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Square Minuscule in the Age of Cnut the Great
Get PDFBeowulf scholars wishing to eliminate a late date for the poem have embraced David Dumville’s stringent position that, although the scribes almost certainly copied the manuscript in the early eleventh century, it is “in the highest degree unlikely” they copied it after 1016. There is no obvious nor expressed justification for limiting a scribe’s life or career to the year Æthelred died and Cnut the Great became king. Dumville’s argument was that he could find no examples of Square minuscule that anyone could prove was written after 1013. In his exhaustive Catalogue of Manuscripts containing Anglo-Saxon, Neil Ker cautiously avoids such narrow dating ranges for undated manuscripts, relying instead on thirty-year or (more often) fifty-year dating ranges. By his system, Ker classified more than two dozen scribal hands as late types of “square Anglo-Saxon minuscule.” Analyses of Ker’s examples of early eleventh-century Square minuscule prove that scribes maintained the script type throughout the reign of Cnut. Some examples suggest that the scribes most likely copied Beowulf in the first half of his reign
Visual Arguments and Entangled Ethnographies in the Boxer Codex
Get PDFThis article examines the Boxer Codex (BC, ca. 1590), which is a manuscript that contains illustrations and narratives describing ethnic groups of the western Pacific islands and continental Southeast and East Asia. The article examines the codex in relation to early modern costume books by examining the role that images played in the creation of ethnographical knowledge. Divided into four parts, the first and second sections examine the opening foldout drawing and the first account of the codex, which both deal with the native people of the Ladrones Islands. The third part put the codex in dialogue with other Iberian manuscripts and it focuses on cases that incorporate images made by native artists. The last section analyses how the codex depicts costumes and body ornaments to fabricate ethnic and gender distinctions. After analyzing the relationship established between images and words, I argue that visual depictions in the Boxer codex played the role of visual arguments that enabled the author to fabricate and make visible ethnic differences
Functioning Industrial Symbiosis Model Application to Organic Waste: A Case Study of a Paper Mill Company in Cochambamba, Bolivia
Get PDFWastewater treatment plants across the world can transform themselves from energy consumers into energy producers and not only convert their operations into a circular economy, but also reduce their disposal and energy costs, ultimately benefitting their triple bottom line. This field study and research created a model specific to a paper mill company in Cochabamba, Bolivia, Copelme S.A., to investigate if its waste streams can be converted into a value stream and if its organic sludge waste can be transformed into energy. The model included an analysis of the application of an Up-Flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) reactor on the wastewater treatment plant to digest organic material and capture and burn gas to produce energy. Analysis of case studies, wastewater biometric sampling, and theoretical CO2 discharge and reduction estimations were used to validate environmental and economic feasibility. This study found that for Copelme S.A., adopting a UASB reactor in the current aerobic treatment plant would result in a theoretical incurred investment of at least USD 90 per day. In turn, the company’s return of investment (ROI) would signify approximately 39 years. Using calculations taken from the Global Energy Interconnection Development and Cooperation Organization (GEIDCO), an estimate of 171,3 Mt CO2/year would be expected. Although the ROI in years is high, the environmental impact that this signifies is enormous. This model could then be applied and used to power the company, resulting in an industrial symbiosis microcosm example with an additional financial and environmental benefit. The application of UASBs across other industries could take all of its waste streams and convert them into energy – benefiting the local communities, improving the health of the water systems and potentially sharing that energy generated through the creation of microgrids. By determining an initial model that works in transforming the company’s waste to energy, the same can be implemented on a larger scale, starting with a company and ending by converting itself into an example for future applications of energy recovery and waste management facilities
Penn Library\u27s Ms. Codex 1677 - Ars artium ... [etc.]. (Video Orientation)
No full texthttps://repository.upenn.edu/sims_video/1138/thumbnail.jp
State Immigration Policy Contexts and Racialized Legal Status Disparities in Healthcare Utilization among U.S. Agricultural Workers
Get PDFResearch links restrictive immigration policies to immigrant health and healthcare outcomes. Still, most studies in this area focus on the impacts of single policies in particular years, with few assessing how broader state-level immigration policy contexts impact groups by nativity, race-ethnicity, and legal status. Linking data from the National Agricultural Workers Survey (2005-2012) with information on state immigration policies, we use an intersectional approach to examine the links between state-level immigration policy contexts and healthcare utilization by nativity, race-ethnicity, and legal status. We also assess the associations between two specific types of state immigration policies—those governing immigrant access to Medicaid and driver’s licenses—with healthcare utilization disparities. We find that state-level immigration policy contexts are associated with healthcare utilization among U.S. born and naturalized U.S. citizen non-White Latinx agricultural workers, who report lower levels of healthcare utilization and greater barriers to care-seeking in more restrictive policy contexts. By contrast, we found little evidence that state policies shaped healthcare utilization among undocumented workers. These findings advance understanding of the impacts of “policies of exclusion” on the lives of marginalized groups and underscore the importance of racialized legal status in considering the links between sociopolitical contexts and health and healthcare disparities
Collation Model for LJS 289: Algorismus [manuscript].
Get PDFPedagogical treatise on commercial and practical arithmetic, with extensive use of arabic numerals, descriptions of operations such as multiplication and division, and particular attention to proportions (using the rule of three), money-changing (fiorini, bolognini, and ducati), and alloys of precious metals.https://repository.upenn.edu/sims_models/1008/thumbnail.jp
Collation Model for Ms. Codex 20: [Summa dictaminis] ...[etc.]; [manuscript].
Get PDFText of the Summa dictaminis of Thomas de Capua. Also contains 15 shorter works on the same topic by Johannes Bondi de Aquilegia (Giovanni da Aquileia), though for some of the works the attribution to Bondi is not secure. There is a table of contents in Latin in a much later hand on the front paper flyleaf.https://repository.upenn.edu/sims_models/1011/thumbnail.jp
Collation Model for Ms. Codex 50: Statuta sive capitula loci Castini [manuscript].
Get PDFStatutes of Castino in Italy (f. 1r-21r). Includes a table of contents (tabula suprascriptorum capitulorum) on f. 21r-22v. Folio 23 contains additions dated 1539 and 1540.https://repository.upenn.edu/sims_models/1012/thumbnail.jp
Collation Model for Ms. Codex 1215: Lumen [con]fessorum.
Get PDFTreatise on confession and penitence, with a ruling by the penitentiaries in the Roman Curia during the pontificate of Eugenius IV added at the end.https://repository.upenn.edu/sims_models/1018/thumbnail.jp
Collation Model for Ms. Codex 1590: [Antiphonary : use of Lyon].
Get PDFSecular (as opposed to monastic) antiphonary for liturgical use in Lyon, containing the chants of the Divine Office for major feasts and Sundays. Possibly copied for use in the Cathédrale Saint-Jean-Baptiste in Lyon, as the Feast of Saint John the Baptist is the only sanctoral feast distinguished with a large puzzle initial (f. 111v). The other sanctoral feasts included are for Agnes, Agatha, Philip and James, John and Paul, Peter, Paul, Lawrence, the Assumption of the Virgin, Michael, Cecilia, and Andrew. The last gathering of the manuscript (f. 172-176), containing 9 chants for Psalm 94 and antiphons, may be a later addition, as its layout diverges from that of the rest of the manuscript. Some 15th- and 16th-century marginal annotations and corrections.https://repository.upenn.edu/sims_models/1021/thumbnail.jp