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Transformation of higher education during the pandemic: Pain points
No full textThe relevance of the study is due to the contradiction between the mass transition of the Russian system of higher education to the distance learning format and the insufficient willingness of participants in the educational process to work under the new requirements caused by the COVID 19 pandemic. Teachers, students and administrators of higher educational institutions in Russia have encountered a number of difficulties. Their analysis will highlight the objective and subjective factors of their occurrence and develop recommendations for the further organization of distance learning in its combination with the traditional format. The purpose of the study was to analyze the modern work experience in the remote format of one of the leading Russian universities - Kazan Federal University. On this basis, the article analyzes successes and problems of this process, shows the contradictions between traditional and distance learning, considers the main models of educational organization that involve traditional and remote learning formats using distance educational technologies. It is concluded that in the system of basic formal education at all levels and areas of training, distance learning can be considered as a form that complements and strengthens the social, pedagogical, organizational, psychological, and didactic potential of the traditional (face-to-face) educational format. The work comprehensively used the methods of theoretical (analysis, synthesis, systematization, comparison, etc.) and empirical (study of literature, conversation, questioning, observation) research. © 2020 Moscow Polytechnic University. All rights reserved
On the unpredictability of outcomes of immunotherapy and preventive immunization against Covid-19 [О НЕПРЕДСКАЗУЕМОСТИ РЕЗУЛЬТАТОВ ИММУНОТЕРАПИИ И ИММУНОПРОФИЛАКТИКИ COVID-19]
No full textThis article analyzes the possibility of employing immunotherapy and preventive immunization to fight COVID-19. The authors think that treatment and prevention of the infection with anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies can have unpredictable outcomes. Although these antibodies can neutralize virus antigens (S-proteins), they also have the ability to enhance virus entry into the host cell. The article emphasizes the importance of solid evidence of efficacy and safety for candidate anti-COVID-19 therapies and protective measures. © 2020 Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University. All rights reserved
Possible effects of coronavurus infection (COVID-19) on the cardiovascular system [ВЛИЯНИЕ КОРОНАВИРУСНОЙ ИНФЕКЦИИ (COVID-19) НА СЕРДЕЧНО-СОСУДИСТУЮ СИСТЕМУ]
No full textAcute viral respiratory infections can increase the risk of progression of a pre-existing condition, including a cardiovascular pathology. Life-threatening complications of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) necessitate research into the cardiovascular effects of COVID-19 crucial for developing adequate treatment strategy for infected patients, especially those of advanced age. This article reviews the literature on the clinical and functional characteristics of patients with COVID-19, including those with poor outcomes. The article looks at the pathophysiological processes occurring in the cardiovascular system in the setting of SARS-CoV-2 infection, risk factors and death predictors. It also discusses continuation of therapy with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers in patients with COVID-19. © 2020 Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University. All rights reserved
On the unpredictability of outcomes of immunotherapy and preventive immunization against covid-19 [О НЕПРЕДСКАЗУЕМОСТИ РЕЗУЛЬТАТОВ ИММУНОТЕРАПИИ И ИММУНОПРОФИЛАКТИКИ COVID-19]
No full textThis article analyzes the possibility of employing immunotherapy and preventive immunization to fight COVID-19. The authors think that treatment and prevention of the infection with anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies can have unpredictable outcomes. Although these antibodies can neutralize virus antigens (S-proteins), they also have the ability to enhance virus entry into the host cell. The article emphasizes the importance of solid evidence of efficacy and safety for candidate anti-COVID-19 therapies and protective measures. © 2020 Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University. All rights reserved
A scientometric analysis of catalysis research
No full textThe outcomes of the present scientometric analysis of research in catalysis provide chemistry and catalysis scholars with a closer bibliometric knowledge of an old and central field of chemical research. The field nowadays is being reshaped by fundamental and technological advances spanning from single-atom heterogeneous catalysis to flow chemistry. Improving and widening research and education in catalysis is a strategic need for national economies. Four research policy guidelines aimed at fostering progress in catalysis research and education conclude the study. © The Author(s). 2020
Adaptation to SARS-CoV-2 under stress: Role of distorted information
No full textBackground: Since the time of global SARS-CoV-2 spread across the earth in February 2020, most of countries faced the problem of massive stress of their healthcare systems. In many cases, the structural stress was a result of incorrect allocation of medical care resources. In turn, this misallocation resulted from fear and apprehensions that superseded thorough calculations. A key role in exacerbating the healthcare sector overburdening was played by misleading information on the virus and disease caused by it. In the current paper, we study the situation in Russian healthcare system and advance recommendations how to avoid further crises. Materials and methods: (a) Surveying the medical personnel (231 doctors, 317 nurses and 355 ambulance medical workers of lower levels) in five hospitals and six ambulance centres in Moscow. (b) Content analysis of 3164 accounts in Russian segment of social networks (VKontakte, Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, Odnoklassniki); official and unofficial media (TV, informational webpages). Results: We revealed positive-feedback loop that threatened the sustainability of Russian care sector. The main knot was occupied by incorrect/exaggerated media coverage of COVID-19. General public scared by misinformation in media and social networks, started to panic. This negative social background undermined the productivity of a significant part of medical workers who were afraid of COVID-19 patients. Conclusions: The most serious problems of Russian healthcare sector related to COVID-19 pandemic, were informational problems. The exaggerated information on COVID-19 had big negative influence upon Russian society and healthcare system, despite SARS-CoV-2 relatively low epidemiological hazard. © 2020 The Authors. European Journal of Clinical Investigation published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Stichting European Society for Clinical Investigation Journal Foundatio
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibition: Beyond Blood Pressure Control—The Role of Zofenopril
No full textThe extensive use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) as antihypertensive agents and the huge amount of data collected in clinical trials and post-marketing studies has allowed the extending of the indication of ACEIs beyond blood pressure control. Current guidelines recommend ACEIs in symptomatic patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction to decrease the risk of heart failure hospitalization, and also in patients after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with ST-elevation with or without post-AMI ventricular dysfunction. Analyzing the association between the choice of an ACEI after AMI with the risk of mortality and re-infarction, a class effect, rather than the superiority of some agents, has been described. The focus of this review is centered on the role of ACEIs in addition to and beyond blood pressure control. It summarizes clinical evidence on the use of these agents in cardiovascular diseases, with a specific interest in the experience with zofenopril, which presents a peculiar pharmacological profile that may contribute to additional clinical benefits in some identifiable populations of patients. Indeed, the presence of a sulfhydryl group in its structure confers on zofenopril high anti-oxidant and anti-ischemic properties involving the activation of the H2S system, resulting in a cardioprotective effect. The efficacy and safety of zofenopril have been extensively evaluated and proved in the Survival of Myocardial Infarction Long-Term Evaluation (SMILE) program in numerous clinical settings. The pharmacological features and ancillary characteristics of zofenopril with potent cardioprotective effects seem to differentiate it from other ACEIs and to confer further benefits to patients. © 2020, The Author(s)
Competency-based approach to the development of a regional anti-crisis strategy based on the development of transport and logistics infrastructure
No full textThe purpose of this study is to develop a regional development strategy in the conditions of overcoming the crisis on the basis of a competency-based approach, taking into account the existing transport and logistics infrastructure. Theoretical studies were carried out using methods of system analysis and generalization of existing scientific developments in the field of development of regions and their territories. Methods of observation and statistical analysis were used to determine the dynamics of the development of indicators, assess the level of influence of crisis phenomena on the gross regional product, and also to identify the competitive advantages of a particular region. As a result of the study, the following results were obtained: - an analysis of the state of the regional economy revealed the conditions that impede its further progressive development; - the use of a competency-based approach made it possible to determine the unique regional advantages peculiar only to the Rostov Region due to the fact that they act superior to other regions and allow its enterprises to maintain a stable position in the target markets; - based on the competitive advantage system, the main sectors of the economy of the studied region are identified, which, thanks to the multiplier effect, are potentially capable of ensuring its sustainable development in the conditions of overcoming the crisis caused by the pandemic of a new coronavirus infection. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd
Language animation as a method of foreign students communicative adaptation
No full textInternationalization is a priority for many universities around the world. Adaptation of international students to study conditions in the university is one of the main problems that the university management, psychologists, and teachers have to solve. The issue of adaptation of international students and their socialization implies implementing everyday interaction between carriers of different values and developing a constructive dialogue between representatives of other cultures; it is multi-cultural communication. The article considers language animation as a tool for the adaptation of international students, which contributes to the achievement of a stable focus on learning; international students can use that for better transformation at host universities. It will lead to a better understanding of the host culture and thereby develop intercultural communication among students. The overall effect would be a harmonious relationship between students of various cultures and improved learning and team activities to make them better professionals. © Media Watch
Cold urticaria – What we know and what we do not know
No full textCold urticaria (ColdU) is a common form of chronic inducible urticaria characterized by the development of wheals, angioedema or both in response to cold exposure. Recent research and guideline updates have advanced our understanding and management of ColdU. Today, its pathophysiology is thought to involve the cold-induced formation of autoallergens and IgE to these autoallergens, which provoke a release of proinflammatory mediators from skin mast cells. The classification of ColdU includes typical and atypical subtypes. We know that cold-induced wheals usually develop on rewarming and resolve within an hour and that anaphylaxis can occur. The diagnosis relies on the patient's history and cold stimulation testing. Additional diagnostic work-up, including a search for underlying infections, should only be done if indicated by the patient's history. The management of ColdU includes cold avoidance, the regular use of nonsedating antihistamines and the off-label use of omalizumab. However, many questions regarding ColdU remain unanswered. Here, we review what is known about ColdU, and we present important unanswered questions on the epidemiology, underlying pathomechanisms, clinical heterogeneity and treatment outcomes. Our aim is to guide future efforts that will close these knowledge gaps and advance the management of ColdU. © 2020 The Authors. Allergy published by European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology and John Wiley & Sons Lt