International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147- 4478)
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Promoting ethical leadership and good governance: Response to public sector corruption in South Africa
Get PDFCorruption is endemic in public sector institutions in South Africa (SA) and internationally. Although much has been published on public sector corruption in SA in the media, a dearth of literature exists that addresses the subject matter from an empirical perspective. The aim of this paper is to determine the nature and extent of corruption in public sector institutions in SA. The objective of the paper is to provide a solution to address the increasing levels of corruption in the SA public sector. A qualitative inductive research approach was used for this study to generate new insights on corruption from the data. A descriptive research design was therefore deemed appropriate for this purpose. The data for this study was collected from multiple sources; mainly books, academic journals, reports, audio- visual material, newspapers and other records. An extensive literature review was undertaken on the theoretical and conceptual underpinnings of corruption, the nature and extent of corruption in the SA public service. The possible impact of public sector corruption in SA was reported on. The current literature suggests that there are ever increasing levels of corruption in the SA public sector. Also, public sector institutions in SA including State Owned Entities (SOEs) encounter higher levels of corruption owing to various challenges encountered such as ‘the lack of proper internal control mechanisms, a lack of adherence to or disregard for public procurement policies, poor public procurement policies and practices, unethical procurement practices, a lack of whistle-blower’s protection mechanisms, political interference for private gain, and a lack of overall good governance practices such as a lack of transparency in procurement processes and a lack of accountability.’ Based on the findings of the study, recommendations are made to address the significantly increasing levels of corruption in public sector institutions in SA. An ethical leadership and good governance approach is recommended as part of a multi-pronged anti-corruption strategy to address corruption in the SA public sector, which entails amongst others aspects, the revamping or improvement of procurement policies, the strengthening of internal control mechanisms in public institutions; strengthening the adherence to public procurement policies, promoting ethical practices; establishing whistle-blower’s protection mechanisms; enforcing anti-corruption policies and legislation which should include sanctions, the strengthening of good governance and the promotion of ethics, a code of good conduct and professionalism. The aim of the study is to address the fragmented approach to prevent and curb corruption in the SA public sector. The coordination and collaboration between the various law enforcement agencies, and the establishment of a special court for corruption, are other factors to be considered to curb and prevent corruption in the SA public sector. These recommendations could apply to all public sector institutions in SA and abroad
Understanding customer Decision-Making in retail banking: Insights from a selected retail bank in South Africa
Get PDFIn the ever-changing realm of retail banking, it is essential for banks to grasp the elements that affect customer decisions to stay ahead in the competition. This study delves into customer preferences when selecting a bank, focusing specifically on Absa Bank in South Africa. By utilizing a case study approach, the research delves into the factors that influence customer behavior in the retail banking industry. Referencing the consumer decision model, the study investigates various stages such as problem recognition, information search, evaluation of options, purchase decision, and post-purchase assessment. Factors such as security, convenience, assurance, accessibility, and responsiveness are pinpointed as crucial aspects in bank selection. The study employs quantitative research techniques, conducting surveys with Absa Bank customers to dissect their preferences. Findings suggest that transaction fees, corporate image, bank coverage, and size play a significant role in influencing customer decisions. The study emphasizes the importance of addressing these customer-identified factors to deter customer attrition. Recommendations include conducting regular surveys to keep abreast of changing customer preferences and maintaining a competitive edge. The research offered valuable insights that can guide strategic decision-making and marketing efforts in the retail banking sector
Parental perspectives on experiences of provision of education for children with intellectual disabilities in Lesotho
Get PDFThe education law and policies in Lesotho assert that all children have a right to education, however, the application of these frameworks have been slow when it comes to education provision for children with intellectual disabilities. This study explores parental perspectives on experiences of provision of education for children with intellectual disabilities in Lesotho. Data was collected using semi-structured interviews with parents of children with intellectual disabilities. The findings indicate that parents immensely valued education for its advantages, however, they were aware of and disappointed with the inequitable provision of education children with intellectual disabilities were offered, leading to lack of participation and dropouts. The study therefore highlights the need to amplify implementation of evidence-based practices that ensure effective access and provision of quality and equitable education for children with intellectual disabilities.
Keywords: intellectual disabilities, provision of education, education experiences, parental perspectives, Lesoth
Matriarchal leadership as the catalyst for positive change in Africa
Get PDFThis paper aims to investigate how moral and matriarchal leadership might enhance the continent\u27s environment for democracy, improving living and working conditions. African nations historically esteemed the influence of matriarchs; nevertheless, their representation in politics and business has diminished significantly. Africa possesses abundant resources and numerous enduring challenges. Implementing matriarchal leadership paradigms may facilitate the discovery of previously untested solutions. This study employs many research methodologies, including qualitative and quantitative approaches, to comprehensively examine the influence of matriarchal leadership on African governance. In-depth interviews and case studies are employed in the qualitative segment to examine the challenges, experiences, and achievements of women leaders throughout various regions of Africa
Gender equality in South African higher education: A scholarly analysis of the National Development Plan
Get PDFThis study offers a thorough examination of South Africa\u27s National Development Plan (NDP), emphasising its dedication to advancing gender equality in higher education. Notwithstanding constitutional assurances of equality, considerable gender discrepancies endure in South African higher education institutions (HEIs), with women encountering institutional obstacles that impede their entry and achievement. The research utilises a systematic review approach, consolidating current academic literature to discern the problems and opportunities related to the NDP\u27s gender equality objectives. Critical findings indicate that structural obstacles, including socio-cultural views and financial limitations, substantially hinder women\u27s engagement in higher education. The under-representation of women in leadership positions within higher education institutions fosters a cycle of inequity, as cultural beliefs and institutional regulations frequently neglect the distinct problems encountered by female students. The investigation underscores the necessity of employing an intersectional approach to comprehend the intricacies of gender inequality in higher education. This study emphasises the importance of executing targeted interventions and unified national policies to cultivate an inclusive educational environment that empowers women and corresponds with the overarching objectives of sustainable development. By resolving these difficulties, South Africa can advance towards genuine gender equality in its higher education system, thereby fostering national development and social progress
The role of 4IR technologies and organizational culture in enhancing manufacturing supply chain performance
Get PDFThis study seeks to create a model for the management of the steel production supply chain in South Africa amid the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR), tackling persistent interruptions and delays within the supply chain despite current models. A mixed methodology was utilised in the model\u27s development. The qualitative component entailed a Delphi research corroborated by literature to ascertain pertinent hypotheses, whereas the quantitative component validated the model through structural equation modelling (SEM) utilising SmartPLS software. The research delineated a seven-construct framework comprising cooperation, integration, communication, supply chain structure, Fourth Industrial Revolution technology, organisational culture, and trust. The amalgamation of these designs proved enough for improving the efficacy of the steel production supply chain. The research revealed that the use of Fourth Industrial Revolution technologies and the cultivation of a conducive organisational culture are essential for effective supply chain management in the steel manufacturing industry. The research presents a detailed model that facilitates the planning and organisation of steel industry supply networks in South Africa. This approach underscores the necessity of a cooperative organisational culture, client contentment, and the incorporation of Fourth Industrial Revolution technologies. Steel industry stakeholders are urged to implement adaptable supply chain frameworks (lean, agile, leagile) based on project goals. This study enhances theoretical frameworks by highlighting essential features that have not been previously incorporated into supply chain management models for the steel sector, including the integration of Fourth Industrial Revolution technology and organisational culture. It provides actionable insights for stakeholders in steel manufacture, enhancing supply chain performance via the proposed paradigm. The research methodology improves comprehension of supply chain management within the framework of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR)
Does financial stability spur or retard output and price stability in South Africa?
Get PDFFollowing the 2007-2009 global financial crisis, the South African Reserve Bank (SARB) prioritised financial stability. This study assesses the impact of financial stability on South Africa\u27s output and price stability, which is crucial for framing its monetary policy. Utilising a Structural Vector Autoregression (SVAR) approach, the influence of the Financial Conditions Index (FCI) on the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Consumer Price Index (CPI) between 1960Q1 and 2022Q4 was analysed. Results revealed a strong connection between these objectives. GDP drops after an FCI disturbance, whereas the CPI trends upwards when the SARB counters financial imbalances. This vital finding indicates a positive relation between enhanced financial conditions and output stabilisation but reveals a trade-off between price and financial stability. After a GDP shock, financial conditions improve, but they deteriorate following a CPI shock. If the SARB reacts by "mopping up" post-crisis, the policy rate typically drops, pointing to potential financial vulnerabilities. Both GDP and CPI react positively to FCI disturbances when SARB is passive. The evidence suggests that while financial stability bolsters output stability, it might endanger price stability. Thus, amongst other recommendations, South Africa\u27s monetary policy authorities must lean against financial imbalances instead of mopping after a crisi
Exploring the use of Khundavhalai in Vhavenda culture
Get PDFIn Vhavenda culture, a child who acts disrespectfully towards society is called “khundavhalai”, which means the one who has overcome those meant to guide them. This paper aims to explore the role of Khundavhalai in Vhavenda culture as they places a great importance on respect for elders and authority figures, and the term "khundavhalai" is frequently used to characterise a child who disobeys them. An exploratory qualitative narrative inquiry was used, and data was collected through interviews. Purposive sampling was used to select six Vhavenda-speaking elders who were knowledgeable about the expression. Data was merged into relevant themes using thematic analysis. This study was grounded in the Sankofa and Afro-centric theory as its theoretical framework. The main findings of the study demonstrated that (i) Khundavhalai” as an expression of Vhavenda culture, (ii) “Khundavhali” refers to a lack of awareness or understanding of the customs and traditions of a particular culture and finally Khundavhalai" refers not just to the child\u27s behaviour, but also to broader social concerns in the Vhavenda community. Preserving culture in Vhavenda and similar societies involves teaching younger generations about their cultural heritage through schools, community programs, and family practices. Encouraging involvement in cultural events and practices to strengthen social bonds and foster a sense of identity and belonging. It’s crucial to maintain traditional practices while also adapting them to fit modern contexts, so they stay relevant and meaningful in today’s world. Neglecting indigenous practices could lead to more disobedient children and the erosion of cultural traditions, potentially causing language decline and further cultural loss
Work motivation and work-life balance on employee performance as mediated by job satisfaction
Get PDFThis study examines the effect of work motivation and work-life balance on employee performance with job satisfaction mediation. This study is a type of quantitative research with a data collection method using a questionnaire. The research sample was 185 nursing staff at X Hospital. This study uses non-probability sampling with the Quota sampling type. The data analysis technique used is SEM-PLS. The results of the study indicate that work motivation cannot improve employee performance. However, work-life balance can improve employee performance. Work motivation can improve employee job satisfaction, while work-life balance cannot improve job satisfaction. Job satisfaction can improve employee performance. Job satisfaction can mediate Work Motivation in improving performance but cannot mediate Work-Life Balance in improving employee performance. The study results suggest that Hospital X should pay more attention to employees by providing motivation and implementing an excellent work-life balance as a reference for employees\u27 work
Psycho-social factors are the key contributory elements toward the academic performance of grade 12 physical sciences learners in the Mandeni circuit in KZN
Get PDFThis study investigated the implications of psychosocial factors (PSFs), a significant determinant of academic achievement, on learners studying physical sciences in grade 12 at Mandeni Kwa-Zulu Natal. In the physical sciences, South African learners are doing poorly. Low socioeconomic status tends to be experienced by the majority of learners pursuing physical sciences, and this has been associated with poor educational achievement in high school. Participants selected using a purposive sampling technique from the accessible population, 105 grade 12 physical sciences from eight targeted schools in the Mandeni circuit of the ILembe district made up the sample. The study used a mixed approach and a triangulation research design. The questionnaires and interviews were used to collect data. Quantitative data collected were analyzed using SPSS version 20 and thematic analysis was used for interviews. The findings revealed that learners studying physical sciences in grade 12 encountered major obstacles due to psycho-social variables, which negatively impacted their academic performance. The findings of this study are diagnostic, and they assist the Department of Basic Education establish a policy that outlines the requirements or guidelines for selecting Physical Sciences as a subject for a particular field of study. To inspire learners and encourage them to share their ideas with influential people in the science area, the department should collaborate with industries. In Secondary schools, school management teams (SMTs) should establish and put into practice effective policies that work closely with parents and other stakeholders to support the creation of a conducive learning environment at all times. This will improve the academic achievement of learners studying the physical sciences