Nagasaki University's Academic Output SITE: NAOSITE
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カンボジア女性の食品摂取の多様性と栄養課題
No full textWomen of reproductive age are vulnerable to nutrition-related issues, and preventing all form of malnutrition is essential to reducing maternal risks during pregnancy and childbirth. One approach to evaluating and improving women's nutritional status is to increase the dietary diversity and achieve the Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women (MDD-W). This study explores the impact of achieving MDD-W on the nutritional status of Cambodian women, using data from Cambodia Demographic and Health Survey 2021-22. The estimated results revealed that no significant impact of MDD-W on nutritional status, as measured by body mass index and short stature. However, dietary diversity was found to have significant effect on the nutrition of women of reproductive age.長崎大学経済学部創立120周年記念論文集経営と経済, 105(1-2), pp.209-231; 2025departmental bulletin pape
もうひとつの120年の物語―フランス政教分離法とライシテの120年―
No full textLaïcité which means the secularity of State is one of the most specific characters of France. It is considered as a core principle of French republic. In addition, France is one of rare countries in the world that Constitution declares Separation between Religion and State as well as U.S.A., South Korea, Turkey and Japan. This article observes how France had decided to make the Law of Separation between Church and State in 1905, then how the idea of Laïcité have been developed as a main principle of nation. It also treats recent situation which makes French people to reconsider the significance of Laïcité.長崎大学経済学部創立120周年記念論文集経営と経済, 105(1-2), pp.343-358; 2025departmental bulletin pape
Study on the impacts of marine debris on fishing operation and their mitigation measures
No full textNagasaki University (長崎大学)博士(水産学)長崎大学学位論文 学位記番号:博(水・環)甲第112号 学位授与年月日:令和7年9月19日Nagasaki University (長崎大学), 博士(水産学) (2025-09-19)doctoral thesi
What characteristics define individuals who serve as kataribe (storytellers) in conveying lessons derived from the unprecedented disaster, including the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident?
No full textOn March 11, 2011, the triple tragedy of an earthquake, tsunami, and nuclear disaster struck Fukushima Prefecture. This study aimed to clarify the characteristics of kataribe (“storytellers”) who experienced the tragedy and conveyed their experiences in Fukushima, especially the struggle to continue as kataribe. A questionnaire survey was conducted from January 15 to July 30, 2024. The quantitative data were analyzed using chi-square tests and logistic regression analysis. The results indicated that most kataribe were satisfied with their current activities, expressed a strong desire to continue, and were highly motivated to improve their skills. However, approximately half of the respondents experienced difficulties in continuing as a kataribe. Moreover, they expressed a lack of confidence in themselves, social understanding, and economic support. The findings of this study highlight the importance of preserving diverse traditional resources, such as kataribe, who promote disaster prevention measures based on their experiences, not as experts but as peer supporters.Frontiers in Communication, 10, art. no. 1627318; 2025journal articl
長崎県五島列島における椿油生産構造の特徴
No full textIn the Gotō Islands of Nagasaki Prefecture, camellia is grown as a traditional natural resource. Camellia trees act as barriers against wind, and the seed oil is used for culinary and cosmetic purposes. The camellia industry is integral to the local economy, with knowledge being handed down through the generations. However, the shift in demographics poses challenges for sustainability. This study outlines the process of camellia oil production on Fukue Island, at the southern end of the Gotō Islands, and offers insights into the sustainability of the sector. Camellia trees are dispersed across the island, some growing in fields and others in natural forests. Residents harvest camellia nuts directly from their own trees, dry them, and sell them to oil refineries. Collecting camellia nuts has traditionally been a minor means of subsistence for the local people, but it is labor-intensive, and with the current gatherers being elderly, its future is uncertain. Since the 2000s, the camellia industry has attracted attention as a tourism asset, leading to initiatives aimed at enhancing the value of camellia oil. Camellia oil production in Gotō, supported by the involvement of multiple participants, including growers, harvesters, and oil pressers, has become not only an indispensable part of the local economy, but also a symbol of the Gotō Islands. The sustainability of the industry faces several challenges, such as the condition of individual trees, fluctuations in seed production due to varying annual fertility rates, profitability of collecting camellia seeds, and an aging workforce. People in Gotō are now trying to solve those problems through the establishment of a non-profit organization and small-scale entrepreneurship.長崎大学総合環境研究, 28(1), pp.13-24; 2025departmental bulletin pape
XTB Nano‐Reactor for Essential Organic Reactions
No full textIn the present study, we have explored the capability of an efficient GFN2-xTB meta-dynamics nano-reactor protocol for essential organic transformations in March's Advanced Organic Chemistry. Specifically, we have examined nucleophilic substitution and the related elimination in detail, and we have validated the protocol for electrophilic aromatic substitution, radical substitution, addition to C═C bond, addition to C═O bond, rearrangement, oxidation, and reduction. For an efficient and realistic nano-reaction, we propose the use of a reactive catalyst, a carefully tuned explicit solvation environment, and, if necessary, multiple simulation temperatures. A limitation of the nano-reactor in its current form is the lack of exchange of chemical species between the (simulated) reaction region and the (non-simulated) environment. Another issue is the use of a constant spin multiplicity that prohibits spin crossover that may occur in the real world. One may also need to adjust the size of the spherical wall potential for reactions that necessitate tighter confinement of the reactants. In a case study, we have examined the hydrothermal liquefaction of some lignin models. The nano-reactions account for key products observed in previous experiments, and they enable us to observe mechanisms that may not be trivially conceived. While there is room for development, with our standardized computational settings the nano-reactor protocol already provides an essentially black-box and efficient approach to examine details of a reaction and to provide hints for tuning real-world reaction conditions.Journal of Computational Chemistry, 46(31), art. no. e70269; 2025journal articl
Mitophagy is responsible to ionizing radiation but plays a very limited role in the radiosensitivity of adenocarcinoma cells
No full textRadioresistance of adenocarcinoma cells limits the efficiency of radiotherapy. In addition to the cell nucleus, ionizing radiation (IR) also induces damage to the mitochondria. Mitophagy, a selective degradation of impaired mitochondria via autophagy, has been found to respond to IR, but its role in the radiosensitivity of adenocarcinoma cells remains unclear. Using several different adenocarcinoma cell lines, we confirmed that exposing the adenocarcinoma cells to 5 Gy X-ray enhanced the expression of some mitophagy receptors and increased mitophagy activity. However, pharmacological inhibition of mitophagy by mdivi-1 did not significantly change the radiosensitivity of HCT116 and A549 cells. Similarly, molecular targeting inhibition of mitophagy by BNIP3L knockdown in HCT116 and A549 cells that showed significant IR-induced BNIP3L up-regulation did also not significantly affect the radiosensitivity of adenocarcinoma cells, although the IR-induced enhancement of mitophagy activity was effectively suppressed. According to our data, mitophagy is responsible to IR but plays a very limited role in the radiosensitivity of adenocarcinoma cells. Further in vivo studies are warranted to elucidate the radiosensitizing effect of targeting mitophagy on malignant tumors.Human Cell, 39(1), art. no. 12; 2025journal articl
Prevalence of HPV vaccine–associated symptoms in unvaccinated Japanese adolescents: A descriptive study from the VENUS study database
No full textBackground: In Japan, the proactive recommendation of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination was suspended in 2013 and resumed in 2022, with the HPV vaccination coverage rate slow to recover following this 9-year pause. The purpose of this study was to calculate the prevalence of diverse symptoms (DS) similar to adverse events following HPV vaccination in unvaccinated individuals. Methods: This population-based descriptive study utilized data from the Vaccine Effectiveness, Networking, and Universal Safety (VENUS) study database, which links National Health Insurance claims and immunization registries in four Japanese municipalities. Unvaccinated persons aged 10–19 years with claims from April 2017 to March 2022 were included. DS were defined using ICD-10 codes for 27 symptoms previously identified in the literature, with persistence exceeding 3 months considered indicative of onset. Cases with identifiable underlying disease were excluded by consensus review of pediatricians. Prevalence of DS was calculated by the fiscal year, age group, and sex. Results: DS occurred in 1891 cases. The overall prevalence of DS was 0.15 %, and prevalence was slightly higher in females than males. The most common symptoms were skin problems (in males aged 10–14 years, 0.83 %), sleep disorders (females aged 15–19 years, 0.44 %), headache (females aged 10–14 years, 0.40 %), and menstrual irregularities (females aged 15–19 years, 0.38 %). No substantial variations in prevalence were observed across municipalities or during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions: Our results provide objective evidence of DS even in Japanese adolescents who have not received the HPV vaccine. These results could help support improving HPV vaccine coverage in Japanese adolescents.Vaccine, 70, art. no. 128020; 2025journal articl
Migration behaviors and place-based recovery after the Fukushima disaster: A comparative study of current residents, regular visitors, and non-visitors
No full textFollowing the 2011 Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident, residents in the heavily affected towns of Tomioka, Okuma, and Futaba were subject to mandatory evacuation. Over a decade later, migration behavior has diverged, with some residents returning, some visiting regularly, and others not returning at all. This study examined the sociocultural and psychosocial factors associated with migration behaviors in the recovery context after the Fukushima disaster. A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted on 1862 individuals registered in the three towns as of 2024. Participants were classified as current residents (both returnees and new settlers), regular visitors, or non-visitors. The results indicated that being a current resident was positively associated with male gender, better physical health (physical component summary score), and willingness to interact with other residents. Conversely, older age (≥ 65 years), cohabiting with family, and anxiety over radiation-related genetic effects were negatively associated with living in the three towns. Regular visit behavior was linked to emotional and cultural motivations—particularly ancestral grave and land management. These findings highlight the interplay between physical capabilities, cultural responsibility, and risk perceptions among post-disaster migrants and suggest that recovery policies should focus on not only physical reconstruction, but also psychosocial needs.Progress in Disaster Science, 28, art. no. 100495; 2025journal articl
Direct detection of Gram-negative bacilli and extended-spectrum β-lactamase producers in positive blood culture specimens using MALDI-TOF MS
No full textBloodstream infections caused by antimicrobial-resistant Gram-negative bacilli are often difficult to treat. Here, we investigated the performance of a workflow for direct detection of Gram-negative bacilli and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producers in positive blood culture (PBC) specimens using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization–time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Samples were prepared from spiked and clinical PBC specimens using a sample preparation kit, and bacterial identification and cephalosporinase activity assays were performed using MALDI-TOF MS. The results were compared with those obtained using the conventional method, which was performed for colonies as routine microbiological testing. Of the 34 spiked PBC specimens prepared using Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates, all 27 ESBL producers tested positive and seven non-producers tested negative for cephalosporinase activity. Of the 111 clinical PBC specimens analyzed, 99 (89.2%) showed concordance with the conventional method results, with scores ≥ 2.00. Among the 54 Enterobacterales, consisting of E. coli, K. pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, and Proteus mirabilis isolates identified in the directly prepared samples, 14 were ESBL producers in the colonies. Of the 14 ESBL producers, 11 (78.6%) were correctly identified as cephalosporinase producers in the directly prepared samples using MALDI-TOF MS. The time required for direct identification (8.4 h) was significantly shorter than that required for conventional identification (15.0 h). Moreover, the time required for cephalosporinase activity detection in the directly prepared samples (9.2 h) was significantly shorter than that required for phenotypic ESBL detection in colonies (32.3 h). This study demonstrates the performance of the workflow for direct detection of Gram-negative bacilli and cephalosporinase activity in ESBL producers from PBC specimens using MALDI-TOF MS.Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, 15, art. no. 1701423; 2025journal articl