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The Case Against Police Militarization: Stop Turning Police into Soldiers
Get PDFThis paper will critically explore police militarization in the United States, highlighting its origins, implications, and the urgent need to demilitarize them. The rise of militarized police forces began in the 1960s—the War on Drugs and federal programs that allowed military equipment to be transferred to local police departments made their expansion even more possible. Due to this expansion, this paper discusses that police should not be militarized because it increases violence, disproportionately affects marginalized communities, particularly racial minorities, and ultimately fails to reduce crime. Evidence suggests that militarized police forces foster systemic inequalities that are rooted in historical racism—a pattern seen throughout history regarding police. This paper concludes with policy implications to tackle such issues, such as enhanced training, particularly Crisis Intervention Teams, and eliminating or reallocating federal grants that support police militarization. These two policies will cause a paradigm shift in policing that prioritizes equity, trust, and community safety. It will ultimately urge a transformation of the justice system to serve all citizens better
Understanding Deviance Through General Strain Theory: A Study of the Chowchilla Bus Kidnapping
Get PDFThe following paper demonstrates the validity of Robert Agnew’s general strain theory. In particular, the paper thoroughly examines empirical support for general strain theory, applies the theory to the infamous 1976 Chowchilla bus kidnapping, and introduces policy recommendations. The paper finds support, limitations, and suggestions for general strain theory through qualitative literature analysis. Clear connections are made between the empirical findings of the theory and the motivation behind the kidnapping. In particular, the paper highlights the significance of financial strain, emotions, and opportunity as motivators in the Chowchilla case. Policy recommendations are made in connection with the theory application to the case study, recommending an emphasis on job skill-building training and emotional regulation workshops to deter crime
Superconducting Quantum Chip Design and Simulation
Get PDFThis work presents a comprehensive analytical and simulation-based study of superconducting quantum chip architectures, spanning both 2D planar and 3D-integrated designs. We first design and simulate a planar quantum chip layout using Qiskit Metal, which is imported into Ansys HFSS (High Frequency Structure Simulator) to construct a 3D model and perform electromagnetic simulations. A detailed analysis using Driven Modal, Eigenmode, Magnetostatic, and Q3D Capacitance Extraction solvers ensures our simulations accurately reflect physical behavior. The results are validated against analytical models from microwave engineering. pyEPR (Python Energy Participation Ratio) is used to extract key quantum metrics, including eigenfrequencies, quality factors, decoherence times, anharmonicity, cross-Kerr interactions, and participation ratios. Building on this planar design, we extend our study to a 3D-integrated flip-chip architecture featuring two superconducting qubits fabricated on separate high-resistivity silicon substrates. Using HFSS and analytical modeling, we show that detuned qubits maintain stable eigenfrequencies, quality factors, decoherence times, anharmonicity, and cross-Kerr interactions over varying substrate separation values. However, the introduction of dielectric loss tangents reduces quality factors which degrades coherence times and introduces an additional dephasing. These findings highlight the potential of 3D quantum integration, given minimal material imperfections.The planar and 3D designs together form a cohesive investigation into next-generation quantum hardware, with the 2D layout currently taped-out and under fabrication
One Nation Under Guard
Get PDFThe rise of segments of the labor force devoted to functions other than production has received increased scholarly attention, particularly pertaining to the robust deployment of the police and criminal justice apparat in the neoliberal era. Critical perspectives align the rise of the securitization of society with political and economic transitions that occur within the contexts of changes to social inequality and crackdowns on social movements beginning in the 1970s. In a theoretical construction of the emerging concept of guard labor, this thesis finds that robust societal deployments of a form of functional labor used to entrench social inequality has arisen under a veil of crime control, which produces new classes of guards for maintaining compliance within a system characterized by neoliberal insecurity
An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of Black Female Swimmers\u27 Experiences of Belonging
Get PDFAlthough swimming participation has grown in the United States, the experiences of Black female swimmers remain significantly underrepresented in academic literature. This study addresses that gap by exploring the lived experiences of Black women participating in Division 1 (D1) college swimming. Using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) and Black feminist thought, the research explored how Black female D1 swimmers experienced belonging in this underrepresented sport. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine D1 Black female swimmers, and six major themes illustrate the varied factors that shaped their experiences of belonging. Even with racially gendered barriers to inclusion, they identified strategies to foster belonging and resilience amidst structural and interpersonal challenges. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of race, gender, and belonging in sport and have insights for professionals working with Black female athletes in underrepresented spaces, as it relates to fostering belonging and inclusivity for this group. By amplifying the voices of Black female swimmers, this study not only brings attention to their often-overlooked experiences but also highlights the need for systemic change to promote equity and inclusion in swimming
Spartan Daily, August 26, 2025
Get PDFVolume 165, Issue 2https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/spartan_daily_2025/1044/thumbnail.jp
