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Penn Library\u27s Ms. Codex 1632 - Hybrid dialogues (Video Orientation)
No full texthttps://repository.upenn.edu/sims_video/1107/thumbnail.jp
Penn Library\u27s Ms. Codex 1641 - The history of King Richard the Third (Video Orientation)
No full texthttps://repository.upenn.edu/sims_video/1110/thumbnail.jp
Work and Family Disadvantage: Mechanisms of Gender Gaps in Paid Work During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Get PDFThis article provides a comprehensive analysis of mechanisms driving the increase in gender inequality in paid work during the pandemic to address existing disagreement about the relative relevance of labor market and work-family conflict processes. Using panel data from the United States Current Population Survey (CPS), we examine four mechanisms in an integrated analysis that explicitly includes single-parent households and assesses the moderating role of women’s economic position relative to their partners. The results indicate that increases in gender inequality during the pandemic were largely driven by a direct gender mechanism in households with children and partly driven by gender differences in pre-pandemic labor market positions and the higher prevalence of women in lower earner position relative to their partners. The higher prevalence of women among single-parent households does little to contribute to increases in gender inequality despite single parents being more negatively impacted than partnered women and men
Change in Subjective Well-Being, Affluence and Trust in Politicians
Get PDFUsing nationally-representative household panel data in the India Human Development Surveys for 2005-6 and 2011-12, we examine the causal relationship between trust in politicians and the change in SWB between 2005 and 2012 where the politicians comprise Members of State Legislative Assemblies, Members of Parliament and other political aspirants. Our analysis is unique as it takes account of the loss of public trust in politicians due to the scourge of criminality among the elected members. More specifically, we test (i) whether criminality among the politicians influences trust in them, and (ii) whether the trust in politicians influences perceived well-being, drawing upon instrumental variable (IV) and Lewbel IV estimators. We discuss the policy challenges in mitigating this scourge and enhancing perceived well-being in light of a recent surge in the share of criminal politicians
Is Attention Produced Optimally? Theory and evidence from Experiments with Bandwidth Enhancements
Get PDFThis paper investigates whether people optimally value tools that reduce attention costs. We call these tools bandwidth enhancements (BEs) and characterize how demand for BEs varies with the pecuniary incentives to be attentive, under the null hypothesis of correct perceptions and optimal choice. We examine if the optimality conditions are satisfied in three experiments. The first is a field experiment (n = 1373) with an online education platform, in which we randomize incentives to complete course modules and incentives to utilize a plan-making tool to complete the modules. In the second experiment (n = 2306), participants must complete a survey in the future. We randomize survey-completion incentives and how long participants must wait to complete the survey, and we elicit willingness to pay for reminders. The third experiment (n = 1465) involves a psychometric task in which participants must identify whether there are more correct or incorrect mathematical equations in an image. We vary incentives for accuracy, elicit willingness to pay to reduce task difficulty, and examine the impact of learning and feedback. In all experiments, demand for reducing attention costs increases as incentives for accurate task completion increase. However, in all experiments-and across all conditions-our tests imply that this increase in demand is too small relative to the null of correct perceptions. These results suggest that people may be uncertain or systematically biased about their attention cost functions, and that experience and feedback do not necessarily eliminate bias
Americans’ Financial Resilience during the Pandemic
Get PDFHow household wellbeing responds to pandemic-induced financial shocks likely depends on whether people undertake certain actions that enhance their ability to withstand adverse economic events, along with their ability to efficiently respond to the shocks when they occur. This paper examines Americans’ financial robustness during the Covid-19 pandemic, using an index of financial resilience and a measure of financial fragility derived from household surveys of persons age 45-75 in spring of 2020, and in May-June 2021. We estimate the factors associated with resilience and fragility in both years, show how these two measures changed a year into the pandemic, and consider whether resilience in 2020 led to better outcomes in 2021. We conclude that higher initial levels of resilience were, in fact, associated with lower levels of financial fragility a year into the pandemic. These findings suggest that policies and programs that enhance financial resilience can help low and moderate-income households withstand economic shocks and be able to better address unexpected income needs
It’s Art About Water Treatment! An interview with Mallory Chaput, the artist inspiring future water leaders-one artwork at a time
Get PDFThis article throws a spotlight on Mallory Chaput, an artist inspiring future water leaders to take up water careers. Through her coloring pages, paintings, and comics about the water treatment, Mallory is helping children re-imagine the water sector. Originally a landscaper, Mallory developed a profound interest in water and wastewater treatment and learned about it by visiting plants, talking to professionals, and studying engineering books. This article is a transcript of an interview with Mallory, featuring her background, her imaginative creations and her future goals
“Reverse Policies?” Reducing the Legal Minimum Age at Marriage Increases Child Marriage Among the Poorest in Mali
Get PDFChild marriage is associated with adverse outcomes related to women’s wellbeing. To curb child marriage, many countries introduced laws that ban child marriage, and a growing number of studies evaluated their impact. Scant research focused on instances where countries lowered the legal minimum age at marriage, even though such “reverse policies” could result in stalled progress in eradicating child marriage, thus threatening the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals. Using visualization techniques, regression analysis and a series of robustness checks, we document changes in the prevalence of child marriage in Mali where, with the introduction of the Family Code in 2011, the minimum age at marriage of 18 was lowered to 16 years. Following 2011, the prevalence of child marriage has been progressively increasing among women with no education or living in communities characterized by low local development: while child marriage prevalence was 59% for the last cohort of women who were subject to the minimum age at marriage of 18, it increased to 79% among the youngest cohort of women who were legally allowed to marry at age 16. Repealing existing provisions that aim to protect girls can have adverse consequences on the most vulnerable strata of society and can contribute to increasing socioeconomic inequalities in child marriage even further
Digital and Microscopic Tools for Ultimate Esthetics and Precision
Get PDFObjective: This clinical report describes and illustrates step-by-step protocols for interdisciplinary esthetic treatment with current digital and microscopic tools. Clinical Considerations: Digital dentistry is no longer limited to impression making and restoration fabrication but starts already in the diagnostic and treatment planning phase. In particular, digital smile design tools have significantly improved clinical and laboratory workflows, allowing for natural and facially driven smiles, based on the patient\u27s specific needs and preferences. Digital technologies also facilitate high precision and accuracy in the laboratory, which are interconnected with the quality of the clinical care. Precision and minimally invasive dentistry require visual magnification aids through high-power loupes or, even better, surgical microscopes. For optimal clinical success, however, these tools must be integrated into efficient workflows and made part of a comprehensive clinical and laboratory concept. Conclusions: Digital and high-magnification tools in clinics and dental laboratories facilitate highly esthetic and precise outcomes when integrated into a comprehensive treatment concept. Clinical Significance: While a plethora of new tools and technologies is available for the dental laboratory and clinical practice, they can be daunting. Clear step-by-step workflows and protocols must be followed to apply them in a most efficient and effective manner for optimal outcomes. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC
Penn Library\u27s LJS 452 - Ex quo vocabularii varii [et] aute[n]tici.. (Video Orientation)
No full texthttps://repository.upenn.edu/sims_video/1193/thumbnail.jp