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EXPLORING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN COOPERATIVE LEARNING AND GENDER IN A BIOLOGY CLASSROOM
Full text linkThis study explores the intersection of cooperative learning, prosocial behavior, and effective discussion in an undergraduate biology classroom, with a focus on how gender influences these dynamics. Cooperative learning has been shown to foster prosocial behaviors, such as empathy and collaboration, while promoting deeper understanding through active discussion. Using a mixed-methods approach, this research examines how the group's prosocial behavior and effective discussion can be predicted by the percentage of female students in a cooperative learning environment. The findings highlight that the percentage of women in a group dynamic does not predict the group's prosocial behavior and the level of effective discussion perceived within the group. These insights provide educators with strategies to foster both prosocial behavior and effective discussion, ultimately creating more inclusive and effective learning environments. By promoting positive peer interactions and thoughtful discourse, this study contributes to the development of equitable cooperative learning practices in STEM education
Manage water by adjusting lawn sprinkler run time instructions for eastern Washington State
Full text linkIrrigating to maintain a lawn while also reducing water use is a challenging task. Compared to a uniform farm field, a lawn can be a mixture of grass, shrubs, and trees. The house and trees can create shaded and sunny areas that vary by season, slopes, and soil types. All this affects the amount of water that plants use and how much water you need to apply. However, you want to enjoy your lawn, not spend lots of time managing it. This publication presents a simple way of managing water that does not take a lot of time. You will be guided through a process for managing your underground sprinkler system using an automatic controller. For those living in the arid environment of eastern Washington State, this publication will help you maintain your lawn, save money on water bills, and conserve water
HR Source Newsletter, April 2025
No full textIn this issue of HR Source (a newsletter for Washington State University employees): Elevating Cougs Returns This October; HRS Summer Hours; Update to Job Posting Close Dat
THE RELATION AMONG ACCULTURATION, EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONING, AND SYMPTOMS OF ASD, ADHD, ODD, AND CD IN CHILDREN
Full text linkResearch has shown that individuals with higher levels of acculturation may have an advantage pertaining to tasks of executive functioning (EF) due to greater mental flexibility and inhibition of non-relevant stimuli. However, the extent of this advantage is unknown especially when considered within the context of childhood neurodevelopmental and conduct related disorders. The current study aimed to understand the relation between acculturation and EF and to understand the potential impact acculturation may have on the relation between symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and oppositional defiant disorder/conduct disorder (ODD/CD) and EF. The study found a positive correlation between caregiver-reported EF and Level of Acculturation and a negative correlation between caregiver-reported EF and Difference in Acculturation. However, these results were not supported by the EF testing data, where none of the EF variables were significantly correlated with either acculturation variable. Further, none of the moderated multiple regression analyses produced significant results, suggesting that neither Level of Acculturation nor Difference in Acculturation moderated the relation between clinical symptoms of ASD, ADHD, ODD, or CD and performance on neurocognitive tasks of EF. These results suggest that caregivers notice EF changes that are significantly correlated with child acculturation, but that these changes are not evident in EF task performance
Gallbladder Sludge in Cats Associations With Bile Culture, Liver Enzymes, and Cholangiohepatitis in 166 Cases
Full text linkObjectives: To determine the clinical relevance of gallbladder sludge (GBS) in cats by assessing its association with neutrophilic cholangitis/cholangiohepatitis (NC/CH), bile culture results, serum biochemical abnormalities, and ultrasonographic findings suggestive of pancreatitis or small intestinal thickening.Methods: A retrospective review was performed on 166 cats that underwent percutaneous ultrasound-guided cholecystocentesis. Data collected included ultrasonographic presence of GBS, bile culture and cytology results, liver enzyme activities, total bilirubin concentration, and final diagnosis of NC/CH. Statistical associations were evaluated using Fisher’s exact test and odds ratios.Results: GBS was identified in 107/166 (64%) cats. There was no significant association between GBS and positive bile culture, bactibilia, or NC/CH (p > 0.84), nor with elevated ALP or total bilirubin (p > 0.8). Cats with GBS were more likely to have normal ALT activity compared to GBS-negative cats (OR 0.42, p = 0.025). Among GBS-positive cats, the presence of concurrent pancreatitis or intestinal thickening did not significantly increase the likelihood of NC/CH. A non-significant trend was observed between elevated ALT and NC/CH in GBS-positive cats (OR 2.53, p = 0.135).Conclusions and Relevance: Gallbladder sludge is a frequent ultrasonographic finding in cats but does not reliably predict biliary infection or inflammation. These findings suggest that GBS should not be used in isolation to guide antimicrobial therapy or bile sampling. Clinical judgment and supporting diagnostic data remain essential in evaluating suspected hepatobiliary disease
WSU Organic Farm Newsletter, 2025
No full textNewsletters documenting activities and crops at the Washington State University Eggert Family Organic Farm
Criminal Justice News, Spring 2025
No full textIn this issue: CSI Lab, Graduate Spotlight, Undergraduate Update, Criminology and Criminal Justice Spotlight, Alumni New
INTERVERTEBRAL DISC DISEASE (IVDD) RECURRENCE IN FRENCH BULLDOGS A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY
Full text linkSetting - Washington State University Veterinary Teaching Hospital (WSU VTH).Animals - French Bulldogs presented to WSU VTH between 2010 and 2023 with confirmed or presumptive IVDD diagnoses.Procedures - Medical records were reviewed for diagnosis, clinical presentation, recurrence status, and diagnostic imaging results. Each case was categorized by treatment modality (surgical, medical, or combination), diagnostic method (MRI or clinical suspicion), and presence of congenital comorbidities. Cases with multiple consultations were flagged as recurrent.Results - Of the 74 French Bulldogs included, 23 (31%) experienced a recurrence of IVDD. Recurrence was defined as patients that returned to WSU VTH or presented to WSU VTH for a recurrent event from a referring veterinarian (rDVM), with clinical signs consistent with IVDD. These were confirmed or considered presumptive based on neurologic examination and diagnostic imaging. Cases of diskospondylitis, neoplasia, or suspected meningoencephalomyelitis of unknown etiology (MUE) were excluded. Recurrent cases were distributed across cervical, thoracolumbar, and lumbosacral regions, with a slight predominance in T3–L3 lesions. MRI was used in 85% of confirmed diagnoses. Surgical treatment alone or in combination with medical management was utilized in over 60% of recurrent cases. Medical-only cases showed fewer recurrences, possibly due to underdiagnosis or lack of imaging followup.Clinical Significance - French Bulldogs are at high risk for IVDD recurrence. Early imaging, precise diagnosis, and careful post-treatment monitoring are crucial. These findings support individualized treatment plans and enhanced client education to address long-term neurologic risk
