from the broader research findings and provides business practitioners with an overview of the current situation, challenges, and root causes of employment barriers for persons with disabilities in China.
To complement this work, The China Center and YTI convened a practitioner roundtable in Beijing in September 2018. Participants explored in detail how the official, publicly available data on living and working conditions of persons with disabilities compare to actual experiences of employers in China, whether companies are actively recruiting disabled workers, what the internal and external obstacles are to recruitment, and what the impact of the government quota system is, for good or for bad. A separate report on this roundtable is also availabl
Employment Data for Buffalo-Niagara
Get PDFUnemployment in each geographic area shot upward in the wake of the 2008 financial crisis, but declined in 2013, 2014, 2015, and 2016. In 2017, unemployment rose in the city and region while falling in the state and nation
New Tasks in Old Jobs: Drivers of Change and Implications for Job Quality
Get PDFThis overview report summarises the findings of 20 case studies looking at recent changes in the task content of five manufacturing occupations (car assemblers, meat processing workers, hand-packers, chemical products plant and machine operators and inspection engineers) as a result of factors such as digital transformations, globalisation and offshoring, increasing demand for high quality standards and sustainability. It also discusses some implications in terms of job quality and working life.
The study reveals that the importance of physical tasks in manufacturing is generally declining due to automation; that more intensive use of digitally controlled equipment, together with increasing importance of quality standards, involve instead a growing amount of intellectual tasks for manual industrial workers; and that the amount of routine task content is still high in the four manual occupations studied.
Overall, the report highlights how qualitative contextual information can complement existing quantitative data, offering a richer understanding of changes in the content and nature of jobs
Just Transitions in a Public School Food System: The Case of Buffalo, New York
Get PDFThis article examines the public school food system in Buffalo, New York, for a just transition (Movement Generation, n. d.). School food programs built on just transition characteristics democratize engagement, decentralize decision-making, diversify the economy, decrease consumption, and redistribute resources and power
The Consequences of Being Unbanked in Buffalo
Get PDFThis policy brief was drafted by Jessica Gilbert, a research associate at the Partnership for the Public Good and a Ph.D. student in geography at the University at Buffalo. It offers national and local information about people who lack bank accounts and describes some of the impacts of being “unbanked,” including reliance on exploitative services such as check cashing, rent to own stores, and pawn shops. This research supports the work of the Buffalo Niagara Community Reinvestment Coalition, which fights for banking reform, community reinvestment, and access to fair and affordable housing that provides all residents with the opportunity, capacity, and resources to live in stable communities and build wealth
Good Food Purchasing for the Buffalo Public Schools
Get PDFThis policy brief provides a snapshot of the current status of school food at Buffalo Public Schools and several ongoing school food improvement initiatives