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Ex vivo expansion of primary cells from limb tissue of Pleurodeles waltl
Get PDFNagasaki University (長崎大学)博士(医学)Pleurodeles waltl is coming to light as a model animal, especially in regeneration studies, but deep studies on the molecular mechanisms have been limited due to the absence of primary tissue cells for wide usage. Therefore, we aimed to grow primary cells from limb tissue of P. waltl for in vitro experiments. Limb tissues were cut into small pieces and seeded as “explants” on culture dishes coated with fibronectin and gelatin. Compared to the control without coating, both fibronectin and gelatin supported quicker outgrowth of cells from explants and faster cell adhesion, and fibronectin showed significantly better performance than gelatin. Interestingly, the doubling time of cells on fibronectin- and gelatin-coated surfaces was almost the same (42.39 ± 2.79 h vs. 42.91 ± 3.69 h) and was not significantly different from that on non-coated plates (49.64 ± 3.63 h). The cryopreserved cells were successfully recovered and showed a multiplication capacity that was similar to that of fresh cells. Senescent cells were barely detected even after long-term sub-culture (>15 passages). Moreover, enhanced fluorescence of MitoSOX™ Red in cells under H2O2 exposure confirmed the respondence to chemical stimuli. Collectively, our results show that we are able to grow enough good-quality cells from P. waltl limb tissue for in vitro experiments, and fibronectin coating provides the best biocompatible environment for cell outgrowth and attachment.長崎大学学位論文 学位記番号:博(医歯薬)甲第1702号 学位授与年月日:令和7年3月19日Author: Md. Mahmudul Hasan, Reiko Sekiya, Tao-Sheng LiCitation: Development, Growth & Differentiation, 65(5), pp.255-265; 2023Nagasaki University (長崎大学), 博士(医学) (2025-03-19)doctoral thesi
Experience conducting COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness studies in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan and the Philippines: lessons for future epidemics and potential pandemics
Get PDFProblem: Once COVID-19 vaccines were rolled out, there was a need to monitor real-world vaccine effectiveness to accumulate evidence to inform policy and risk communication. This was especially true in Japan and the Philippines, given historical issues that affected vaccine confidence. Context: Neither country had public health surveillance that could be enhanced to evaluate vaccine effectiveness or readily available national vaccination databases. Action: Study groups were established in multiple health-care facilities in each country to assess vaccine effectiveness against both symptomatic infection and severe disease. Outcome: In Japan, multiple study reports were published in Japanese on the website of the National Institute of Infectious Diseases and presented at the national government’s advisory board. Nationwide media coverage facilitated transparency and increased the confidence of the government and the public in the vaccination programme. In the Philippines, the launch of the study was delayed so as to align the research plan with the interests of various stakeholders and to obtain institutional review board approval. Ultimately, the studies were successfully initiated and completed. Discussion: There were four main challenges in conducting our studies: finding health-care facilities for data collection; obtaining exposure (vaccination) data; identifying epidemiological biases and confounders; and informing policy and risk communication in a timely manner. Preparedness during inter-emergency/epidemic/pandemic periods to rapidly evaluate relevant interventions such as vaccination is critical and should include the following considerations: (1) the establishment and maintenance of prospective data collection platforms, ideally under public health surveillance (if not, clinical research networks or linked databases); (2) uniform and practical protocols considering biases and confounders; and (3) communication with stakeholders including institutional review boards.Western Pacific Surveillance and Response Journal : WPSAR, 16(2), art. no. 1157 ; 2025journal articl
長崎大学日本語・日本文化プログラムの変遷と課題―プログラム評価における自由記述の質的分析―
Get PDF長崎大学留学生教育・支援センター紀要, 7, pp.3-16; 2025departmental bulletin pape
長崎県長崎市三ツ瀬におけるカンムリウミスズメの繁殖確認
Get PDFThe Japanese Murrelet (Synthliboramphus wumizusume) is a rare seabird breeding mainly in southwestern Japan. We report the first confirmed breeding record at Mitsuse, a group of rocky islets off southern Nagasaki City. A nighttime boat survey in April 2024 detected 20 individuals near the islets, and a landing survey in May 2024 confirmed a clutch of two eggs on Hiramitsuse islet. While only one nest was found, the number of individuals observed suggests the presence of ca. 10 breeding pairs. Mitsuse may function as a satellite colony within a regional metapopulation centered around Hahakojima island, located ～30 km away. These findings highlight the importance of small islets as potential breeding sites for this vulnerable species.長崎県生物学会誌, 96, pp.47-50; 2025journal articl
長崎県におけるマダニ類（ダニ目：マダニ亜目：マダニ科）チェックリスト：スコーピングレビュー
Get PDFThis study presents the first regional checklist of hard ticks (Ixodidae) in Japan using a scoping review method. A systematic literature search on Nagasaki Prefecture was conducted across five major academic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, J-STAGE and CiNii) using both English and Japanese keywords. Our analysis identified 17 species belonging to five genera: Amblyomma (one species), Dermacentor (one species), Haemaphysalis (nine species), Ixodes (five species) and Rhipicephalus (one species). Notably, five rare species were documented: Haemaphysalis cornigera, H. phasiana, H. yeni, Ixodes tanuki and Rhipicephalus microplus. This checklist establishes a crucial baseline for understanding tick ecology and tick-borne diseases in a region with a high prevalence of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome and Japanese spotted fever. We highlight the importance of accurate morphological identification alongside molecular analysis in tick taxonomy and discuss the medical significance of key vector species. This resource will support future research and public health interventions in the context of changing climate patterns and evolving host-pathogen relationships in Nagasaki Prefecture. This approach can serve as a model to establish regional checklists across Asian countries, enabling scientists to collaborate across borders, share standardised data and develop comprehensive understanding of tick distribution from local to continental scales.長崎県生物学会誌, 96, pp.51-56; 2025journal articl
Risk Factors and Long‐Term Prognosis for Coinfection of Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Pulmonary Disease and Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis: A Multicentre Observational Study in Japan
Get PDFBackground: Nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) is a chronic respiratory infection with increasing prevalence and mortality worldwide. Coinfection with chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) is a significant complication of NTM-PD, often complicating treatment and resulting in poor prognosis. Objective: In this multicentre, retrospective cohort study, we examined the epidemiology, comorbidities, risk factors for CPA coinfection and long-term prognosis of patients with NTM-PD infected with CPA in Japan. Methods: Patients aged ≥ 18 years with newly diagnosed NTM-PD who visited 18 hospitals between 2010 and 2017 in Kyushu, Japan, were included. Medical records were reviewed for patient characteristics, mycobacterial species, laboratory data, radiological features, Aspergillus coinfection and all-cause mortality rates. Risk factors for CPA coinfection were analysed using multiple logistic regression, and survival analysis was performed before and after propensity score matching with risk factors. Results: Among 1304 patients with NTM-PD, 45 (3.5%) were diagnosed with CPA, including 42 with chronic progressive pulmonary aspergillosis. The risk factors for CPA coinfection included male sex, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, oral corticosteroid use and cavity formation. All-cause mortality was significantly higher in patients with NTM-PD with CPA than in those without CPA (log-rank test, p < 0.001; crude hazard ratio [HR], 3.98). Survival analysis after propensity score matching suggested CPA was an independent poor prognostic factor (log-rank test, p = 0.036; adjusted HR, 1.59). Conclusion: CPA is an independent poor prognostic factor in patients with NTM-PD. Clinicians must consider CPA when treating patients with NTM-PD, particularly those with high-risk factors, to ensure timely diagnosis and management.Mycoses, 68(6), art. no. e70083; 2025journal articl
EPSをセメントグラウトでコーティングしたポンツーンの波応答性状に関する実験的研究
Get PDFA rectangular cuboid composed of cement-grout and Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) has been developed as a piece of connected pontoons. Pontoons were created for use as floating piers. The displacement response of the pontoons to harmonic waves was investigated experimentally. Two pieces of specimens and four pieces of specimens were vibrated using four different waves. The test parameters were the heights of the waves and the periods of the waves. The displacements of the pontoons were observed using motion capture cameras. The maximum relative displacement in the vertical direction was affected by not only the heights of the waves but also the periods of the waves. The maximum response corresponding to the wave periods of 1.5s was three times larger than that of 1.0s even under the same wave height. The distance between the centers of gravity of the connected pontoons was approximately 1300 mm. The ratio of the length of the wave to the distance between pontoons is dominant in the vertical response of the pontoons, which must be controlled in the connection design of the pontoons.長崎大学大学院工学研究科研究報告, 55(105), pp.1-6; 2025departmental bulletin pape
Evaluation of the PATHFAST TB LAM Ag assay as a treatment monitoring tool for pulmonary tuberculosis in Nairobi, Kenya
Get PDFBackground: Treatment monitoring is important in pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) management, since prolonged treatment necessitates regular assessments to prevent treatment failure and the emergence of drug-resistant strains. However, the lack of a simple, rapid, and reliable treatment monitoring tool (TMT) remains a major challenge. We evaluated the utility of measuring sputum lipoarabinomannan (LAM) concentration by the PATHFAST TB LAM Ag assay (PHC Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) as a TMT in patients with PTB in Nairobi, Kenya. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed sputum LAM levels via the PATHFAST TB LAM Ag assay from a Nairobi cohort of patients with PTB and compared these results with conventional microbiological tests (acid-fast bacilli [AFB] smear microscopy; mycobacterial growth indicator tube [MGIT] culture). Stored sputum pellets processed with N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NALC)-NaOH were used for LAM measurement. Serial LAM concentrations measured every 2 weeks over an 8-week period were compared across bacterial load categories to assess correlations with AFB smear grades and culture results using the Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U tests. Results: The 98 patients included here had a median age of 37 years (Interquartile Range: 27–44). The majority were men (74/98, 75.5%) and the MGIT culture was positive for 89 (90.8%) of them. Patients with elevated baseline LAM concentrations showed a significant reduction in LAM levels with treatment (90% median reduction by week 8), whereas those with low baseline LAM concentrations did not show a declining trend. Sputum LAM levels were significantly higher in culture-positive samples compared to culture-negative samples (23.8 pg/mL vs. 10.8 pg/mL, P < 0.001). Sputum LAM levels showed a significant correlation with AFB smear grades, with median concentrations increasing progressively from 11.3 pg/mL in smear-negative samples to 19.7 pg/mL in scanty/1 + samples, and 46.7 pg/mL in 2 + /3 + samples (P = 0.0001). LAM levels were significantly higher in culture-positive/AFB-positive sputum samples (viable bacilli) than in culture-negative/AFB-positive samples (non-viable bacilli) (P < 0.0001). Conclusion: Our findings revealed that sputum LAM concentration declined during TB treatment, particularly among patients with high baseline levels, and correlated with AFB smear grades and culture results. Additionally, LAM concentrations differed between culture-positive and culture-negative samples among AFB smear-positive samples. Further prospective studies are needed to assess LAM levels as a TMT.Tropical Medicine and Health, 53(1), art. no. 89; 2025journal articl
A case of humidifier lung potentially caused by Cryptococcus laurentii
Get PDFHumidifier lung is a type of hypersensitivity pneumonitis caused by repeated inhalation of contaminated humidifier vapor containing antigens. Identification of specific antigens is crucial for the management of hypersensitivity pneumonitis. We report a case of humidifier lung in a 60-year-old man who presented with fever and dyspnea. Bacteriological examination of the humidifier identified Cryptococcus laurentii and antigen identification using the precipitating antibody method was positive for C. laurentii. Although C. laurentii is known to cause opportunistic infections, this case suggests that it may also be a potential causative antigen of humidifier lung in non-immunosuppressed individuals.Respiratory Investigation, 63(6), pp.1046-1049; 2025journal articl