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The Zooarchaeology of Reciprocal Kinship A Southern Northwest Coast Shell Midden Story
Get PDFArchaeologists have been grappling with the field’s settler colonial roots for the several decades, but archaeological theory and practice continue to frequently clash with Indigenous sovereignty and epistemologies. Schneider and Hayes (2020) advocate for a shift towards critical Indigenous theory and the “undisciplining” of archaeology. This dissertation therefore investigates the archaeological past outside of archaeology, by operationalizing an Indigenous research paradigm for zooarchaeological research. My research integrates oral history, ethnography, academic publications, and contemporary Tribal insight with critical Indigenous theory to address archaeological research questions within a paradigm defined explicitly by Coquille ontology. In 2018, the Coquille Indian Tribe (CIT) Cultural Resource Program performed data recovery and salvage work at site 35CS331, a shell midden inadvertently discovered during the construction of a private home in Bandon, OR. To demonstrate the analytical flexibility and robustness of practicing archaeology within an Indigenous research paradigm, I present three separate, but interrelated, case studies. The first case focuses on the sea mammal assemblage, with particular attention to the personal nature of Coquille relationships to their animal kin and its implications for choosing data and defining the scale of research. Second, I approach the shellfish assemblage by focusing on the ecological relationships between taxa and not solely their relative quantities. This reveals a strategy for intertidal management based on highly sophisticated and fine-grained ecological knowledge to balance the needs of current and future generations of both humans and shellfish. Finally, I synthesize the zooarchaeological assemblage with the rest of the data from 35CS331 and conclude not only that the primary shell midden deposit is associated with a single feasting event, but that the feast was embedded within a broader web of reciprocal gifting relationships that structured socioecological life for Coquille ancestors and their animal relatives
UNRAVELING THE TANGLES THE IMPACT OF IMPLEMENTATION DIMENSIONS ON PARTICIPANT OUTCOMES SPANNING TREATMENT AND PREVENTION EVIDENCE-BASED PROGRAMS
Get PDFEvidence-based programs (EBP) have been developed and tested to intervene against the increasing prevalence of mental, emotional, and behavioral (MEB) health problems (e.g., substance use) apparent for individuals across the life span. Moreover, EBPs are comprised of various approaches (i.e., promotion, prevention, treatment, and maintenance) that uniquely address MEB health problems; of interest to this dissertation are prevention and treatment approaches. High quality implementation of EBPs in various settings can be challenging. Implementation research seeks to understand the processes and strategies that work best to help translate and apply EBPs into practice in real world settings. To guide this process, implementation research examines implementation dimensions which indicate implementation success, processes, and serve as key outcomes. Moreover, implementation dimensions (e.g., fidelity, quality, adaptation, and responsiveness) can be used to predict participant outcomes. Despite extensive theory and research that highlights these relationships, more research is needed to understand how multiple implementation dimensions interact to predict participant outcomes. This dissertation consists of three manuscripts which examined the relationship between implementation dimensions and MEB health outcomes across treatment and prevention. Taken together, these three manuscripts aim to a) conduct two empirical studies to contribute to the literature examining implementation dimensions’ impact on participant outcomes (Manuscripts 1 and 2), and b) review dissemination and implementation literature to determine gaps in the guiding model (Manuscript 3). Together, these manuscripts illustrate the complexity of implementation research, the variations in relationships between implementation dimensions and participant outcomes, and highlights critical next steps for the field
Essays in Macroeconomics
Get PDFThe dissertation contains four chapters. First chapter is a paper studying inflation dynamics of sticky prices and macroeconomics by using a new mathematical tool called Path Integrals in which a contribution on analytical exploration of macroeconomic dynamics of sticky prices with time-varying inflation dynamics has been made. Second chapter serves as additional applications to the first chapter where we have changed the initial steady state of the first chapter model to an arbitrary steady state which is different from the one in first chapter.By this change, more explicit analytical results of macroeconomic dynamics of sticky prices with zero inflation could be obtained at the cost of normalization though. The third chapter is an application of path integrals as a mathematical tool to derive the eigenvalues andeigenfunctions of the sticky price model with quadratic generalized hazard function and zero inflation in macroeconomics. The concluding chapter is a short paper studying how financial frictions (i.e., the collateral constraint for entrepreneurs) affect wealth distributions of theentrepreneurs analytically by using mean field game in macroeconomics
A MULTI-METHOD EVALUATION OF GROUNDWATER TRENDS IN THE COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN
Get PDFThe Columbia Plateau Regional Aquifer System (CPRAS) is a heavily irrigated agricultural region. In some parts of the region, groundwater is the only source of water for domestic and municipal water supply as well as irrigation. In other areas, groundwater serves as a supplementary source to surface water, especially during droughts. Declining groundwater trends have been reported in the CPRAS, mainly due to long-term pumping for irrigation purposes. Little attention has been given to how the trends vary between the shallower, mostly unconfined, and deeper, mostly confined, portions of the aquifer. This dissertation employs a multidisciplinary approach, integrating hydrogeological analysis, remote sensing, GIS techniques, and statistical methods to examine regional groundwater status, trends, and vulnerabilities in localized subareas in Eastern Washington, historically and during drought periods specifically. Statistical analyses are conducted to quantify trends in groundwater levels and vulnerabilities. The remote sensing approach employs the GRACE satellites to study groundwater storage changes.The findings reveal significant trends in groundwater declines in all aquifer layers of the CPRAS. Localized subareas such as the Odessa subarea, which has groundwater as the main source of water supply for all uses, experience very high significant groundwater declines in the Grande Ronde layer. The degree of groundwater vulnerabilities due to over abstraction varies both vertically and spatially. While a lot of the subareas experience high vulnerabilities, some experience positive trends indicating no vulnerabilities based on groundwater level change. The dissertation also found that the GRACE satellites are not able to capture groundwater dynamics in the confined aquifers of the CPRAS. Groundwater used as a drought mitigation tool shows that the variances of groundwater level differences between post-drought years and non-drought years are significantly different based on a 95% confidence interval, but the true means are not statistically different. The percentage declines in water level between post-drought years and non-drought years also vary based on the years when droughts were declared, and the aquifer layers the wells are screened in.This dissertation contributes to our understanding of groundwater trends and vulnerability due to over abstraction and provides valuable insights for addressing the challenges facing groundwater resources in the context of growing human demands and environmental change
IDENTIFYING BEHAVIORAL AND BIOLOGICAL PREDICTORS OF CANNABIS VAPOR SELF-ADMINISTRATION IN FEMALE AND MALE RATS
Get PDFApproximately 9% of first-time cannabis users will become dependent on cannabis, yet there are no FDA-approved pharmacotherapies for managing cannabis use disorder (CUD). This is in part due to flawed diagnostic nosology resulting in a lack of understanding of the mechanisms that give rise to CUD, as well as a conspicuous lack of translationally relevant animal models of cannabis use. To address these gaps, we have developed a model of cannabis self-administration that delivers vaporized cannabis extract in a response-contingent manner via the pulmonary route of administration that is most common in humans. We used this model to identify behavioral and biological predictors of motivation to self-administer vaporized cannabis in rats. We conducted an extensive battery of behavioral assays in female and male Long Evans rats (N=48) prior to initiation of cannabis self-administration training and characterized endophenotypes using endpoints that correspond to the behavioral dimensions of the NIMH Research Domain Criteria (RDoC). We then used a series of linear regression analyses to determine whether behavioral and physiological parameters in the five RDoC dimensions (positive and negative valence systems, cognition, social processes, and arousal/regulatory systems) significantly predicted the number of cannabis vapor deliveries earned during a 3-hr progressive ratio test after four weeks of cannabis self-administration. The Positive Valence model was significant, accounting for 21.1% of the variance in cannabis self-administration, with greater motivation for sucrose reinforcement predicting higher rates of cannabis self-administration (p=.008). The Cognition model was significant, accounting for 17.9% of the variance in cannabis self-administration. Specifically, better visual cue discrimination and poorer set shifting performance each predicted higher rates of cannabis self-administration (p’s = .015 and .030, respectively). The Arousal/Regulatory Systems model was also significant, accounting for 59.3% of the variance in cannabis self-administration. Specifically, higher concentrations of basal corticosterone (CORT) predicted higher rates of cannabis vapor self-administration (p = .005), while lower concentrations of plasma anandamide (AEA) content predicted higher rates of self-administration (p = .008). Finally, the Social Processes and Negative Valence models were not significant predictors of cannabis self-administration. Our data indicate that basal CORT, circulating AEA content, high motivation for sucrose reinforcement, and greater reliance on visual cue-based strategies were all significant predictors of motivation to self-administer cannabis vapor in adulthood. Thus, these endophenotypes may precede the onset of problematic cannabis use, which could be leveraged to identify individuals with increased susceptibility for developing CUD
History @ Washington State, 2024
No full textNewsletter includes updates about faculty, students, and alumni in the Department of History at Washington State University
