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Urban Water-Energy Nexus: A Case Study of Select Thermal Power Plants in Water-Stressed Regions in India (NIAS/NSE/EECP/U/RR/01/2023)
Get PDFAn integrated approach to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 6 and 7 is helpful to maximize the benefits of water and sanitation projects while reducing the environmental impacts of inefficient water usage, specifically in coal-fired Thermal Power Plants (TPPs) that are the largest users of water in the industrial sector. This is particularly important in most developing countries that face declining water availability due to a growing population without commensurate increases in water use efficiency. The case for an integrated approach towards
realizing multiple targets under SDG 6 and SDG 7 in India is particularly strong since India is the third largest electricity generator in the World, with TPPs generating more than 78 percent of the 1715 TWh of electricity generation. This study explores the water-energy-sanitation (WES) nexus paradigm to reduce freshwater consumption in TPPs located in the proximity of urban areas by using treated sewage water from sewage treatment plants (STPs). This report summarises the results of a field study to assess the water demand and availability in two water-stressed districts of India. This study applies an integrated approach
to SDG 6 and SDG 7 to increase water efficiency, improve sanitation, and reduce the loss of power generation due to water shortages. In view of the above, suitable best-fit estimates for the make-up water requirement have been derived for TPPs with installed capacities in the range of 210 – 600 MW using the recent operational data. The estimated make-up water volumes thus obtained were further used for evaluating the Specific Water Consumption (SWC) for the respective TPPs based on the different Plant Load Factors (PLF). Such an approach facilitates rapid assessment of the water consumption and would help in devising suitable strategies to optimise water use efficiency
Small Modular Reactors to Achieve Net Zero with Energy Security for India (NIAS/NSE/EECP/U/PB/20/2023)
No full textIndependent Energy Regulation in a Developing Economy: Stakeholder Perspectives and Legal Interpretations
No full textThis book is an introduction to the challenges of independent regulation, a new governance institution introduced in developing economies in the wake of liberalization, to perform the role of a surrogate for competitive markets. It examines, in the Indian context, regulatory interpretation of key provisions of energy laws and regulatory statutes, as manifest in the adjudicatory orders of India’s petroleum and electricity regulators. The objective is to assess regulatory interpretations for consistency with the stated objectives of independent regulation. Comparing regulatory interpretation of energy laws with those of the higher judiciary, this study highlights the divergent perspectives of regulators and the higher judiciary on the role of independent regulation in a liberalized economy. In the process, this research attempts to gauge, not only the extent of regulatory expertise and independence in India’s energy space, but crucially, the Indian government's commitment to independence of regulators. The book also offers a glimpse of the operation of checks and balances in a relatively new institution situated outside the scope of the conventional Madisonian framework. Framed against the backdrop of extant regulatory theories, this book is of interest to regulators, policy makers, utility executives, students of law, economics and regulatory studies as well as lawyers interpreting regulators’ remit and role in a liberalized economy
High-resolution GEOS-Chem model for Indian monsoon region: Seasonal cycle and budget of tropospheric CO2
No full textRemote Sensing for Mango and Rubber Mapping and Characterization for Carbon Stock Estimation—Case Study of Malihabad Tehsil (UP) and West Tripura District, India
No full textThe phytomass and soil carbon pools are the two largest pools that are directly influenced by anthropogenic activities and have large spatial heterogeneity. Orchards and plantation crops contribute significantly to terrestrial C-pools but have not received adequate attention. Remote sensing (RS) with vegetation discrimination and monitoring capacity is critical to describe spatial C-pool variability. The natural forest in India has been significantly disturbed by establishing large-scale commercial and horticulture crops which contributes significantly to the current forest and tree estimate of 81Mha by the Forest Survey of India (FSI). This study estimated the area under mango and rubber in two contrasting sites, i.e. Malihabad (Uttar Pradesh) and West Tripura (Tripura) districts. We used Sentinel-2 data and machine learning algorithms to discriminate target tree species. Multi-sensor-based geophysical product of biomass was analysed for aboveground biomass (AGB). Spaceborne Lidar data from the GEDI sensor was analysed to characterize the tree height. Additional characterization of tree density was carried out by counting tree canopies on high-resolution imageries. The results of phytomass and soil pools are comparable to published estimates under similar agroclimatic settings. The demonstrated approach of simultaneous high-resolution phytomass and soil mapping with geospatial techniques significantly enhances the capability to monitor and model terrestrial carbon pools in India
Assessment of hazardous radionuclide emission due to fly ash from fossil fuel combustion in industrial activities in India and its impact on public
No full textTraditionally coal has been extensively used as a dominating fossil fuel in a wide range of industries due to its abundance. In India, industries like thermal power plants, cement industries, iron, and steel industries along with many captive power plants consume a huge quantity of coal each year to meet energy demand. Coal combustion releases blackish-grey colored fly ash waste is one of the most imperative sources of radionuclides like Radium (226Ra), Thorium (232Th), Potassium (40K) and Uranium (238U). The estimated industrial fly ash is ∼308.416 Million Tonnes (MT) in 2019, considered as an emerging environmental problem. This study represents the first-ever radionuclide emission from Indian fly ash generated across various major industries. The results reveal that the estimated 226Ra, 232Th, 238U, and 40K radionuclides were estimated to be ∼27.473 TBq, ∼44.351 TBq, ∼41.089 TBq, and ∼111.091 TBq respectively. The potential radionuclide hotspot regions across the nation are identified, which could be used as an important tool to assess its impact on the chronic exposure of millions of residents living near these sources. Cleaner or green energy could be the best alternative to combat the unseen health disaster. More effective and safe utilization of fly ash can minimize the hazardous effect of radionuclides emission
