Proceedings in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Not a member yet
462 research outputs found
Sort by
MiR-888: A newly identified miRNA significantly over-expressed in endometrial cancers
Get PDFEndometrial cancer is the most common gynecological malignancy and the fourth most common cancer in women. With accumulating evidence, microRNAs have emerged as significant players in the development and progression of cancers. The data points to miR-888 playing an important functional role in the development of aggressive endometrial tumors. Future research will focus on identifying and validating the targets of miR-888 to elucidate its mechanism of action and support this hypothesi
Division of General Obstetrics and Gynecology
Get PDFThe Division of General Obstetrics and Gynecology provides well-woman care for women of all ages and complete care for pregnancy and birth. We also evaluate and treat gynecologic disorders. We perform office, outpatient and inpatient gynecologic surgery. We offer minimally invasive hysterectomy including total laparoscopic and robotic surgery. Our division is comprised of eleven obstetrician-gynecologists, four certified nurse midwives, and three advanced nurse practitioners. We are all dedicated to outstanding clinical practice and teaching. Areas of special expertise are listed below
Consequences of unsafe abortion in India- a case report
Get PDFUnsafe abortion represents a preventable yet major cause for maternal mortality in India. A majority of these abortions are performed confidentially. Complications occur in a large portion of these cases and ultimately require tertiary care. However, patients and their relatives often fail to disclose the abortion despite the critical state of the patients. This scenario creates considerable confusion for diagnosis and treatment and can lead to further complications. This case report of complications associated with an unsafe abortion in India highlights the need for clinicians to consider the possibility of an undisclosed abortion when treating any morbid woman of reproductive age
Obesity and assisted reproduction
Get PDFExcess body weight impacts fertility during both natural and assisted reproduction (ART) cycles. In men, the immediate effect is hypoandrogenism through decreased testosterone levels and an increase in peripheral aromatization of androgens to estrogen, although this does not seem to cause significant change in conventional semen parameters. In women, the impact seems to be through various pathways, by both animal and human studies
Reflections on a medical career: mistakes made and lessons learned
Get PDFMedicine is a great profession and a special kind of human endeavor that requires compassion, judgment and intellectual honesty, whether in academic medicine or private practice. Impressive technical advances have been made that are dramatically improving patient care, and they will continue in the future; however, in this era of evidence-based medicine the art of medicine (personalized care) is alive and well, and it is still important
Vaginal mesh vs native tissue repairs for prolapse: FDA update and recent evidence
Get PDFIn 2010, 300,000 surgeries were performed in the U.S. for pelvic organ prolapse (POP), and 100,000 of those involved the placement of surgical mesh. The use of mesh in abdominal surgeries for POP has been described for over 50 years, but the first surgical mesh product specifically for POP was approved by the FDA in 2002. Over the last decade, transvaginal mesh POP surgeries have become more common, and mesh “kits” have been approved and are increasingly used for transvaginal POP repair, but clinical trial evidence of their safety and effectiveness has lagged behind rapid adoption into practice
H19/miR-675 non-coding RNA expression differentiates among cancers of the human endometrium.
Get PDFH19 is a maternally expressed non-coding RNA located at chromosome 11p15.5 near the reciprocally imprinted insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) gene. Though the function of H19 is unknown, it is transcribed during embryonic development after which transcription is absent in all but a few tissues including cardiac muscle, breast, ovary, uterus, and placenta. Linking H19, miR-675 and RB1 expression with serous tumors of the endometrium suggests that RB1 suppression may be a differentiating event in serous tumorigenesis
Hormones and receptors in endometrial cancer
Get PDFThe uterine endometrium is exquisitely sensitive to hormones, in particular estrogen and progesterone and to a lesser extent androgens and glucocorticoids. These hormones tightly regulate the complex functioning of the female reproductive tract and are intimately involved in controlling the growth, development, and remodeling of reproductive tissues as well as the cyclic changes that occur during the menstrual cycle. Steroids function by binding to nuclear receptor proteins that act as transcription factors to modulate the expression of genes, though many non-genomic effects for steroids have also been described. An imbalance of the hormones leads to cancer. In particular, endometrial carcinogenesis is related to overexposure to estrogen that is not balanced by the differentiating effects of progesterone and potentially other steroid hormones, including androgens and glucocorticoids. This review summarizes steroid hormone action in the endometrium, describes the relative localization of hormone receptors in the normal endometrium and in endometrial cancer, and highlights key clinical trials that have attempted to restore the balance of hormones and thus prevent recurrence of endometrial cance
A Guide to the Cost of Progesterone for Prevention of Preterm Labor
Get PDFProgesterone, in various forms, has been the sole pharmacologic weapon against preterm labor supported by randomized controlled trials since the early 2000s. Nightly vaginal suppositories and weekly injections were the first forms of progesterone proved to be effective in preventing preterm labor. The effectiveness of nightly vaginal gel was then demonstrated. These options are all relatively affordable. Suppositories and gel are only available in branded forms and until recently the intramuscular injection form was only available from compounding pharmacies. Several factors must be considered when choosing a product for a patient. These include route of administration, patient preference, local availability and cost