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Coping strategies, psychological well-being and problematic internet use during a pandemic [Стратегии совладания, психологическое благополучие и проблемное использование интернета в период пандемии]
No full textPandemic and accompanying isolation period made significant changes in the daily activities of adolescents and young people. In the changed conditions, it is of interest to study the most adaptive coping strategies that contribute to the preservation of psychological well-being. The study involved 88 girls in Russia, aged 13 to 22 (M = 17.8; SD = 3). Data collection was carried out from 6 to 7 May 2020. The scales used were: Pandemic Lifestyle Changes Questionnaire, Generalized Problematic Internet Use Scale (GPIUS3), Loneliness Scale (UCLA), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), Well-Being Index (WHO-5), and Symptom Check List-90-Revised (SCL-90-R). Short and long term planning was found to be positively associated with less depressive symptoms and greater life satisfaction. Social interaction and altruism are associated with lower rates of problematic Internet use. Family interaction is associated with indicators of psychological well-being and less loneliness. Family conflicts are correlated with an increase in rates of problematic Internet use and lower levels of psychological well-being. © 2021 Moscow State University of Psychology and Education. All rights reserved
HUMANITARIAN RESISTANCE in the CONTEXT of DIGITALISATION of EDUCATION [ГУМАНИТАРНОЕ СОПРОТИВЛЕНИЕ В УСЛОВИЯХ ЦИФРОВИЗАЦИИ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ]
No full textIntroduction. In the context of a pandemic, significant transformations in education have occurred: the urgent shift to new forms of learning and digitalisation of the learning process have become a challenge to the traditional understanding of education as a public good, based on humanistic grounds. In the media and social networks, there was a public debate over the prospects of the education for several months. The disparity in opinions and not always accurate determination of the positions of the authors of numerous publications highlight the need for analysing the situation in modern education from the standpoint of axiology and cultural studies. Aim. The present publication is aimed to consider the current changes in education in the conditions of digitalisation and to identify the potential of humanistic pedagogy. Methodology and research methods. The study is based on an interdisciplinary methodology, which integrates the achievements of the humanities and social sciences. The method of cluster analysis, content analysis in the mass media and social media, supplemented by group identification analysis, were employed. Research results. According to the findings of the present study, it was concluded that the contemporary processes in Russian education can be described from the point of view of trauma theory. The author introduces the concept of “humanitarian resistance”, which is referred to the forms of symbolic protest, based on the values of humanism, national and cultural traditions, and non-violence. Furthermore, the author proposes a primary classification of the forms of humanitarian resistance in Russian education, including worldview, axiological, socio-psychological and pedagogical aspects. In the current article, the essence of each aspect is disclosed on specific examples. Scientific novelty of the conducted research lies in the theoretical justification of the analysis of current educational practices from a philosophical and cultural point of view. The introduction of new categories into scientific circulation allows for an adequate description of the current processes in education. The article is debatable, involving the discussion on the problems of education as a public good and the teacher as a bearer of the humanistic tradition in terms of digitalisation. Practical significance of the research consists in the possibility of using its results to determine the prospects of educational policy in the digital society, as well as to develop the strategies and to select teacher training routes in new conditions. © 2020 Russian State Vocational Pedagogical University. All rights reserved
Baikal region (Russia) development prospects based on the green economy principles
No full textThe problems of preserving the natural environment are relevant for unique natural complexes of territories, such as the Baikal region (Russia). There are few studies devoted to forecasting the green economic development of the eco‐socio‐economic system of the Baikal region. The previous studies are mainly dedicated to the theory of forming the green economy in the Baikal region. This study aimed to forecast and determine future trends in the Baikal region’s eco‐socio-economic development based on the green economy. The methodological approach to assess the Baikal region development prospects is based on determining the factors affecting the relationship between various eco‐socio‐economic components using multiple regression models. We constructed the forecast using the artificial neural networks method, and we assessed the possible impact of anthropogenic factors on the Baikal region’s eco‐socio‐economic system in the future. Based on the obtained forecast, we proposed a mechanism for regulating the green economy formation in the region. The regional governments of the Baikal region should perform the management function. This requires establishing a special interregional Green Development Fund to restructure incoming public funds by redistributing financial flows from contaminating brown to green industries and develop a state program for the Green Development of the Baikal region. The constructed forecast is informational support for decision making for the long‐term development of the economy during the transition to the green economy, the development and justification of program activities, and the future’s main strategic priorities. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland
Mitochondria Are Potential Targets for the Development of New Drugs Against Neutrophilic Inflammation in Severe Pneumonia Including COVID-19
No full textDelivery of mrna vaccine against sars-cov-2 using a polyglucin:Spermidine conjugate
No full textOne of the key stages in the development of mRNA vaccines is their delivery. Along with liposome, other materials are being developed for mRNA delivery that can ensure both the safety and effectiveness of the vaccine, and also facilitate its storage and transportation. In this study, we investigated the polyglucin:spermidine conjugate as a carrier of an mRNA-RBD vaccine encoding the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. The conditions for the self-assembling of mRNA-PGS complexes were optimized, including the selection of the mRNA:PGS charge ratios. Using dynamic and electrophoretic light scattering it was shown that the most monodisperse suspension of nanoparticles was formed at the mRNA:PGS charge ratio equal to 1:5. The average hydrodynamic particles diameter was determined, and it was confirmed by electron microscopy. The evaluation of the zeta potential of the investigated complexes showed that the particles surface charge was close to the zero point. This may indicate that the positively charged PGS conjugate has completely packed the negatively charged mRNA molecules. It has been shown that the packaging of mRNA-RBD into the PGS envelope leads to increased production of specific antibodies with virus-neutralizing activity in immunized BALB/c mice. Our results showed that the proposed polycationic polyglucin:spermidine conjugate can be considered a promising and safe means to the delivery of mRNA vaccines, in particular mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland
Hindu Response to Dying and Death in the Time of COVID-19
No full textWe wake each morning to news on the glaring statistics of people infected by COVID-19 and others reportedly dying from complications thereto; the numbers are not receding in at least a number of countries across the world (barring a few that imposed strict lockdowns, testing and quarantining measures, such as Australia, Singapore, New Zealand and Vietnam). It is hard to imagine a moment such as this that most of us have lived through in our life-time; but it is a reality and public challenge that we can neither ignore nor look away from. In what follows I will explore perspectives on death from the Hindu tradition and the kinds of response—and solace or wisdom—afforded by the tradition to the angst and fears evoked by this pandemic situation. In concluding the discussion, I shall offer tentative reflections on how the Hindu perspective may be universalized, such as might invite conversations with therapists and care workers who may be seeking alternative resources to help expand the therapeutic space in more beneficent ways during the Covid-19 pandemic and its after-effects © Copyright © 2021 Bilimoria
Wind ENERGY in Russia: The current state and development trends
No full textWind energy is one of the leading forms of non-hydro renewable energy sources in the world. Russia ranks among the top countries with vast wind energy resources and among the top CO2 producers as well. Simultaneously, the utilization of wind energy is extremely low compared to other CO2 emitting states. This paper aims to describe the ongoing situation for wind energy development according to the most critical aspects that affect evolution. Investor support schemes, permission procedures, social, educational, and research issues, available data on wind energy resources and local production facilities, and supportive policies are also described. A discussion on possible obstacles and limits to windfarm deployment and probable capacity growth scenarios has been provided. Trends for different economic development prognoses were evaluated considering possible outcomes for wind energy facilities introduction. The optimistic scenario suggests that, depending on global economic growth by 2030, the volume of wind generation capacity could reach up to 10 GW by 2030. The pessimistic scenarios, more probable due to the COVID-19 pandemic, limit the growth by 3.6 and 6.4 GW depending on the gross domestic product volumes decrease. The threats to the renewable energy sources development in Russia due to the world's current situation are summarized in conclusion. © 2021 The Author
Extracellular vesicles in viral pathogenesis: A case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde
No full textSecretion of extracellular vesicles (EVs) is a fundamental property of living cells. EVs are known to transfer biological signals between cells and thus regulate the functional state of recipient cells. Such vesicles mediate the intercellular transport of many biologically active molecules (proteins, nucleic acids, specific lipids) and participate in regulation of key physiological processes. In addition, EVs are involved in the pathogenesis of multiple diseases: infectious, neurodegenerative, and oncological. The current EV classification into microvesicles, apoptotic bodies, and exosomes is based on their size, pathways of cellular biogenesis, and molecular composition. This review is focused on analysis of the role of EVs (mainly exosomes) in the pathogenesis of viral infection. We briefly characterize the biogenesis and molecular composition of various EV types. Then, we consider EV-mediated pro-and anti-viral mechanisms. EV secretion by infected cells can be an important factor of virus spread in target cell populations, or a protective factor limiting viral invasion. The data discussed in this review, on the effect of EV secretion by infected cells on processes in neighboring cells and on immune cells, are of high significance in the search for new therapeutic approaches and for design of new generations of vaccines. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland
Global energy trilemma
No full textThe international community has become increasingly concerned with sustainable development and particularly with preventing climate change. The COVID-19 pandemic and global recession of 2020 will exacerbate the situation not just for 2020-2021, but for many years to come. Sadly, it is a game-changer. The necessity to solve problems of poverty (energy poverty) and inequality, as well as growth and climate change mitigation, now haunts intellectuals, forecasters, and politicians. These three problems constitute the global energy trilemma (GET). There is a wide range of forecasts, scenarios, and political plans emerging after the Paris Agreement in 2015. They demonstrate concerns about the slow progress on the matter; however, they still increase the goals for 2030-2050. The global capital formation is a key tool for changes while also representing the hardbudget investment constraints. This article examines practical features of recent trends in energy, poverty, and climate change mitigation, arguing that allocation and coordinated management of sufficient financial resources are vital for a simultaneous solution of GET. No group of countries can hope to solve each of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) separately. The global economy has reached the point where it has an urgent need for cooperation. © 2020 Nikiforov Russian Center of Emergency and Radiation Medicine, EMERCOM of Russia. All rights reserved
