International Journal of Business, Law, and Education
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The Role of Talent Management and Employee Engagement in MSMEs Going International
Full text linkAs micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) increasingly pursue international expansion, the role of human capital becomes a strategic determinant of success. This study examines the impact of talent management and employee engagement on the internationalization of MSMEs. Talent management practices—including recruitment, development, and retention of high-potential employees—are critical in building the capabilities required to compete in global markets. Simultaneously, high levels of employee engagement foster commitment, innovation, and adaptability, which are essential in navigating the challenges of international operations. Using qualitative and quantitative methods, this research identifies key strategies that link effective talent management and engagement practices with improved organizational performance in global contexts. The findings suggest that MSMEs investing in integrated talent and engagement strategies are better positioned to sustain growth and competitiveness beyond domestic boundaries
Can Smart Contracts Have a Legality Valid in Indonesia?
Full text linkThe development of digital technology has encouraged the use of smart contracts as an instrument for automating agreements in Blockchain-based electronic transactions. In the context of Indonesian law, the validity of a smart contract must meet the legal requirements for an agreement, as regulated in Article 1320 of the Civil Code, which includes the agreement between the parties, legal capacity, a transparent object of the agreement, and lawful causes. Additionally, data verification in smart contracts is a key element in guaranteeing the security, authenticity, and transparency of e-commerce transactions, which is related to the provisions in the ITE Law and the PDP Law. This verification aims to prevent data manipulation, reduce the risk of fraud, and increase trust in transactions by using encryption technology, digital signatures, and Blockchain-based identity. Smart contracts can be considered valid if they fulfill the terms of the agreement and data security principles, making their use in e-commerce more effective and reliable
Legal Review of the Use of Song Without Consent in Accordance with Law No. 28 of 2014
Full text linkTo produce aesthetically pleasing compositions, musicians employ a variety of instrumental sounds. Copyright refers to the exclusive right of a creator to maintain ownership of their work and to derive economic benefit from it. Under copyright law, the unauthorized use of musical works is strictly prohibited. This study aims to: (1) examine the enforcement of Law No. 28 of 2014 by the Indonesian government in protecting the rights of songwriters; and (2) analyze the implementation of licensing agreements by both producers and users. Employing a normative legal approach, this study emphasizes that the government plays a crucial role in protecting music creators and copyright holders from infringement through legal enforcement. Licensing and registration constitute fundamental components of copyright protection. Moreover, the government is expected to take active measures in raising public awareness about the importance of respecting and protecting intellectual property rights. The primary purpose of licensing agreements is to prevent legal disputes and to deter unauthorized actions by third parties that violate the stipulated terms and conditions
The Impact of Short-Form Video Marketing, Influencer Relatability, and Trust Signals on Gen Z’s Purchase Intention
Full text linkThis study examines the impact of short-form video marketing, influencer relatability, and trust signals on Generation Z’s purchase intention in Indonesia. Using a quantitative approach, data were collected from 400 respondents aged 18 to 27 who actively engage with short-form video platforms such as TikTok, Instagram Reels, and YouTube Shorts and have made recent online purchases. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that all three variables significantly and positively influence purchase intention, with influencer relatability showing the strongest effect. The findings underscore the importance of authentic influencer connections, engaging video content, and transparent trust signals in shaping the purchasing decisions of digital-native consumers. This research offers valuable implications for marketers seeking to optimize digital marketing strategies tailored to Generation Z’s unique preferences and behaviors
Analysis of the Implementation of Criminal Sanctions for Employer Non-Compliance in Paying Contributions BPJS Health
Full text linkHealth insurance is implemented with the aim of ensuring that participants receive health care benefits and protection to meet their basic health needs. However, many companies still violate Article 19 (1) or (2) of the BPJS Law, which states that companies have not complied with collecting, paying, and depositing premiums that are the responsibility of employees from their company to the Social Security Agency for Health (BPJS Kesehatan), resulting in many companies defaulting on BPJS Kesehatan insurance premiums and directly harming their employees who cannot utilize health insurance when they need health services. This study aims to analyze the application of criminal sanctions for companies non-compliance with BPJS Kesehatan insurance premium payments. The research method used is socio-legal empirical research. Employees who have not registered as BPJS participants and have never paid premiums cannot be categorized as participants. There are three conditions that lead to the imposition of criminal sanctions under Article 55 of the BPJS Law: (1) the company does not collect premiums that should be covered by the employees themselves; (2) the company have collected premiums that should be covered by employees, but the company didn’t deposit them to BPJS; (3) company do not pay and deposit premiums that are their responsibility to BPJS
Legitimacy of Police Assistance Requests in Pursuit Without Police Report: A Review of the Case of Shooting a Car Rental Boss by TNI AL Personnel
Full text linkLaw enforcement in Indonesia often experiences significant difficulties, especially regarding state apparatus. This study investigates the case of the shooting of a car rental entrepreneur by members of the Indonesian Navy. It assesses the legitimacy of police actions that rejected the request of the victim's family in an emergency without an official report. The goal is to determine the legitimacy of police actions that reject the request of the victim's family in an emergency. The normative juridical method used is a case study. This method analyzes the literature, regulations, expert opinions, legal documents, and legal legitimacy theory of Soerjono Soekanto. The results show that although police reports are administratively necessary, procedures must be flexible in emergencies to guarantee legal protection. An over-reliance on formal processes can hinder access to substantive justice. To maintain public legitimacy and trust in policing, this study emphasizes the importance of policy reform to balance legal compliance and operational responsiveness.
The Influence of Financial Literacy, Risk Perception, and Religiosity on Investment Decision in Islamic Financial Products
Full text linkThis study investigates the influence of Financial Literacy, Risk Perception, and Religiosity on Investment Decision in Islamic financial products. A structural equation modeling approach using SmartPLS was applied to a sample of individuals who are potential investors in Islamic financial products. The results indicate that Financial Literacy and Religiosity have a significant positive impact on investment decisions, with Religiosity showing the strongest influence. Risk Perception also significantly affects investment decisions, although to a lesser extent. The model explains 54.2% of the variance in Investment Decision, with a Q² value of 0.387, suggesting good predictive relevance. These findings highlight the importance of enhancing financial literacy programs and addressing religious considerations to promote investment in Islamic financial products. The study contributes to the understanding of how personal and religious factors influence investment behavior in the context of Islamic finance
The Role of Remote Work Flexibility, Organizational Justice, and Psychological Safety on Disrectionary Work Behavior
Full text linkThis study examines the role of remote work flexibility, organizational justice, and psychological safety in influencing discretionary work behavior among employees. As organizations increasingly adopt hybrid and remote work models, understanding how workplace flexibility and psychological and structural fairness impact employee behavior beyond formal job descriptions has become essential. Using a quantitative approach, data were collected from a sample of employees across various industries and analyzed using SPSS version 26. Descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression were conducted to explore the relationships among the variables. The results demonstrate that all three independent variables—remote work flexibility, organizational justice, and psychological safety—have a significant positive effect on discretionary work behavior. These findings suggest that organizations that provide flexible work arrangements, uphold fairness, and create psychologically safe environments can encourage employees to exhibit behaviors that benefit the organization beyond their core responsibilities. The implications of this study contribute both theoretically and practically to the fields of organizational behavior and human resource management by offering insights into how non-obligatory employee behaviors can be fostered through supportive work environments
Exploring the Influence of Purpose-Driven Culture, Work-Life Integration, and Digital Competency on Gen Z Employee Retention
Full text linkThis study investigates the influence of purpose-driven culture, work-life integration, and digital competency on Gen Z employee retention in the modern workplace. As Gen Z increasingly becomes a dominant workforce demographic, understanding the factors that shape their intention to stay within organizations is critical for HR strategy and organizational sustainability. Using a quantitative approach, data were collected through an online structured questionnaire from a sample of Gen Z employees across various industries. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression via SPSS. Results revealed that all three independent variables—purpose-driven culture, work-life integration, and digital competency—had significant and positive effects on employee retention intention. These findings highlight the need for organizations to align with generational values, provide supportive and flexible work environments, and enhance digital capabilities to improve retention rates. The study offers practical and theoretical implications for managing Gen Z talent and building a resilient, future-ready workforce
The Correlation Between School Climate and Teacher Job Satisfaction at Inclusive School in Martapura
Full text linkThis study aimed to explore the school climate at SMK Negeri 1 Martapura, assess the level of teacher job satisfaction, and examine the correlation between school climate and teacher job satisfaction. A survey method with a correlation approach was employed, using questionnaires distributed to 25 teachers at SMK Negeri 1 Martapura as respondents. To collect data on variables X (school climate) and Y (teacher job satisfaction), a Likert-scale questionnaire was used as the research instrument. The results of this study indicated that teachers perceive their school climate as an open type; however, the intimacy dimension remains relatively low. In addition, many teachers at SMK Negeri 1 Martapura reported a moderate level of job satisfaction. The product-moment correlation coefficient test yields a count of 0.612, which is greater than the table of 0.396 at a 5% significance level. This demonstrates a positive correlation between school climate and teacher job satisfaction