Journal of Technology Management for Growing Economies
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Adoption of Cloud Computing in India
Get PDFThe researcher looks at adoption and applicability of cloud computing to e-governance in India. Data has been gathered via structured questionnaire from stakeholders of various businesses - public & private sector of India, including Indian IT companies that offer cloud computing solutions to clients. The study takes a balanced and unbiased view of cloud computing with focus on India, to figure out the key factors that lead to its adoption using factor analysis and whether these factors could be the drivers for its adoption in e-governance. Cloud computing has picked up in developed markets and is starting to pick up in India. For enterprises, SMB, Government, NGO & individuals - it reduces initial investments, results in cost savings, gives flexibility, scalability, service on demand, device independency and anytime accessibility and reduces key data loss in the event of hardware crash, loss or theft. However, it has issues like confidentiality, information security, legal & regulatory challenges and malicious attacks as data gets stored in a distributive internet cloud, generally beyond any nation\\\'s geography. The intended target audience for this research are Union & State Governments, Large Municipal Corporations, National Federation of Urban cooperative and credit bank societies Ltd
R&D Management Trends in the United States, India and China
Get PDFThis study researches the Management of Research and Development (R&D) in the emerging economies of India and China and compares theirs with R&D in the United States (US). The purpose of this research is to forecast the future of R&D in these three countries. Because R&D is changing rapidly, particularly in China, understanding where they will be in the future is of interest to the scientific, academic, government and business segments of each country. Our research consisted of gathering industry standard measures of R&D from 1996 through 2009. These measures are as follows: R&D spending as a percentage of GDP (total government, industry and universities), researchers per million inhabitants, number of patents granted each year, number publications each year and total number of graduates in all programs in thousands. We gathered and logged the metrics for each year from 1996 through 2009 and used the historical data to forecast future positioning of R&D in these countries. An overview of each country is provided in the introductory portion of this paper. This provides the context for the historical performance of R&D and for expected future performance of R&D in the US, India and China
A Perspective on Frugality in Growing Economies: Triggering a Virtuous Cycle between Consumption Propensity and Growth
Get PDFThe relationship between Growing economies have recovered from the global financial crisis faster than many developed economies and increased the consumption significantly over the past years. In light of the role of their consumption growth in global sustainability, this paper analyzes the decisive factors leading to a virtuous cycle between consumption propensity and investment in growing economies. An empirical analysis was conducted to identify the contributing factors to such a cycle in 40 countries. They could be divided into three economic groups by the marginal propensity to consume. The results suggest that growing economies suffer from an autarky cycle between consumption and GDP due to insufficient investment elasticity against consumption elasticity while advancing and advanced economies allow GDP growth to induce investment efficiently. A possible trigger for inducement of investment by growth in growing economies can be 'frugality'
Hybrid Management of Technology for Global Co-evolution: Insight from Singapore's Water Industry
Get PDFEnsuring a sustainable water supply is crucial in all economies. Technological breakthrough has made possible the idea of using membranes to treat water. Recycling water and desalination are substitutes for the traditional water treatment process. While sea water is plentiful, the process of desalination depends largely on electricity, making the process costly. Singapore's success in NEWater (recycled water) depended on its stepwise advancement of membrane technology with sophisticated complementary engineering systems based on advanced information technology. This advancement contributes to electricity efficiency improvement in desalination which in turn accelerates dramatic advancement of the complementary engineering systems. Synergistic effects between NEWater and desalination can be expected by constructing a hybrid management of technology fusing indigenous strength and the effect of learning leading to a new phase in Singapore's NEWater development and also the trigger of its desalination endeavor. By means of an empirical analysis of Singapore's pioneer challenge, this paper demonstrates the significance of this endeavor for global sustainability
Using Customer-Facing Technology to Create New Business Value: Insight From the Public and Private Sector into the Changing Value Equation
Get PDFThe objective of this research was to address two main questions regarding self-service and the changing value equation: Has the self-service value equation changed in the current downturn? How can organizations leverage information systems and customer facing technology to create new value for customers and even attract more customers? Qualitative data collection and analysis of in depth interviews of public and private sector organizations in the US and Australia were conducted from 2007-2010. To ensure accuracy and to promote triangulation, notes from interviews were transcribed, reviewed and verified by key actors in order to increase the reliability of the study (Yin, 1994). The data was coded following the methods described by Yin (1994) and Miles and Huberman (1984). Nvivo software was used for this analysis. Some organizations within the public and private sectors are surviving the economic downturn by leveraging technology to do “more with less” in order to deliver better services to customers. This has been achieved by identifying what costumers value most in order to ensure loyalty: choice, control and convenience. These organizations are particularly focusing on “customer loyalty” and “customer delight” as metrics for success. Many organizations both public and private are struggling with the challenge of identifying value, coupling that with technology strategy and delivering value. This case research provides policy makers and business practitioners with practical insight into value creation for customers or citizens using customer-facing technology
HP Labs India's Technology to Make Printed Paper Documents Tamper-Proof
Get PDFProof “The objective of this paper is to discuss the cost-effective technologies developed at HP Labs India to make paper documents tamper-proof. We started with a real customer problem: to ensure that printed government land records should be tamper-proof. We first looked at existing techniques to see if they could address the problem but subsequently had to come up with our own technology. To address the problem, there was a need to identify good pilot customers to promote adoption of technology. Another challenge was around the customer's lack of awareness in terms of the impact of fraudulent documents on their business, and the difficulty of selling solutions versus selling products. Technology invention plays a small part in the final success of any customer-driven innovation, and so other factors should not be ignored. There were several other specific conclusions related to the innovator, the customer-facing staff and the customers. The key contributions of this work was starting with a real customer problem and dealing with end-to-end issues related to adoption of technology to make paper documents tamper-proof.
Certificate Path Verification in Hierarchical and Peer-to-Peer Public Key Infrastructures
Get PDF“Authentication of users in an automated business transaction is commonly realized by means of a Public Key Infrastructure(PKI). A PKI is a framework on which the security services are built. Each user or end entity is given a digitally signed data structure called digital certificate. In Hierarchical PKI, certificate path is unidirectional, so certificate path development and validation is simple and straight forward. Peer-to-Peer(also called Mesh PKI) architecture is one of the most popular PKI trust models that is widely used in automated business transactions, but certificate path verification is very complex since there are multiple paths between users and the certification path is bidirectional. In this paper, we demonstrate the advantage of certificate path verification in Hierarchical PKI based on forward path construction method over reverse path construction method with respect to the time requirement. We also propose a novel method to convert a peer-to-peer PKI to a Depth First Search(DFS) spanning tree to simplify the certificate path verification by avoiding multiple paths between users, since the DFS spanning tree equivalent of peer-to-peer PKI contains only one path between any two Certification Authorities
Analysis of Exposed Node Problem and Security Concerns in Adhoc Networks
Get PDF“The paper contains the analysis of exposed node problem in mobile adhoc network. The problem is that before starting the transmission, a station wants to know whether there is activity around the receiver. If the transmission is taking place around the receiver, there will be collisions and the effective throughput will be decreased. A detailed study of the simulation on these exposed nodes is carried out using the GloMoSim software to calculate the throughput for the various transmission powers and different protocols, so as to compare the performances by varying different parameters. These simulation results with GloMoSim corroborate our theoretical analysis.
Enhancement of QoS in 802.11e for Real Time Traffic
Get PDF“Quality of Service (QoS) requirements like good throughput and minimum access delay are challenging tasks to accomplish with regard to 802.11 WLAN protocols and Medium Access Control (MAC) functions. In this article, a distributed medium access scheme called EDCF, which is adopted in an upcoming standard IEEE802.11e to allow prioritized medium access for applications with QoS requirements, is described and discussed. Its performance is also evaluated via simulations using network simulator called OPNET
Technology Leapfrogging: Findings from Singapore's Water Industry
Get PDFThis paper illustrates Singapore’s strategy in catching up with global water treatment nations. Water is an important economic resource for Singapore, creating value-added jobs and stimulating research and development in various related technology trajectories. The analysis shows that from a nation lacking in competence in the water industry, Singapore has successfully transformed herself into a global hydrohub, exporting indigenous capabilities and offering consultancy for water projects. With long-term government policies and funding support for initial R&D and subsequent industry R&D inducement by means of the introduction of Public-Private Partnership (PPP) programme, Singapore has been able to build up her competence in waste water treatment. This is probably the first paper that analyses the development of the water industry in Singapore from the management of technology and policy perspectives