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Essays on the Intersection of Healthcare Operations and Economics
No full textThe essays in this dissertation wrestle with unique challenges presented by multiple, interacting entities within the healthcare industry. The essay, Searching for the Best Yardstick: Cost of Quality Improvements in the U.S. Hospital Industry, takes the perspective of the regulator in improving incentive programs designed to induce hospitals to invest in quality. The key challenge in evaluating potential changes to such programs is to understand the underlying incentives that hospitals have in responding to the new incentives. Using structural estimation methods, the parameters of each hospital’s decision-making process are estimated. The counterfactual analyses quantify the effects of recalibrating the Hospital Value-based Purchasing Program. The essay, The Spillover Effects of Capacity Pooling in Hospitals, focuses on the unintended effects of off-service placement, a common capacity pooling strategy. Building on previous studies that document negative first-order effects on patients who are placed off service themselves, the spillover effects onto patients who are placed on service are analyzed. The instrumental variables approach reveals that there is a significant causal impact of off-service placement on patients who are placed on service. The essay, Should We Worry About Moral Hazard? Estimation of the Slutsky Equation Using Indemnity Health Insurance Contracts, uncovers the differential response of consumers to different designs of health insurance. While previous studies have convincingly shown that ex-post moral hazard in health care does exist, there has been a lack of empirical evidence on the degree in which such moral hazard is welfare-reducing. Using a novel setting, the analysis provides evidence that moral hazard can lead to a significant welfare loss
Beyond Emotional Intelligence Competencies: Exploring the Complex Social-Emotional Meta-Competencies of Global Leaders
No full textEmotional intelligence is a primary driver of enhanced organizational performance. Therefore, organizations should strive to select and train global leaders with emotional intelligence. However, organizations are becoming predominantly multicultural, and the concept of emotional intelligence is challenged by cultural differences when it is applied to leading global teams and organizations. The current literature is still heterogeneous regarding the exact comparability of culture-bound emotional intelligence and its cross-cultural counterpart, emotional intelligence across cultures. However, there is some consensus in past studies regarding the potential universality of emotional intelligence competencies across cultures separately. The cultural distinction appears with the specific behaviors manifesting these competencies. This research originally explored the missing link between emotional intelligence competencies and their culturally specific behavioral manifestations. Using a qualitative approach, this exploratory study was able to identify five main complex social-emotional meta-competencies that potentially enable leaders to correctly use their emotional intelligence in global environments and perform across cultures: transparency, empathy, emotional comfort, and self-control, authenticity, and humility. First, transparency is a key meta-competency for leaders in order to make their emotional intelligence competencies’ intentions transpire across cultures. Empathy is a second key meta-competency for leaders to create a direct connection with individuals across cultures. Third, authenticity is a key meta-competency for leaders to balance their cultural adaptation with their core values and identity. Fourth, emotional comfort and self-control are key meta-competencies for leaders when facing new and unknown cultural behaviors across cultures. Finally, humility is a key meta-competency for leaders regarding their permanent and long-term learning process across cultures. Overall, these five additional meta-competencies combined should allow leaders to use their emotional intelligence competencies across cultures effectively and become effective global leaders. Ultimately, the key findings of this study could unlock the full potential of emotionally intelligent global leaders when working in multicultural organizations and hopefully, therefore, start expanding the popularity of complex social-emotional meta-competencies in future cross-cultural studies
Collation Model for Ms. Codex 246: [Records of agreements between members of the Bragadin family]
Full text linkContains information on finances, divisions of estates (divisio bonorum), and other related matters. Includes a list and valuation of real estate properties. Geographical references in the manuscript are to Venice, Verona, and Padua in the Veneto, and to Mantua and Bergamo in Lombardy. Many documents conclude with notarial signets (f. 8v, 9v, 12v, 24r, 27r and 28v). A later table of contents is written on the front endleaf. Written in northern Italy, from 27 January 1540 (f. 1r) to 5 October 1565 (f. 38r), with some additions and emendations that appear to be slightly later in date.https://repository.upenn.edu/sims_models/1103/thumbnail.jp
Collation Model for Ms. Codex 1058: Glossed Psalter
Full text linkThe Book of Psalms with extensive, mostly unattributed, interlinear and marginal glosses, followed by canticles with glosses.https://repository.upenn.edu/sims_models/1114/thumbnail.jp
The Linking Gap in Negotiations
Full text linkThis paper investigates the concept of “the liking gap,” or the difference between how much someone perceives they are liked by another party and how much that other party actually likes them, specifically within the context of negotiations. Using data collected from simulated in-class negotiations during the Fall of 2020, this paper attempts to understand whether the party that “loses” a negotiation tends to have a larger or smaller liking gap than the party that “wins” the negotiation. It also investigates the direction of this gap, determining whether a win or loss impacts your likelihood to overestimate or underestimate how much your counterpart likes you. Analysis demonstrated that there is no significant correlation between negotiation outcome and liking gap, however, it did indicate that those who win an election tend to underestimate how much their counterparts like them following the negotiation’s conclusion. Since negotiations often take place in high-profile interactions and can affect relationships between high-ranking, powerful individuals, understanding the impact of a negotiation’s outcome can prove incredibly beneficial for relationship management over the long term
On the Orbital Rigidity Conjecture and Sustained p-Divisible Groups
No full textThe orbital rigidity phenomenon for p-divisible groups was first discovered by Ching-Li Chai, motivated by the Hecke orbit conjecture. Later, the general orbital rigidity conjecture was formulated and the second case of this conjecture was proved by Ching-Li Chai and Frans Oort. In this thesis we prove a third case of this conjecture
Wealth Inequality and Retirement Preparedness: A Cross-Cohort Perspective
Full text linkHigh and rising US wealth inequality underscores the need to revisit a perennial concern in policy circles: retirement preparedness. Our cross-cohort approach to studying retirement adequacy is based on relative wealth measures, meaning how the wealth distribution of one cohort compares to the cohorts ahead of them at the same age. We introduce relative rank distributions that show where individuals are in terms of the cohorts ahead of them at the same age, and percentile point comparisons that show how wealth levels at various percentiles vary across cohorts by age. We find that early Baby Boomer’s wealth is generally on par with or above 1930s cohort wealth at age 60. There is, however, evidence of relative wealth declines in the bottom of the wealth distribution for mid-late Boomers and Gen-Xers relative to earlier cohorts at younger ages, which is consistent with rising wealth inequality across and within generations. Social security is an important offset to relative wealth declines at the bottom of the wealth distribution, but those benefits are not expected to be fully payable for the youngest cohorts
Collation Model for LJS 483: [Questions on Aristotle\u27s Physics]
Full text linkCommentary on Aristotle\u27s Physics in the form of questions and answers following the content of the 8 books of the Physics. Each question begins with a U/V standing for the Latin word utrum (whether). Finding tabs, possibly of parchment, correspond to the book divisions of the Physics (f. 87, 115, 150, 176, 195; one tab torn out, f. 206). Numerous marginal notes. A leaf of text after the material on the Physics with the repeated heading Propleuma and paragraphs beginning with the Latin word dubitatur (it is questioned) may concern the Problemata attributed to Aristotle (f. 230r). Among the notes on the wood of the inside upper cover are a list of names and a list of works attributed to Aristotle; more notes are inside the lower cover. The front flyleaf is covered with notes in multiple hands (recto) and mnemonic verses about the contents of the Physics (verso).https://repository.upenn.edu/sims_models/1058/thumbnail.jp
Collation Model for Ms. Codex 1246: Quaternus protocollorum
Full text linkFour sets of protocols dealing with investitures, purchases, donations, and real estate transactions. Mostly a collection of various documents, with different notaries, dealing with finances. The name Ottoboni occurs frequently (for example, on f. 40v). There is a notarial signet topped with a cross (f. 1r). There are four notes laid in, which contain some names, but much of the ink has faded and two of the notes are torn.https://repository.upenn.edu/sims_models/1089/thumbnail.jp
Social Protection and Foundational Cognitive Skills During Adolescence: Evidence from a Large Public Works Programme
Full text linkMany low- and middle-income countries have introduced Public Works Programmes (PWPs) to fight poverty. PWPs provide temporary cash-for-work opportunities to boost poor households’ incomes and to provide better infrastructure to local communities. While PWPs do not target children directly, the increased demand for adult labour may affect children’s development through increasing households’ incomes and changing household members’ time uses. This paper expands on a multidimensional literature showing the relationship between early life circumstances and learning outcomes and provides the first evidence that children from families who benefit from PWPs show increased foundational cognitive skills (FCS). We focus on four child FCS: inhibitory control, working memory, long-term memory, and implicit learning. Our results, based on unique tablet-based data collected as part of a 20-year longitudinal survey, show positive associations of family participation in the Productive Safety Net Programme (PSNP) in Ethiopia during childhood on long-term memory and implicit learning, with weaker evidence for working memory. These associations appear to be strongest for children whose households were still PSNP participants in the year of data collection. We find suggestive evidence that, the association with implicit learning may be operating through children’s time reallocation away from unpaid labour responsibilities, while the association with long-term memory may be due to the programme’s success in remediating nutritional deficits caused by early life rainfall shocks. Our results suggest that policy interventions such as PWPs may be able to mitigate the effects of early poverty on cognitive skills formation and thereby improve children’s potential future outcomes