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Self, Well-being, and Agency in the Caraka Saṃhitā
No full textIn this study, we examine three different conceptions of self within the Caraka Saṃhitā (CS), a classical Sanskrit Āyurveda text, based on three interrelated notions of suffering, well-being, and the nature of the self’s agentic pursuit of remedy. These are—(i) the phenomenal self, (ii) the expansive self, and (iii) the transcendental self. The phenomenal self-in-the-world encompasses its existence across a single lifetime, and as the embodied, agentic self of the ‘sufferer in the here-and-now’, it is the primary subject of the CS. The temporally expansive self is conceived of in relation to the self’s experiences of disease, illness, and well-being as a result of karmic consequence and is therefore expansive (extends beyond the temporal bounds of a single lifetime). It experiences multiple embodied phenomenal subjectivities across an iterative temporal continuum. The ‘transcendental self’, although also temporally expansive, is the unchanging, eternal core of all ‘being’, the seer of all actions, the ‘knowing’ of which is ultimate well-being, and as such, implies the cessation of karmic valence
God on the hill and other stories
No full textWhat makes this book poignant and relevant is the counterpoint to archaeological narratives it posits. Though archaeologists tell us that these megalithic dolmens, menhirs and the like were funerary or commemorative structures, local villagers near the monuments insist that they were the houses of a now-extinct race of dwarves called Moriyas. The stories in this collection are inspired by actual monuments and sites in India. As architect-author Srikumar M Menon went along collecting data about the monuments, he could not help collecting stories too. Srikumar’s stories also draw attention to outdated theories on the development of disciplines such as the ‘history of architecture’. Legislation and barbed wire fencing are grossly inadequate to protect these primitive monuments that our prehistoric ancestors built
Technological Trends in Electric Passenger Car Segment in India and Medium-Term Demand for Magnet-Based Rare Earth Materials
No full textThe green mobility aspirations of India have necessitated substituting conventional vehicles with electric motor-driven counterparts. The rare earth permanent magnet-based motor is the dominant solution for electric vehicle motor architectures as it ensures energy efficiency with reduced kerb weight and increased vehicle range. This study estimates the magnet-based rare earth demand for the realistic aspirational growth trajectories of electric four-wheelers up to 2030. During the first phase (2021-25), a high year-on-year growth rate for the e-car segment is assumed, which creates the base for electric vehicle penetration, whilst the second phase (2026-30) envisages a rapid product substitution at the cumulative level by 2030. The estimated total demand for rare earth materials during 2021-30 is between 1434 and 3584 tonnes. Analysis indicates that India could leverage its strong position in the global automotive market and geopolitical proximity to the favourable global powers for collaboration in research and development, technology transfer, and securing raw material supply
Assessment and Quantification of Methane Emission from Indian Livestock and Manure Management
Get PDFMethane (CH4) is one of the most abundant organic trace gases in the atmosphere having a strong global warming potential of 28 in 100 years, is a significant GHGs, and has a vital role in atmospheric chemistry and climate change. India is home to the largest number of livestock in the world and is responsible for higher methane emissions from enteric fermentation and manure management. In the present study, the methane emissions from Indian livestock, i.e., enteric fermentation, is estimated to be 11.63 Tg yr-1 in 2019 using IPCC methodology and recent census livestock activity data from the Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying, Govt. of India, and corresponding country-specific revised emission factors. The CH4 emissions from livestock manure management system was found to be 1.11 Tg yr-1, resulting in 12.74 Tg yr-1 of CH4 emission from the Indian livestock sector. The district-level spatial CH4 emission pattern was developed to identify the potential emission hotspots across the country. Initial findings suggest that changing livestock population patterns plays an important role in governing methane emissions in rural India. The information generated could be important tools for policymakers to control methane emissions across the country
A Methodological Framework for Strategic Electricity Generation Planning in India: Assessing Resource Adequacy through Probability Risk Metrics
No full textA country's electricity mix plays a crucial role in shaping its economic and industrial growth. A
diversified fuel mix can reduce emissions while ensuring energy supply security, thus enhancing the potential for
climate-compatible growth. A decarbonized electricity mix is essential for mitigating the effects of climate change
and catering to the core spirit of sustainable development goals (SDGs) as highlighted by the Intergovernmental
Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). As of now, the low-carbon electricity mix in India is composed of intermittent
energy resources, like Solar, Wind, and Hydropower generation. Although variable renewable energy (VRE)
sources lead to a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, random temporal fluctuations in their availability perturb
the stability of the power systems. This necessitates strategic planning, especially on the generation side such that
future electricity demand is always met. This study discusses a methodological framework in conjunction with
the existing probability-based risk metrics for assessing the resource adequacy of the electricity generation mix
considering the generation capacities of different sources, their average availability levels, and the possible
outages that these sources may suffer from. The paper illustrates Monte Carlo simulations with an assumed
electricity mix in conjunction with relevant parameters to demonstrate the resource adequacy assessment of an
electricity generation mix. The simulations show that the available capacity decreases with an increasing number
of discrete risk events, which limits the capability of the power system to meet the demand. For a 2-day test
simulation (considering a loss of load expectation value of 2 events-days), the loss of load event is found to be 4
events, and expected unreserved energy is estimated as 1400 MWh over the predefined, representative two-day
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