International Journal of Innovations in Science & Technology
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Finger-Vein Image Enhancement and 2d CNN Recognition
Get PDFFinger vein recognition technology is a novel biometric technology with multiple features such as live capture, stability, difficulty in stealing and imitating, and more in the field of information security that has been utilized in a wide range of applications. In this proposed method, the finger region is separated from the background using a Sobel Edge detector and a Poly ROI which helps shape the finger. The background separation enhancement of low contrast using dual contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization which works on the visual characteristics of the finger-vein image dataset. When dual CLAHE is applied, the finger-vein histogram intensity is separated all across the image. Following the implementation of DCLAHE, an enhanced 2D-CNN model is utilized to recognize objects with the updated dataset. By maximizing the values of a preprocessed dataset, the 2D CNN model learns features. This model has a 94.88% accuracy rate.
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Algorithm-Driven Optimization of ZnCo₂O₄@CuO Core-Shell Architectures for High-Performance Supercapacitors
Get PDFThis study investigates the electrochemical performance of ZnCo₂O₄@CuO core–shell nanostructures as advanced electrode materials for supercapacitors. ZnCo₂O₄, a spinel metal oxide, offers high theoretical capacitance and environmental compatibility but suffers from low electrical conductivity and structural instability. To address these limitations, we synthesized ZnCo₂O₄@CuO composites using a hydrothermal method, leveraging CuO\u27s excellent electrical conductivity and chemical stability to enhance the core material\u27s properties. Comprehensive characterization confirmed the formation of a hierarchical core–shell structure with improved surface area and uniform elemental distribution. Electrochemical testing revealed that ZnCo₂O₄@CuO electrodes exhibited significantly enhanced specific capacitance (882 F g⁻¹ at 4 mA cm⁻²), superior rate capability, and excellent cycling stability, retaining ~90.2% of their initial capacitance after 4000 cycles. An asymmetric supercapacitor device assembled with these electrodes delivered a maximum energy density of 46.66 Wh kg⁻¹ and power density of 800 W kg⁻¹. These findings demonstrate the potential of ZnCo₂O₄@CuO core–shell nanostructures as high-performance, durable, and cost-effective materials for next-generation energy storage applications
Python-Driven Framework Chromium-Modified Cerium Metal-Organic : A Promising Electrode Material For Supercapacitor Applications
Get PDFThe increasing demand for sustainable energy storage has driven advancements in materials for supercapacitors, devices known for high power density and rapid charge/discharge cycles. This study explores the potential of chromium-modified cerium-based metal-organic frameworks (Cr-Ce-MOF) as advanced electrode materials for supercapacitors. Synthesized via a solvothermal method, the Cr-Ce-MOF exhibited enhanced structural and electrochemical properties due to synergistic effects between cerium and chromium. The material achieved a high specific capacitance of 646 F/g at 1 A/g and energy density 22.43 Wh kg-1 and power density 249.9 W kg‑1 retained 92% of its capacitance after 5000 cycles at 5 A/g. Characterization techniques, including FTIR, XRD, SEM, and electrochemical analysis, confirmed the improved conductivity, porosity, and redox activity imparted by chromium doping. These findings highlight Cr-Ce-MOF as a promising candidate for next-generation energy storage solutions
Degradation of Bioplastics under the Influence of Several Environmental conditions
Get PDFThe increasing threats of plastics to the natural environment encouraged the production of bio-plastics from renewable biomass resources. The premium quality of bio-plastics are mainly produced by treating starch with glycerol. Plastics are basically non-biodegradable synthetic or semi synthetic products. This study aims at analyzing the degradation patterns of bio-plastics. The bio-plastics are ecologically less toxic than the synthetic plastic materials. The bio-plastics can degrade in several environmental conditions including aquatic environment, compost and soil. The bioplastic materials are buried in composite soil or loam sand to analyze degradation activity by taking photographic data and measuring the weight. Effect of weather conditions on the degradation activity was analyzed by recording different weather conditions including temperature, humidity, rainfall sunshine intensity and duration of sunlight. The comparative results portrayed the degradation activity of bio-plastics which was accomplished through hydrophilic enzymes. The initial regenerating material absorbs moisture of soil after saturation and the weight was increased up to 87%. The weight of bio-plastics reduced steadily after the initiation of decomposition. Invasion of soil microorganisms enhance the degradation activity. The environmental features including rainfall, humidity and sunlight intensity also affects the disintegration of bioplastics. The increased intensity of sunshine increased the microbial activity of soil which in turn increased the rate of degradation of bio-plastics.
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A Study of Active Chaman Fault System (CFS) Using SRTM DEM
Get PDFChaman fault is a seismically active fault running over 850km in western region of Pakistan and Afghanistan. It is a major geological structure between Indian and Eurasian plates. Chaman fault is a strike slip fault which is slipping nearly at the rate of 10mm per year. This research includes the evaluation of lithological processes and neotectonics activity using Hypsometric Integral (HI). We calculated values of hypsometric integral using SRTM DEM with 90m spatial resolution in active region of Chaman Fault (CF) and in its locality. We analyzed different mean, minimum and maximum elevations using regular square grids and measured the degree of spatial distribution of HI using Local Indices (LI) of Spatial Autocorrelation (LISA). LISA provides auto correlation for the cluster analysis of hotspots and cold spots of HI values to discriminate uplifted and eroded regions.
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Appraisal of Temporal Variations in Atmospheric Compositions Over South Asia By Addition of Various Pollutants in Recent Decade
Get PDFAtmosphere is an envelope of gasses and aerosols around the planet, 99% of the total mass of atmospheric gases resides within 32km from Earth’s surface in vertical column. From primordial era to current scenario composition of earth endured numerous drastic modifications. In last decade atmosphere had undergone a vigorous change by the addition of many pollutants in both natural and anthropogenic aspects. South Asia is a densely populated; masses here are in a transition state, this developing nation in this region considerably done enough damage to the atmosphere of south Asia by inserting multiple pollutants in atmosphere in a number of anthropogenic activities. These pollutants piled up as a serious danger for people around the globe like Methane (CH4), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Carbon Monoxide (CO) Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Formaldehydes (HCHO) and tropospheric Ozone (O3) etc. “Environmental Remote Sensing” has arisen as a great tool of modern era to get fruitful and precise results to monitor these variations in atmospheric pollutants. The NASA’s (National Aeronautics and Space Administration), Geospatial Interactive Online Visualization ANd aNalysis Infrastructure (Giovanni) system provides access to a wide variety of NASA’s remote sensing data, Variety of environmental data types has permitted the use of Giovanni for different applications to define addition and increase in concentration of various pollutants. Spatio temporal variation of pollutants shows their concentration increased in last decade and in last three years the concentration boosted as compared to last seven years.
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Temporal Variations In Ice Cap Of Antarctica And Greenland
Get PDFThe Antarctic and Greenland polar ice caps are the largest mass of ice in world. Globally the climate system is considerably affected by these ice sheets. Several natural and anthropogenic activities have affected the balance of mass of ice sheets. Ice sheets mass loss is a consequence of changes of patterns of precipitation, changing wind patterns, increasing global temperature and increased glacial flow. Nearly 75% of the ice mass loss has been observed in these regions since last ten years. A sharp increase in ice mass loss in Antarctic and Greenland regions are detected through 0.3mm increase in sea level per year. In this research paper Satellite remote sensing techniques including Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) is used to monitor and reveal the patterns of ice melt and glacier flow in these regions.
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Simulink Analysis and Mathematical Modeling of Parameters Variation for Thyristor Based Speed Controller of Single Phase Induction Motor
Get PDFThe thyristor is a power electronics device that is widely used in various electrical appliances due to its lower on-conduction losses, easyavailability, lower switching loss, greater efficiency and cost-benefit. Mostly a thyristor is used in rectifiers and variable-speed drives. Almost 70% of loads used in the world consists of induction motors in various types and forms. In this work, a thyristor-based controller is used to control the speed of a single phase induction motor by adjusting the firing angle for the gate terminal of the thyristor. Depending upon the firing angle, the output voltage, output current, speed, power factor and the total harmonic distortion are varied which is analyzed through MATLAB/Simulink. Further curve fitting technique is used to formulate the mathematical relationships between varying parameters concerning thyristor’s firing angle. The findings of this work are helpful to achieve the best curve fit model for varying parameters concerningthe thyristor firing angle.
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Appraisal of a Running Glacier of Pakistan in Context of Geological Perspectives
Get PDFShishper glacier is surge type glacier which gave rise to Glacier Lake Outbursts Flood (GLOF) and an ice dammed lake. The probability of GLOF events has been increased in Pakistan’s mountain system due to increased temperature and irregular glacial fluctuations in northern region of Pakistan. The average rise of temperature in Pakistan is 1.04 ?C from the year 1960 to 2014. Rising temperature is initiating the recession of glaciers over the last decade which is indicating towards the evolution of glacial lakes in Basin of Hunza River. The Shishper glacier has travelled 800m during six months and about 1400m in the next six months in the year 2018. Shishper glacier has created a danger to fault lines and infrastructure of downstream of Hassanabad valley situated just below the hill. It travelled about 2.2km during 12 months. Temporal satellite imagery was used to evaluate susceptibility of GLOF events. Digital Elevation model was used to evaluate drainage patterns of Shishper glacier. Geological maps evaluated the geo-refred fault lines in the mountainous regions of Pakistan.
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Evaluation of tectonic geomorphology of Awaran in Baluchistan, Pakistan using SRTM data
Get PDFAn earthquake of September 24, 2013 with a magnitude of 7.7Mw destroyed extensive region of Awaran district located in province Baluchistan in southern Pakistan, the earthquake was nearly 10km deep below the surface of earth. This convulsion brought a havoc in the inaccessible and remote regions and victimized nearly 810 families. This tremor destroyed the non-engineered human structure within 100 km of the earthquake which caused tremendous loss of human lives. In this paper Digital elevation model (DEM) was utilized to study active deformation and mapped the isobase, relative relief, drainag density incision and vertical dissections which indicates that Awaran Fault sinisterly active in NNE-SSW direction and the deformations were highlighted. The high value of drainage density was observed on northern east and in the central region of southern west region of Awaran district. The drainage density is elevated by accelerated erosion in surrounding region. DEM and remote sensing tools proved efficient to study the region efficiently.
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