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Spartan Daily, October 21, 2025
Get PDFVolume 165, Issue 25https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/spartan_daily_2025/1068/thumbnail.jp
Spartan Daily, October 23, 2025
Get PDFVolume 165, Issue 27https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/spartan_daily_2025/1070/thumbnail.jp
Cultural Influences on Parental Advocacy for Inclusion: Experiences of South Asian Families With Children with Extensive Support Needs
Get PDFThis qualitative study examined the cultural factors in parental advocacy in South Asian parents of children with extensive support needs (ESN), concerning the educational placement decisions for their children. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and analyzed using thematic coding. The findings revealed that the predominant preference for segregated educational settings among participants was shaped by various cultural influences: persistent social stigma surrounding disability, a culturally-rooted belief in the curability of the disability, the prioritization of safety over academic integration, perceived inadequacies within general education settings, institutional pressures from school or IEP recommendations, advocacy for intensive home-based instruction, and a sense of immigrant gratitude and appreciation for the school system in the host country
What Knowledge Resources Do General Chemistry Students Use to Agree or Disagree with Atomic Level Acid–Base Animations?
No full textAtomic-level visualizations serve as pivotal instructional tools in chemistry education, providing insights into the particulate level of matter, a dimension fundamental, yet typically invisible, in the study of chemistry. This research investigates how students’ engagement with these visualizations influences their conceptual understanding of atomic-level phenomena. Specifically, it examines the knowledge resources used by college chemistry students (n = 15), both current and former General Chemistry students, to agree with visual representations when confronted with conflicting animations depicting atomic level acid–base neutralization reactions. Employing an epistemological framework, the study analyzed video recordings of students constructing and articulating their models and subsequently comparing these models to various animations. Through semi-structured interviews, the study probed into the students’ comparison processes and their formation of statements of agreement or disagreement with specific features of the visualizations. Findings indicate that students predominantly rely on a limited range of knowledge resources when selecting their preferred animations. The study highlights the effectiveness of employing conflicting animations as a strategy to engage students in a more profound comparative analysis. An approach that leverages students’ existing knowledge resources and enhances their overall conceptual understanding of the subject matter. This enhancement occurs irrespective of whether students identify the most accurate animation, suggesting that methodologies engaging students with contrasting animations can foster deeper chemistry comprehension
Felton, Norborn M. L. (1922-2024)
No full textColumbia University, Sci. Ed., 1959 Ed.D.
Western Washington University, Phys. Sci., 1953 MA Ed.
Western Washington University, Sci. Ed., 1950 BA
Washington State University, Mech. Eng., 1948 BS
University of Washington, Chemistry, 1947 BShttps://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/erfa_bios/1134/thumbnail.jp
Mid-Ocean Ridge (MOR) Ash Dispersal on Axial Seamount, Juan de Fuca Ridge
No full textRare eruption of primitive normal mid-ocean ridge basalt (N-MORB) magma (∼9.5 wt% MgO) on the summit of Axial Seamount generated abundant ash that was dispersed for several km. The unique geochemical signature of this ash deposit is distinct from otherwise typical MORB with more evolved compositions. As such, it is a key marker bed that can be used to track the dispersal of ash from an inferred source. The deposit rapidly fines over 1–4 km and becomes more chemically heterogeneous with distance. Toroidal bottom current circulation around Axial\u27s summit caldera primarily constrained it to the southwest part of the summit with limited dispersal to the southeast and northern flanks. Computer simulations that best match the observed dispersal pattern suggest that ash was lofted to ∼250 masf by a moderate heat transfer rate (∼109 W) from a small hydrothermal megaplume and co-genetic lava flow. Models invoking lower heat transfer rates from just a cooling lava flow could only loft the finest material to \u3c225 m above the seafloor, and could not recreate the observed dispersal pattern, even under a strong bottom current regime. Radiocarbon ages and lithostratigraphy imply that the marker bed formed ∼600 years BP, after caldera formation, which occurred sometime between 1400 and 1000 years BP. Chemostratigraphic trends show that eruptions tapped more primitive magmas (8.0–9.7 wt% MgO) for several hundreds of years after caldera formation. This observation is interpreted to reflect catastrophic changes in crustal permeability that reduced the volume and magma storage times in crustal reservoirs, which in turn allowed magmas to rapidly ascend to the surface
A Context-Sensitive Roadway Classification Framework for Speed Limit Setting in the US
No full textIn the US, speed limit setting (SLS) procedures have historically relied on driver-behavior-based methods, such as the 85th percentile speed, which are considered objective and allow for consistent application. However, this approach has notable shortcomings, including drivers’ tendency to underestimate their speeds, speed creep, and insufficient consideration of vulnerable road users, which may conflict with the Safe System Approach and Vision Zero initiatives endorsed by the USDOT (US Department of Transportation). In contrast, context-sensitive approaches, which classify roads based on roadway typologies, have been developed in countries like New Zealand, Sweden, the Netherlands, and Australia. While effective, these approaches have largely been applied outside the US, leaving many US roads with speed limits that may not fit their surroundings or adequately address pedestrian and cyclist safety. Drawing on New Zealand\u27s One Network Framework, we developed a US-based, context-sensitive roadway classification framework for urban and suburban areas that incorporates “Place,” which captures surrounding land uses and locational contexts, and “Movement,” which relates to the road\u27s transport function. Using nationally available data from the Smart Location Database (SLD) and the Highway Performance Monitoring System (HPMS), we evaluated our roadway classification framework through internal reviews by our research team and external interviews with state-level practitioners, uncovering both opportunities and challenges in adopting a context-sensitive SLS approach in the US. Our findings demonstrate the feasibility of creating an objective context-sensitive roadway classification in the US and offer insights for developing new speed-limit guidance aligned with the Safe System framework
Aerosol-Cloud Interactions in Cirrus Clouds Based on Global-Scale Airborne Observations and Machine Learning Models
No full textCirrus cloud formation and evolution are subject to the influences of thermodynamic and dynamic conditions and aerosols. This study developed near global-scale in situ aircraft observational datasets based on 12 field campaigns that spanned from the polar regions to the tropics from 2008 to 2016. Cirrus cloud microphysical properties were investigated at temperatures ≤-40 °C, including ice water content (IWC), ice crystal number concentration (Ni), and number-weighted mean diameter (Di). Positive correlations were found between the fluctuations of these ice microphysical properties and the fluctuations of aerosol number concentrations for larger (\u3e500 nm) and smaller (\u3e100 nm) aerosols (i.e. Na500 and Na100, respectively). Steeper linear regression slopes were seen for large aerosols compared with smaller aerosols. Machine learning (ML) models showed that using relative humidity with respect to ice (RHi) as a predictor significantly increased the accuracy of predicting cirrus occurrences compared with temperature, vertical velocity (w), and aerosol number concentrations. The ML predictions of IWC fluctuations showed higher accuracies when larger aerosols were used as a predictor compared with smaller aerosols, even though their effects were similar when predicting cirrus occurrences. To predict IWC magnitudes accurately, aerosol concentrations were particularly important at 50 to 250 s scales (i.e. 10-50 km) and showed increasing effects at low temperatures, small ice supersaturation, and strong updraughts/- downdraughts. These results improve the understanding of aerosol-cloud interactions and can be used to evaluate model parameterizations of cirrus cloud properties and processes
Transgender and Nonbinary People\u27s Perceptions of Their State Context, Gender Minority Stress, and Mental Health: A Mixed Methods Study
No full textTransgender and nonbinary (TNB) people experience gender minority stressors that adversely affect their mental health and wellbeing, all of which are shaped by sociopolitical contexts. We explored TNB participants\u27 (N = 150) perceptions of how affirming their state was and associations with minority stress and mental health variables. Qualitative themes included: (1) Degrees of stigma depend on who you are; (2) Stigma persists even with small positive advancements; (3) Cis people take an ‘out of sight, out of mind’ approach to TNB people; and (4) It\u27s in the air we breathe: Cissexism is an individual, cultural, and structural issue. Across states, 41.8% of participants described views towards TNB people as negative, 41.8% as mixed, 5% as positive, 3.2% as neutral, 2.5% were unsure, and 0.6% were coded as unclear. Depression, past year enacted stigma, and negative expectations were significantly higher in negative contexts than in mixed contexts. These findings suggest that stigma and marginalisation persist across contexts, including relatively supportive places, and emphasise the importance of understanding within-state variability in terms of contextual drivers of mental health. Furthermore, anti-trans political climates have significant implications for TNB people\u27s mental health and wellbeing, as well as exposure to minority stressors