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Non-Financial Metrics, DAU, MAU, and DAU/MAU: An Integrative Framework and Analysis
Get PDFThis thesis proposes a framework for classifying various applications of daily active users (DAUs), monthly active users (MAUs), and their ratio (DAU/MAU) to evaluate company performance. The metrics are reported widely in financial filings across a number of industries, including social media and gaming, and are thus frequently cited in equity research. As a result, investors rely on these non-financial metrics to guide investment decisions, highlighting the importance of the metrics in investing and evaluating companies. However, there is a general lack of understanding regarding how to interpret such metrics, evidenced by the fact that there is very little published research about the topic. Perhaps due to the opaque definitions and interpretations of such metrics, there have been numerous litigations initiated by shareholders, arguing that omitting DAU and MAU metrics from financial filings is concealing material information. To address the discrepancy between the significance of DAUs, MAUs, and the DAU/MAU ratio in finance and the lack of understanding of the metrics, my thesis proposes an organizational framework that classifies various applications of DAU, MAU, and the DAU/MAU ratio to help improve investor understanding of the metrics, comment on potential ways to improve reporting standards for non-financial metrics, and clarify their role in litigation
The Attuned School Clinician: An Advanced Clinical Practice Curriculum in Attachment Informed School-Based Mental Health for Social Workers
Get PDFAs the educational landscape in our country continues to transform and the mental health needs of our youth increases, so have the domains and demands of school social work practice. One of the most influential advancements impacting school social work has been the expansion of school-based mental health (SBMH) programs and services. This dissertation calls attention to the growing clinical role social workers play in the delivery of direct mental health services in schools. A review of the literature suggests it is timely and necessary to introduce content specific to SBMH into the social work curriculum to adequately meet the requisite needs of current MSW students entering the field. Additionally, this dissertation aims to develop an advanced clinical practice course for second-year MSW students that is grounded in the principles of attachment theory and introduces an empirically supported theoretical framework that extends a developmental and applied way of thinking, observing, examining, and interpreting behaviors in school-based clinical practice settings. This proposed advanced clinical practice course is designed to strengthen clinical practice skills and expand upon the foundations of school social work. The primary educational objectives of this course aim to introduce, broaden, and deepen students\u27 understanding of attachment theory as a developmental framework for relationship-focused clinical school social work practice and is intended to cultivate and shape the reflective professional identity of the attuned school clinician. Course content introduced and discussed will include: the historical context of school-based mental health, the current state of SBMH and the expansion of school social work; attachment theory as a framework for relational and reflective clinical school social work practice; attachment and emotional development in the classroom; reflective practice and the shaping of professional identity; clinician secure base reflection.
Keywords: school-based mental health, clinical school social work, attachment theory, relationships, reflective practice, social work education, curriculum developmen
Penn Library\u27s LJS 384 - [De philosophia mundi] ... [etc.]. (Video Orientation)
No full texthttps://repository.upenn.edu/sims_video/1136/thumbnail.jp
Essays on the Role of Information in Health Economics
No full textThis dissertation is comprised of essays on the role of information in health economics. In the first chapter, I study quality ratings. Ratings provide consumers with useful quality information, however, when ratings shift demand to highly-rated sellers, congestion might occur at the top of the quality distribution. Congestion caused by disclosure may be observed in the health care setting, where prices often cannot adjust to reflect varying quality. I study the trade-off between providing quality information for consumers and congestion using a star rating disclosure policy implemented at a large integrated health system in the United States, which requires every physician to have star ratings posted online in a standardized fashion. I identify the effects of physician star ratings on patient volume using a regression discontinuity and difference-in-discontinuity design which leverages the rounding of ratings to discrete values and the fact that I observe ratings before and after their public disclosure online. I find that an increase in a physician\u27s rating increases the number of new patients seen by 2.96 visits per month on a baseline of 5.48 (54% increase). I show that star ratings shift patients to physicians who more often provide medically recommended screenings, counseling, and vaccinations. However, I also show that a higher rating causes patients to wait longer for treatment. New patients wait 2.7 additional days (30.5% longer) for an additional increment of the rating scale and existing patients wait longer as well. I use these findings to compute a revealed-preference estimate of the shadow price of a star ; I find that patients are willing to wait 3 additional days in exchange for a one standard deviation increase in physician ratings. In the absence of a price, wait times may serve as an equilibrating factor to clear the market. In the second chapter, I study surprise medical bills. I introduce a model of final-offer arbitration over these bills between insurers and providers which highlights the tradeoffs for firms and policymakers
Gender and the Athlete: Comparing the Brand Images of Male and Female Athletes
Get PDFThere is a disparity in payment to female athletes compared to male athletes for activities related to their brand. Research has been done to understand how to identify an athlete’s brand image and the barriers female athletes currently face as they attempt to build their brands. This study aimed to investigate the difference in how consumers perceived the brand image of male and female athletes. A survey was utilized to encourage participants to evaluate fictional athletes according to several adjectives and then compare them to prominent company brands. The results indicated that female college athletes were considered to be more unique and more similar to Apple than the male college athletes. However, the adjusted alpha level meant those results were no longer statistically significant. As a result, there was no evidence to suggest a difference in the brand image of the male athletes compared to the female athletes
Collation model of Ms. Codex 1559: Duo libri contemplationis ... [etc.].
Get PDFManuscript dated 1510 of the Latin translation by Carmelite friar Thomas Fishlake (circa 1400) of Walter Hilton\u27s Scale of perfection, a mystical work in two books concerning the reformation of the soul and contemplative union with God, written in Middle English in the second half of the 14th century and first translated into Latin ca. 1400. The opening rubric of Book I notes that many additions from the writing of Saint Bonaventure are included (examples of specific references to Saint Bonaventure, f. 26r, 56r). Although the rubric for Book I has the customary description of the work as written for an anchoress, the opening of the prologue addresses a son rather than a sister. Preceding this work is a brief work on the Passion of Christ presented as a dialogue between the Virgin Mary and Saint Anselm, attributed to Saint Anselm in its rubric but not considered his work. Frequent contemporary and later corrections in margins. Irregular section numbers added by later hands in top margins.https://repository.upenn.edu/sims_models/1020/thumbnail.jp
Collation Model for Ms. Codex 102: [Account book and record of transactions].
Get PDFContains an account ledger covering 1470-1471 (f. 1r-11v); Inventario di chose (inventory of possessions; f 31r-v); and miscellaneous records, 1468-1488 (with several years left out; f. 33r-55v). Folios 11v-30v and 32r-v are blank. Also includes seven loose items laid into the manuscript: letters and receipts, dating from 1472-1492.https://repository.upenn.edu/sims_models/1027/thumbnail.jp
Resilience, Accelerated Aging and Persistently Poor Health: Diverse Trajectories of Health among the Global Poor
Get PDFObjectives: This study is among the first to document lifecourse trajectories of physical and mental health across adult and older ages (20-70 years) for a poor sub-Saharan African population having faced frequent and sustained adversities.
Methods: The 2006-19 waves of the Malawi Longitudinal Study of Families and Health (MLSFH) were analyzed using group-based trajectory models (GBTM) to identify trajectories of heath (SF12 mental/physical health and BMI) across the lifecourse. Predictors of trajectory membership were estimated using fractional multinomial logits.
Results: Analyses identified three distinct trajectories: (1) good initial mental/physical health that persisted throughout the lifecourse ( resilient aging ); (2) good initial mental and physical health that deteriorated with age ( accelerated aging ); or (3) poor initial mental and physical health with possibly further declines over the lifecourse ( aging with persistently poor health ). Predictors of trajectory group membership included gender, childhood poverty, and schooling.
Discussion: Despite lifecourses being characterized by poverty and frequent adversities in this poor population, our analyses identified a sizable group (30%) of resilient individuals who experienced successful aging with good initial health that persisted across the lifecourse and into old age. Accelerated aging was the most common trajectory for SF12 physical and mental health in this poor population, while for BMI, persistently poor health was most common. Men were more likely to enjoy resilient aging than women in terms of physical/mental health, contrary to previous findings from high-income contexts. Other predictors of trajectory membership sometimes confirmed, and sometimes contradicted, hypotheses derived from high-income country studies
Saving and Wealth Accumulation among Student Loan Borrowers: Implications for Retirement Preparedness
Get PDFBorrowing for education has increased rapidly in the past several decades, such that the majority of non-housing debt on US households’ balance sheets is now student loan debt. This paper analyzes the implications of student loan borrowing for later-life economic well-being, with a focus on retirement preparation. We demonstrate that families holding student loan debt later in life have less savings than their similarly educated peers without such debt. However, these comparisons are misleading if the goal is to characterize the experience of the typical student borrower, as they fail to account for student borrowers who already paid off their debt. We develop strategies to locate families that ever financed their education with student loans in two large datasets which enables us to draw more meaningful comparisons. We find that student loan borrowers roughly follow the earnings, saving, and wealth trajectories of other college-educated families into late-career ages and are much better off financially than those that did not attend college
Order of Operations in Sociophonetic Analysis
Get PDFRecent sociophonetic analysis typically involves a pipeline of procedures to turn a spreadsheet of formant measurements into interpretable numbers and figures. However, little has been said about the order that these procedures should be applied. To explore the effect that order of operations has on sociophonetic analysis, a dataset containing formant measurements from 53 speakers was analyzed 5,040 different ways, each representing a different permutation of seven common steps in the analysis pipeline. The Low Back Merger and the Low-Back-Merger Shift were examined in these 53 speakers using three different metrics. The results indicate that changing the order of operations produces variation similar in magnitude to sociolinguistically meaningful variation and can influence the interpretation of any one speaker’s data and the entire dataset. This paper concludes with a recommended order that researchers can use in their analyses: classify allophones, remove outliers, normalize, and then subset