International Journal of Innovations in Science & Technology
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Effect of Different Drying Methods on Quality Characteristics of Wheat Grains
Get PDFWheat is one of the main staple cereals used worldwide, providing 50% of food energy and protein consumed globally. Drying, the oldest preservation technique used for agricultural products, is the removal of moisture to its certain desired requirement. The drying process aims to reduce the grain\u27s moisture content for safe storage. The present study was carried out at the Department of Farm Structures and Postharvest Engineering, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Pakistan. Freshly harvested wheat grain varieties TD-1, Imdaad-2005, and Sindhu were collected from the Latif Experimental Farm, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam. The wheat grain samples were subjected to three different drying methods i.e. sun drying, convective drying, and intermittent drying. Data in terms of quality for wheat grain was observed initially, and then after being subjected to different drying methods. The results revealed that moisture content, length, width, thickness, thousand kernel weight, weight loss, bulk density, germination, and drying rate for all wheat varieties decreased with respect to time in all drying methods. The results in terms of quality after drying were observed to be better for intermittent drying, followed by convective and sun drying. The farmers and grain processing industries are suggested to adopt the intermittent drying method, which enhances grain quality and reduces energy consumption
Ion-Acoustic Density Hump Solitons in (r,q) Distributed Plasmas using Python
Get PDFElectron Velocity Distributions (EVDs) with a flat top at low energy and/or an enhanced tail at high energies are commonly observed in Earth\u27s magnetosphere and solar wind. Noteworthy is the fact that only generalized distribution with two spectral indices fit such observed flat top distributions, since at low energies neither kappa nor Maxwellian distribution can fit the observed EVDs. In the limiting cases, and ; distribution reduces the Maxwellian and kappa distributions, respectively. In the current fluid model, for the first time, electrons are treated as distributed and Sagdeev potential is derived for fully nonlinear fluid equations for ion-acoustic waves and obtained density humps to interpret the observations. We analyzed the properties of solitary structures using observed plasma parameters and values of and indices that matched the reported values. We found that flat top distribution supports the density hump solitons with larger amplitude
Sustainable Energy Solution for Mobile Robotics: Modeling and Power Management
Get PDFRobotics is increasingly addressing inefficiencies in diverse applications, including healthcare, mining, and defense. This research focuses on energy optimization for a Two-Wheel Mobile Robot (TWMR) using a novel framework that analyzes component-level power consumption and evaluates battery performance. Simulations conducted in Gazebo Classic 11, powered by ROS (Noetic), assessed the TWMR\u27s battery discharge rates across different configurations. Results identified the Lidar sensor as the primary power consumer, with a 300mAh battery significantly extending operational duration (65.83 seconds) compared to a 100mAh battery (21.41 seconds). The study also examined how component integration impacts energy usage, providing valuable insights for future robotic system designs. These findings highlight the critical role of battery size in optimizing energy efficiency and ensuring prolonged functionality of robotic systems in practical applications
FeelSafe: A Women\u27s Safety and Security System
No full textWomen’s safety is regarded as one of the most critical issues faced by women today. Many women feel unsafe when leaving their homes due to the increasing number of crimes in society, such as abuse, harassment, and violence. The business and IT industries are currently thriving, and many women are working in these sectors, often staying late into the night. However, despite these advancements, there remains a sense of insecurity among working women, even during daylight hours. To address this concern, the Women Safety System, called FeelSafe, has been developed to provide women with a sense of security when they are away from home. The system consists of a device equipped with an emergency button. In case of an emergency, a woman simply needs to press this button. Once activated, the system sends an alert message, along with the user’s location, to pre-defined emergency contact numbers. Additionally, the person registered as the emergency controller can manage the system using predefined commands. Timely intervention in such situations can help protect women from abuse or harassment. The system has been tested in various environmental settings and has demonstrated adequate accuracy. A testing scenario is presented in Section IV, which illustrates the complete sequence of actions taken by FeelSafe in response to an emergency
The Patient Monitoring and Alert System Using Mobile and Wearable Technology
No full textInterest in remote patient monitoring has grown significantly in recent years. We present a Patient Monitoring and Alert System that uses mobile and wearable technology to track vital signs like heart rate and blood oxygen levels (SpO₂). The system detects abnormal readings and sends instant alerts to caregivers or healthcare professionals through push notifications, SMS, and email. The mobile app is built using Flutter and connects to a wearable device using Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) for real-time data transfer. We tested the system with 30 users and achieved a 95% success rate in delivering notifications, with fast data transmission (under 200ms via BLE), proving it to be a reliable solution for real-time health monitoring
Automated HMI Generation via Component-Based Virtual Engineering
Get PDFAs system complexity rises and the demand for shorter time-to-market grows, there is a need to change our traditional methods of building automation systems. Developing code for Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) and HMIs is often a challenging and time-consuming part of designing automation systems. Typically, PLC and HMI codes are developed using vendor-specific tools and IEC-based languages. Secondly, code reuse usually involves a lot of manual copy-pasting, which is prone to errors. This method lacks proper version control and direct integration between PLC and HMI, making updates and maintenance not only challenging but also costly. This research provides a novel method to create an Auto HMI for component-based production machines by utilizing their associated virtual models. The production machine is initially modelled in Computer-Aided Design (CAD) tools and commissioned inside an emulated engineering environment to test and optimize the control behaviour. A methodology is presented to reuse the control data in the virtual models to build an Auto HMI. At last, the suggested solution is executed and verified on a conveyor-built system rig to demonstrate its feasibility
Predicting the AI-Driven Freelance Marketplace. A Case Study of Fiverr Gigs of Pakistan
Get PDFArtificial Intelligence (AI) affects worldwide economic performance because freelance marketplaces have become fundamental platforms to use AI innovations. This research examines AI effects on Pakistan\u27s freelance market using Fiverr gigs while focusing on AI mobile application development, together with AI website/software development services. The selection of these categories occurred because clients increasingly needed them, while contemporary industries required more AI-powered solutions. The research gathers Fiverr gig information systematically to identify main patterns about service types and client patterns, and freelancer earnings in the AI domains. Second-degree polynomial regression analyzed with Ridge regularization methods generated predictions about income development during 24 months from April 2025 until March 2027. Data shows a robust non-linear pattern of growth, which demonstrates that AI-powered freelance services provide substantial income benefits to Pakistani skilled freelancers, thus making Pakistan a rising center for AI-based digital freelancers development. Along with analyses of system competition, skills difficulty, and market capacity saturation, the research suggests proven methods to address these factors. This research provides strategic guidance to freelancers, together with investors and policymakers, who intend to enhance Pakistan\u27s position in the global freelance AI economy. Continuous skill development alongside enhanced infrastructure and supportive policy frameworks will enable the complete economic extraction of AI-driven freelance marketplaces, according to the research findings
A Comprehensive Toolset for Signal Processing using a Family of Hadamard Transforms
Get PDFIndependent basis of the linear vectors is of paramount significance in the advancement of digital systems that facilitate the processing and storage of information in its digital format. This study undertakes a thorough examination of discrete orthogonal transformations, with particular focus on the family of real and complex Hadamard transforms and their numerous types. The efficacy of various sequences is scrutinized, alongside their mathematical representation, inherent characteristics, and applications in signal processing. An analysis of the computational cost associated with the complex Hadamard Transform and its variants is presented. Furthermore, simulation outcomes are contrasted for the normalized sequency concerning magnitude response, image compression, and peak signal-to-noise ratio across a variety of image processing applications
Development of a Generative AI Application for Therapy of Speech-Impaired Patients
Get PDFWith the use of this web application, speech therapy can be provided to individuals with speech disabilities through an easy-to-use and engaging interface, which allows them to receive treatment from anywhere. Conventional treatment often requires the patient\u27s presence, which can be hard due to their location, finances, or even other health conditions. The application helps users practice articulation, fluency, and pronunciation with the help of guided exercises, visual aids, and voice recognition technology. Users are provided with a personalized treatment plan that reviews their progress over time and provides them with feedback, reports, and reminders to help ensure users are motivated and consistent. This new technology will increase the availability of services to patients in underserved regions, which will improve their communication as well as the quality of life
Optimized Mode Selection in D2D Enabled B5G Networks: A Game Theory Approach
Get PDFBeyond Fifth Generation (B5G) networks aim to revolutionize wireless communication with unprecedented data rates, extremely low latency and high throughput. This research is motivated to optimize Device-to-Device (D2D) communication within cellular networks, where the goal is to improve wireless communication gains and performance. This research identifies the key components necessary for ensuring proper Quality of Services (QoS) provisioning for D2D and cellular users, given the challenges to ensuring appropriate QoS for both D2D and cellular users done by a holistic method to ensure the user experience is smooth while the network capability is fully utilized, which aims to improve the efficiency and performance in wireless communication. Leveraging the power of game theory, this study develops practical solutions for the identified challenges. Furthermore, this work presents a proposed solution, goals, architecture and methodology of the proposed game-theoretic model, paving the way for enhanced D2D communication in future B5G networks