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A Simulation Framework to Understand the Error Generation and Propagation of Quantum Algorithms
Get PDFIn this work, we present a Python framework designed to demonstrate various error types within quantum circuits through the utilization of probabilistic data obtained from quantum computers. The framework serves as a valuable tool for monitoring and mitigating errors across all stages of quantum circuits involving multiple qubits and gates. Leveraging the Harrow-Hassidim-Lloyd (HHL) quantum circuit, we conduct an analysis of errors on an IBM quantum computer and subsequently optimize the circuit. The paper introduces an automated methodology for computing single bit-flip errors and propagation errors, and gate errors offering insights into opportunities for mitigating errors in the context of the HHL quantum circuit
Teacher and Student Perspectives of Technology Use in Elementary School Classrooms
Get PDFThis study explored student and teacher perspectives of technology use at Franklin Elementary School in South San José, CA, using qualitative, quantitative, and observational methods, including interviews, observations, and surveys. Thirteen teachers responded to a survey on educational technology use. Among this group, eleven provided interviews, and nine invited classroom observations from 1st through 6th grades. Additionally, sixty-nine 3rd to 6th-grade students were surveyed about their views on technology use. The study found that technology use in teaching is widespread and integral, not just an add-on. Observations and teacher interviews showed high engagement and interest in technology tools, primarily supporting the lower levels of Bloom\u27s Digital Taxonomy (BDT). Recommendations include professional development and collaboration opportunities for teachers to integrate activities engaging Bloom’s higher levels of thinking, such as analyzing and evaluating. Teachers also called for better vetting of products to ensure ethical and safe technology use in schools. Due to the limited and small sample size, findings may not be generalizable. Given the rapid pace of technological evolution, highlighted by the fast adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) tools in education during the research period, the study concludes with a need for ongoing research into the ethical and privacy implications of technology use in education
Rapid Responses to Drought in a Rare California Annual (San Francisco collinsia, Collinsia multicolor)
No full textAs climate change continues and the frequency and intensity of droughts become more prevalent in some regions, plant populations are facing greater ecological pressures. The objective of this study was to observe the response of a rare plant species to an extreme drought event associated with climate change. To study this response, we collected seeds from three populations of Collinsia multicolor (San Francisco collinsia, Plantaginaceae) found in central California both before and after the state\u27s historic 2012-2016 drought. We conducted a greenhouse study to examine contemporary evolution between the collection years, and included a drought treatment to study plasticity. We measured three traits that indicate life history, morphological, and physiological responses to drought, including flowering time, stomatal density, and chlorophyll fluorescence. In the two coastal populations, where interannual moisture variation is greatest, we observed evolution only in stomatal density, while we observed plasticity in all measured traits. In contrast, the driest inland population showed no response to the drought or to the watering treatments, which is consistent with other studies that have found less response to drought in pre-adapted populations. Overall, our results suggest that plasticity is favored in variable environments. However, they also highlight that the pace of evolution may be insufficient to respond to current environmental change
Li, Hua Harry
No full textUniversity of Iowa, Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE), Doctor of Philosophy, 1989 University of Iowa, Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE), Master of Science, 1984 Tianjin University, Tianjin, China, Electronics Engineering, Bachelor of Science,1981 Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, Graduate School, Electronic/Electrical Engineer, 1982
University of Iowa, MS and PhD all on full scholarshiphttps://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/erfa_bios/1390/thumbnail.jp
Solvation free energy in governing equations for DNA hybridization, protein–ligand binding, and protein folding
Get PDFThis work examines the thermodynamics of model biomolecular interactions using a governing equation that accounts for the participation of bulk water in the equilibria. In the first example, the binding affinities of two DNA duplexes, one of nine and one of 10 base pairs in length, are measured and characterized by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) as a function of concentration. The results indicate that the change in solvation free energy that accompanies duplex formation (ΔGS) is large and unfavorable. The duplex with the larger number of G:C pairings yields the largest change in solvation free energy, ΔGS = +460 kcal·mol−1per base pair at 25 °C. A van\u27t Hoff analysis of the data is complicated by the varying degree of intramolecular base stacking within each DNA strand as a function of temperature. A modeling study reveals how the solvation free energy alters the output of a typical ITC experiment and leads to a good, though misleading, fit to the classical equilibrium equation. The same thermodynamic framework is applied to a model protein–ligand interaction, the binding of ribonuclease A with the nucleotide inhibitor 3′-UMP, and to a conformational equilibrium, the change in tertiary structure of α-lactalbumin in molar guanidinium chloride solutions. The ribonuclease study yields a value of ΔGS = +160 kcal·mol−1, whereas the folding equilibrium yields ΔGS ≈ 0, an apparent characteristic of hydrophobic interactions. These examples provide insight on the role of solvation energy in binding equilibria and suggest a pivot in the fundamental application of thermodynamics to solution chemistry
Spartan Daily, September 25, 2024
Get PDFVolume 163, Issue 14https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/spartan_daily_2024/1057/thumbnail.jp
Spartan Daily, October 23, 2024
Get PDFVolume 163, Issue 26https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/spartan_daily_2024/1069/thumbnail.jp
Artificial Intelligence for Pedestrian and Bicyclist Safety: Using AI to Detect Near-Miss Collisions
Get PDFNear-Miss Collisions are events that, with a slight change in position or timing, could have resulted in a collision, which could have caused severe injury or property damage. Understanding near-miss collisions can help identify risks and potentially improve road safety. In this project, we developed an effective end-to-end system based on advanced artificial intelligence (AI) models and computer vision algorithms to detect and report near-miss collisions as an important indicator to identify and measure safety risks, especially in specific circumstances such as a right turn on a red light. The main objective is to improve the safety of pedestrians and bicyclists, by applying automated AI-powered systems to detect accident risks for pedestrians and cyclists. The developed system includes algorithms for detecting and tracking all traffic objects including pedestrians and bicyclists, as well as algorithms for estimating collision risks and detecting near misses. We evaluated the developed system on real videos captured by actual traffic cameras in the city of Los Angeles. Despite the low quality of some of the videos, our results demonstrate high accuracy of the developed models in identifying traffic collision risks and detecting near-misses. The information generated by the developed system allows us to enhance safety measures for pedestrians and bicyclists while simultaneously optimizing traffic flow
Spartan Daily, November 5, 2024
Get PDFVolume 163, Issue 31https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/spartan_daily_2024/1075/thumbnail.jp