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Panel Discussion on "The Relevance of Traditional Wisdom in Modern Science"
No full textPanel discussion on "The relevance of traditional wisdom in modern science" as a part of birth centenary celebration of Dr. Raja Ramanna. at JRD Tata Auditorium, NIAS on 4th April 2024
Impact of lockdown emission scenario on fine particulate matters (PM1) and its comparison with PM2.5 within Indian megacities
No full textWe hereby present the variability of fine particles (PM1 ≤ 1 micron) that has not yet been investigated under the influence of COVID-19-induced lockdown in three major cities of different climatic zones in India. We unfold the baseline level of PM1, a level to which the population is chronically exposed and extremely critical for epidemiologists for fixing health markers. This has been achieved using the saturation point methodology under fair weather conditions. The baseline level of PM1 for Delhi and Mumbai is found to be 13 µg m− 3 and 9 µg m− 3, respectively. The processes leading to a significantly higher decline in the level of PM1 as compared to coarser particles (PM2.5) are discussed. The varying magnitude of the declining trends in PM1 is found to be linked to the intensity of residential emissions, which vary from one city to another and was exempted during lockdown. Our findings are critical in understanding the dominant role played by different sources of PM1 in framing effective health risk management policies
Spatiotemporal atmospheric in-situ carbon dioxide data over the Indian sites-data perspective
No full textIn the current study, atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) data covering multiple locations in the Indian subcontinent are reported. This data was collected using a dedicated ground-based in-situ network established as part of the Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (CAP-IGBP) of the Climate and Atmospheric Processes of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). Data are collected over Ponmudi, Ooty, Sriharikota, Gadanki, Shadnagar, Nagpur, and Dehradun during 2014-2015, 2017–2020, 2012, 2011–2015, 2014–2017, 2017 and 2008–2011, respectively. The atmospheric CO2 generated as part of the CAP−IGBP network would enhance the understanding of CO2 variability in different time scales ranging from diurnal, seasonal, and annual over the Indian region. Data available under this network may be interesting to other research communities for modeling studies and spatiotemporal variability of atmospheric CO2 across the study locations. The work also evaluated the CO2 observations against the Model for Interdisciplinary Research on Climate version 4 atmospheric chemistry-transport model (MIROC4-ACTM) concentrations
Compendium of synopses of the PH.D dissertations completed at NIAS under a ministry of earth sciences research grant (NIAS/NSE/EECP/U/RR/13/2024)
No full textAccess to transition-related health care among transmasculine people in India: A mixed-methods investigation
Get PDFLittle research has examined the health care experiences of transmasculine people in India, where government initiatives to improve access to transition-related (also called gender-affirmative) care have recently been announced. We draw on data from ‘Our Health Matters’, a mixed-methods community-based participatory research project, to characterize the transition-related care experiences of transmasculine people in India. Peer researchers conducted 40 virtual qualitative interviews in Hindi or Marathi from July to September 2021. Between November 2022 and January 2023, 377 transmasculine people participated in a multi-mode survey available in five languages. Qualitative data were analysed with a combination of framework analysis and grounded theory techniques. Data were mixed using a convergent parallel approach. Transmasculine persons’ care journeys began with information-seeking, relying on peers and internet searches. In choosing between the public and private healthcare systems, they weighed issues of quality and affordability: the public system was perceived as lower-quality and difficult to access but most could not afford private care, leading to delays in care. Indeed, unmet need was common; 36.4% of survey participants were planning but had not begun to receive transition-related care and 80.2% wanted at least one transition-related surgery. Although some participants encountered stigma and refusal of care when seeking hormones, survey participants reported largely positive experiences with their hormone prescribers, which may reflect the influence of peer referrals. Participants underwent psychological assessments prior to transition-related care, which some experienced as disempowering and a barrier to disclosing mental health challenges. Finally, participants who were able to access care reported improved well-being, although surgical dissatisfaction was not uncommon (26.2%). Trans-inclusive medical training and continuing education are critical to enhancing access to high-quality transition-related care. Transmasculine people generally relied on peers and grassroots organizations for information, system navigation, and financial assistance. Strengthening these existing community resources may improve access to care
Social Inclusion and Justice for the Internally Displaced by the Herdsmen-Farmers Conflict in Benue State, Nigeria
Get PDFMapping Aboveground Biomass and Soil Organic Carbon Density in India—A Geospatial-Analytic Framework for Integrating Multi-year Remote Sensing, Large Field Surveys, and Machine Learning
No full textAdvances in Earth observation technologies have allowed for the collection of big data for large-scale analyses to better understand the carbon cycle. This chapter, with three case studies, addresses a few methodological approaches for analyzing big data for two critical variables in the carbon cycle—Above Ground Biomass (AGB) and Soil Organic Carbon (SOC). The first case study presents an approach to improve AGB’s existing global products, which are known to have large regional uncertainties, using available ground measurements. The following case study explores the use of AGB and other environmental variables coupled with machine learning techniques to predict the spatial variability of SOC over forest regions in central India. The final case study is a unique attempt to create an extensive database of nearly 40 million ground measurements of SOC and how it can be leveraged to better understand SOC stocks in India. With the help of these three case studies, we highlight the various ways data can be utilized to study the carbon cycle and where future opportunities for such studies lie
Insurgency versus Democracy: The Violent Clash of Ideas between the Maoists and the Indian State
No full textThe end objective of the Maoist insurgency is to overthrow the parliamentary and representative democratic system of the Indian state to herald a ‘new democratic order.’ To the Maoists, Indian democracy is reactionary and oppressive and an instrument of exploitation. A violent movement that the Maoists have been waging against the Indian state can also be seen as a clash of ideas on the forms of democracy that the Indian state and the Maoists believe. Around this clash of ideas on democracy, this chapter investigates how an insurgency with an alternative idea of democracy violently clashes with an established democratic Indian state. In investigating the violent clash of ideas, this paper also addresses the common and divergent issues between the Maoists and the Indian state. The issues of culture of violence, impunity in democracy, and the paradox of counter-violence are discussed in the chapter