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Treatment of Horizontal Root Fractures in Traumatized Maxillary Central Incisors Using Minimally Invasive Surgical and Prosthodontic Foundation Techniques
Get PDFObjective: The aim of this study is to present cases of root preservations in which minor surgery and characteristic multifiber foundation were performed to treat maxillary central incisor root fractures near the bone margin. Clinical Considerations: Two patients experienced root fractures of the central incisors due to short- or long-term trauma. Orthodontic extrusion was not employed in both cases; instead, minimal periodontal surgery was performed as pretreatment. In cases where the patient’s tooth remained intact, fractured pieces were bonded. However, in cases where the root of the tooth was fractured with the prosthesis, a new restoration was fabricated. The roots were constructed using multiple characteristically placed glass fiber posts and materials with high biocompatibility and hydrophilicity as the foundation. Fractured teeth were esthetically restored using conservative or prosthetic treatment methods, resulting in patient satisfaction. No complications were observed at the 4-year follow-up. onclusions: Although horizontal root fractures near the alveolar bone are generally considered to have a poor prognosis and esthetic outcome, they can be restored esthetically with minimal invasion by selecting appropriate procedures and materials.Case Reports in Dentistry, 2025(1), art. no. 9791300; 2025journal articl
Mental health and COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among health-related university students: a cross-sectional multi-center study
Get PDFBackground: The mental health problems during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic may have influenced their decision to receive the COVID-19 vaccine among health-related university students, with potential differences across countries. This study elucidated the association between mental health and COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy of health-related university students in Thailand, Laos, and Japan. We additionally examined the other factors that might relate to COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Methods: The study conducted an online survey from February 4 to 27, 2021, among undergraduate students enrolled in health-related programs at University of Health Sciences (Lao PDR), Walailak University (Thailand), and Nagasaki University (Japan) using a non-probability convenience sampling method. The data were analyzed using multiple logistic regression to identify associations between mental health and self-reported COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and other potential factors. Results: This study analyzed data from 841 students. Japanese students attended hybrid classes (82.45%), while those in Laos and Thailand had entirely online courses. All mental health assessment scores (depression, anxiety, and stress) were higher in Thailand and Laos compared to Japan. Students with very high-stress scores had the highest odds of vaccine hesitancy (aOR 2.67, 95% CI 1.45–4.93). Fear of COVID-19 increased hesitancy, while unbelief in vaccine protection significantly increased it (aOR 2.59, 95% CI 1.86–3.59). Females displayed about two times greater hesitancy (adjusted odds ratio, aOR 2.43, 95% CI 1.68–3.51), which correlated with higher mental health scores. Conclusions: We highlighted a significant association between mental health and self-report COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Interventions, including tailored support, awareness campaigns, and psychological services, can foster trust and vaccine uptake.Tropical Medicine and Health, 53(1), art. no. 71; 2025journal articl
A novel stimulating electrode attachment method designed to maintain electromyography-based neuromuscular monitoring detectability during laparoscopic surgery: a single-center randomized, double-blind, controlled pilot study
Get PDFNagasaki University (長崎大学)博士(医学)Purpose: We evaluated the electromyography (EMG)-based neuromuscular monitoring detectability of our novel stimulating electrode attachment method compared to the original Nihon–Kohden (Tokyo, Japan) attachment method. Methods: This single-center randomized, double-blind, controlled pilot study enrolled 32 patients aged≥18 years, undergoing scheduled laparoscopic surgery. The EMG electrode NM-345Y™ was attached to one forearm using the Nihon–Kohden method (Pattern N–K) and the other forearm using our novel method (Pattern Cross). The allocation to each attachment method was determined post-randomization. In Pattern Cross, the NM-345Y™ was attached such that the line connecting the anode and cathode crosses the ulnar nerve. Patients received 0.9 mg/kg rocuronium after calibration with the forearm in 90-degree supination. Following tracheal intubation, the forearm was positioned in 0-degree pronation. Intraoperatively, 0.2 mg/kg rocuronium was administered if the train-of-four (TOF) count one persisted for 1 min on either side. Post-surgery, the forearm position was returned to 90-degree supination, and rocuronium was antagonized with sugammadex. TOF and post-tetanic count (PTC) were simultaneously measured bilaterally every 15 s and 5 min, respectively, from post-calibration to tracheal extubation. Results: The time to frst PTC appearance was signifcantly shorter by 33 min in the Pattern Cross group than in the Pattern N–K group (95% Confdence interval: 1–66, p=0.043). Following sugammadex administration, TOF ratios≥0.9 were achieved in 72% of patients in the Pattern N–K group and 97% of those in the Pattern Cross group (p=0.025). Conclusions: Crossing the line connecting the anode and cathode with the ulnar nerve stabilizes EMG-based neuromuscular monitoring detectability.長崎大学学位論文 学位記番号:博(医歯薬)甲第1658号 学位授与年月日:令和7年3月19日Author: Shohei Kaneko, Madoka Makino, Yurika Kawazoe, Shuntaro Sato, Akira Iwamizu, Ryu Narimatsu, Hikari Yamaguchi, Kana Miyagawa, Taiga Ichinomiya, Hiroaki Murata, Osamu Yoshitomi, Tetsuya HaraCitation: Journal of Anesthesia, 38, pp.811-820; 2024Nagasaki University (長崎大学), 博士(医学) (2025-03-19)doctoral thesi
γδ T cell-mediated activation of cDC1 orchestrates CD4+ Th1 cell priming in malaria
Get PDFNagasaki University (長崎大学)博士(医学)γδ T cells facilitate the CD4+ T helper 1 (Th1) cell response against Plasmodium infection by activating conventional dendritic cells (cDCs), although the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Our study revealed that γδ T cells promote the complete maturation and production of interleukin-12 and CXCR3-ligands specifically in type 1 cDCs (cDC1), with minimal impact on cDC2 and monocyte derived DCs (Mo-DCs). During the initial infection phase, γδ T cell activation and temporal accumulation in the splenic white pulp, alongside cDC1, occur via CCR7-signaling. Furthermore, cDC1/γδ T cell interactions in the white pulp are amplified through CXCR3 signaling in γδ T cells, optimizing Th1 cell priming by cDC1. We also demonstrated how transitional Th1 cells arise in the white pulp before establishing their presence in the red pulp as fully differentiated Th1 cells. Additionally, we elucidate the reciprocal activation between γδ T cells and cDC1s. These findings suggest that Th1 cell priming is orchestrated by this reciprocal activation in the splenic white pulp during the early phase of blood-stage Plasmodium infection.長崎大学学位論文 学位記番号:博(医歯薬)甲第1695号 学位授与年月日:令和7年3月19日Author: Yarob Ibraheem, Ganchimeg Bayarsaikhan, Maria Lourdes Macalinao, Kazumi Kimura, Katsuyuki Yui, Taiki Aoshi and Shin-Ichi InoueCitation: Frontiers in Immunology, 15, art. no. 1426316; 2024Nagasaki University (長崎大学), 博士(医学) (2025-03-19)doctoral thesi
Molecular Epidemiology, Drug-Resistant Variants, and Therapeutic Implications of Hepatitis B Virus and Hepatitis D Virus Prevalence in Nigeria: A National Study
Get PDFNagasaki University (長崎大学)博士(医学)Information on circulating HBV (sub-)genotype, variants, and hepatitis D virus (HDV) coinfection, which vary by geographical area, is crucial for the efficient control and management of HBV. We investigated the genomic characteristics of HBV (with a prevalence of 8.1%) and the prevalence of HDV in Nigeria. We utilised 777 HBV-positive samples and epidemiological data from the two-stage sampled population-based, nationally representative Nigeria HIV/AIDS Indicator and Impact Survey conducted in 2018. We assessed 732 HBV DNA-extracted samples with detectable viral loads (VLs) for (sub-)genotypes and variants by whole-genome pre-amplification, nested PCR of the s-and pol-gene, and BigDye Terminator sequencing. We conducted HDV serology. In total, 19 out of the 36 + 1 states in Nigeria had a high prevalence of HBV (≥8%), with the highest prevalence (10.4%) in the north-central geopolitical zone. Up to 33.2% (95% CI 30.0–36.6) of the participants had detectable VLs of ≥300 copies/mL. The predominant circulating HBV genotype was E with 98.4% (95% CI 97.1–99.1), followed by A with 1.6% (95% CI 0.9–2.9). Drug-resistant associated variants and immune escape variants were detected in 9.3% and 0.4%, respectively. The seroprevalence of HDV was 7.34% (95% CI 5.5–9.2). Nigeria has subtype E as the major genotype with many variants.長崎大学学位論文 学位記番号:博(医歯薬)甲第1699号 学位授与年月日:令和7年3月19日Author: Oludare‘Sunbo Adewuyi, Muhammad Shakir Balogun, Hirono Otomaru, Alash’le Abimiku, Anthony Agbakizu Ahumibe, Elsie Ilori, Que Anh Luong, Nwando Mba, James Christopher Avong, John Olaide, Oyeladun Okunromade, Adama Ahmad, Afolabi Akinpelu, Chinwe Lucia Ochu, Babatunde Olajumoke, Haruka Abe, Chikwe Ihekweazu, Adetifa Ifedayo, Michiko Toizumi, Hiroyuki Moriuchi, Katsunori Yanagihara, Jide Idris and Lay-Myint YoshidaCitation: Pathogens, 14(1), art. no. 101; 2025Nagasaki University (長崎大学), 博士(医学) (2025-03-19)doctoral thesi
Diabetes-induced alteration of metal ion levels declines the activity of MMPs to decrease aortic aneurysm risk
Get PDFNagasaki University (長崎大学)博士(医学)Aims: Diabetes mellitus (DM) links the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Inverse to the enhanced expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), the development of aortic aneurysm is lower in diabetic population. We examined the hypothesis that DM-induced alteration of metal ion levels declines the activity of MMPs to decrease aortic aneurysm risk. Methods & Results: By culturing vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) or macrophages with different concentrations of glucose in the medium, we confirmed that high glucose significantly increased the expression of fibronectin and CTGF in VSMCs, and induced MMP2 expression and MMP9 secretion in macrophages. We also established an abdominal aortic aneurysm model in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice and evaluated aneurysm development six weeks later. Compared to the healthy controls, diabetic mice had significantly lower levels of Zn2+ and Mg2+ in serum and developed significantly smaller sizes of aneurysms with higher expression of fibronectin and CTGF; but dietary zinc supplementation to diabetic mice effectively neutralized these differences. Gelatin zymography assay indicated that the enzymatic digestion activity of MMP2 was changed under different concentrations of ZnSO4 and MgSO4. Clinical data analysis also confirmed that DM, serum Zn2+ level, and aortic aneurysm risk closely correlated with each other. Conclusion: It seems that DM-induced alteration of metal ion levels declines the activity of MMPs to negate aortic aneurysm development. Our data provide novel mechanistical insight and therapeutic strategy for aortic aneurysms.長崎大学学位論文 学位記番号:博(医歯薬)甲第1701号 学位授与年月日:令和7年3月19日Author: Han Nie, Zi-Sheng Huang, Geng Liu, Tao-Sheng LiCitation:Life Sciences, 360, art. no. 123243; 2024Nagasaki University (長崎大学), 博士(医学) (2025-03-19)doctoral thesi
Breeding Ecology and Conservation on the colony of the Japanese Murrelet (Synthliboramphus wumizusume) in Eboshijima, Fukuoka, Japan
Get PDFNagasaki University (長崎大学)博士(学術)長崎大学学位論文 学位記番号:博(水・環)乙第18号 学位授与年月日:令和7年2月19日Nagasaki University (長崎大学), 博士(学術) (2025-02-19)doctoral thesi
Studies on proteoform diversity and tissue-specific expression of pufferfish saxitoxin and binding protein (PSTBP) homologues from genus Takifugu
Get PDFNagasaki University (長崎大学)博士(水産学)長崎大学学位論文 学位記番号:博(水・環)甲第104号 学位授与年月日:令和7年2月19日Nagasaki University (長崎大学), 博士(水産学) (2025-02-19)doctoral thesi
Quantifying the Reversibility of Clofazimine-induced Pigmentation in a Patient with <i>Mycobacterium abscessus</i> Pulmonary Disease
Get PDFA 45-year-old woman with Mycobacterium abscessus pulmonary disease was treated with multidrug therapy, including clofazimine, at Fukujuji Hospital. Six months after clofazimine initiation, the treatment was discontinued at the patient's request due to hyperpigmentation. Pigmentation is a critical side effect of clofazimine. We quantified clofazimine-induced pigmentation on her face using NeoVoirI® and measured the serum concentration of clofazimine during the administration period. The patient's skin tone score closely correlated with the serum concentration of clofazimine. However, 14 months after the discontinuation of clofazimine, clofazimine-induced pigmentation was still not completely resolved.Internal Medicine、64(12), pp.1884-1887; 2025journal articl