International Journal of Innovation in Management, Economics and Social Sciences
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Analyzing Success Factors of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs): A Study in Iranian Context
Get PDFPurpose: This study aims to identify and analyze the success factors of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) following the lines of dynamic capabilities and resources-based views.
Methodology: To achieve this objective, the multiple case study method was followed, where 20 SMEs/cases in Iran were selected. For this purpose, the statistical population of the research is the managers, experts and experts of small and medium-sized enterprises. For determining the sample size, a targeted sampling method has been used. The reliability of the questionnaire was also confirmed by Cronbach's Alpha (α = 0.971) and its validity was confirmed by experts and experts. Finally, ISM technique used to analyze information.
Findings: From a content analysis of the interviews conducted to the owner-managers of these SMEs, the most important success factors identified were: 1) Business environment, 2) Capital availability, 3) Business support, 4) Leadership and Management, 5) Business characteristics, 6) Individual factors, 7) Government Support, 8) Infrastructure, 9) Human Resource Management and 10) Networks/Partnerships.
Community Leaders and Their Influence on Tourism Development in Bali
Get PDFPurpose: This paper aims to identify and explain the role of community leaders in the development of tourism in Bali. Bali, which is known as a world tourism destination, is able to develop well and cannot be separated from the participation of the community and the figures in it. The role of community leaders in tourism development in their respective areas is interesting to observe, with the aim of understanding how the capital used by the figures synergizes with the community in developing a destination.
Methodology: The data collection was done by observation and interviews and was analyzed using the cultural studies approach, especially the deconstruction method. Deconstruction is aimed at causing a hierarchical order that organizes the text.
Findings: The results of the data analysis were presented in a descriptive and narrative form Social capital and cultural capital play an important role in the development of a region into a tourism destination area. Based on direct observations, it was found that some areas like Sanur, Ubud, Pemuteran, and Munduk could develop tourism with a sustainable and community-based concept. In four areas, based on observations and in-depth interviews, tourism in the four places could develop thanks to pioneers who were at the same time community leaders admired by the communities. This phenomenon is interesting to be examined, that is, from the community perspective the role of social and cultural capital in practice has a higher value than economic capital. Thus, this needs to be understood and important to be investigated, especially in the effort of developing sustainable tourism at the village level.
Originality/Value: Based on the capital needed in tourism development, cultural capital is the very crucial one that functions to influence people to participate in and support the tourism activities developed in an are
Supply Chain Resilience in the Tobacco Industry in Honduras
Get PDFPurpose: The purpose of this article is to show the factors associated with the resilience of the supply chain in the tobacco industry and their influence on its performance.
Methodology: The methodology used was an exploratory, descriptive, correlational and explanatory type of study.
Findings: Through a path analysis, the integrated link between the theoretical model and the sample data was evaluated, and it was demonstrated how these data are anchored in the theoretical framework.
Originality/Value: The characterization of disruptions (positive or negative) in the performance of the supply chain, shows how they dynamically influence the ecosystem, the investments of the supply chain, interacting with each other and having effects to a greater or lesser extent; as is the case of the pandemic and the war between Russia and Ukraine in the Tobacco Industry and how it responds to such disruption, generating to what extent they affect these components and the strategies developed to address the risks
The Existence of Imported Fruit in Contemporary Rituals in Pandemic
Get PDFPurpose: This paper aims to describe the existence of imported fruit used by the Balinese Hindu community as a ritual tool during the pandemic. There is an assumption that imported fruit is more expensive, meaning that everyone who uses these fruits in their offerings (banten) is a person who is at a certain economic level and social status. Although the government recommends using local fruit, because it has an impact on the welfare of local farmers, this does not make people switch to consuming local fruit. Even during the pandemic, this phenomenon can still be seen in various ritual activities, in cities and villages. With the argument that imported fruit is easier to find than local fruit, imported fruit is the people's choice. In addition, many Hindu religious ceremonial activities in Bali from small to large scale require the community to buy fruit in a certain amount and at a certain time. Thus, it can be understood that the high consumption of imported fruit is due to the high demand for fruit and the lifestyle of the people who want to look classy.
Methodology: This research was conducted using an ethnographic approach as a variant of the qualitative approach. Data collection is done through observation and interviews with the perpetrators, namely people who carry out ritual activities. Respondents were met randomly at the location of the ceremony. The results of data analysis are presented informally in descriptive – narrative form.
Findings: Religious ceremonies in Bali are carried out in contemplative life, manifested by the totality of their people in giving offerings to God. The spiritual totality of the Balinese Hindu community not only has an impact on the preservation of tradition, but also on the economy of the Balinese people. The high demand of imported fruit for offerings, in addition to having an impact on the occurrence of contestation, also provides economic benefits for the Balinese people who work as fruit sellers, both in the market and in supermarkets.
Originality/Value: By this research, an understanding of the making of ceremonial facilities is still often found to fulfill desires rather than spiritual needs, namely to show socioeconomic status. One can be shown by the use of ceremonial facilities that look classy
Fuzzy Robust Optimization in Closed-Loop Supply Chain Network Model for Hazardous Products (Lead-Acid Battery)
Get PDFPurpose: This paper models a closed-loop supply chain network problem for hazardous products in the face of demand uncertainty and variable costs. The designed model includes a set of suppliers, production centers, distribution, recycling, disposal, collection and end customers in which strategic and tactical decisions are made simultaneously. Among the decisions made in this paper is the location of production, distribution and collection centers and determining the optimal amount of product flow between the levels of the supply chain network.
Methodology: In this paper, the Epsilon constraint method is used to solve a multi-objective model in GMAS software. This article also uses uniform data to solve the problem.
Findings: The results of solving the model with fuzzy robust optimization method show that with increasing the uncertainty rate and also reducing the transfer time of hazardous products, the total network costs as well as the amount of greenhouse gas emissions have increased. Also, the study of Pareto front to optimize the total design costs and the amount of greenhouse gas emissions shows that by reducing the amount of greenhouse gas emissions in the network, the costs related to location and routing increase.
Originality/Value: In this paper a fuzzy robust optimization is used in closed-loop supply chain network model for hazardous products (Lead-Acid Battery)
The Relationship between Regulation and Consumer Protection in the Non-Banking Financial Sector: A South African Perspective
Get PDFPurpose: Since the 2008/09 global financial crisis, financial regulation has become topical. As a result, governments of various economies have since implemented various regulatory reforms with the aim to avoid future crises and strengthen consumer protection. Academic literature indicates that scholars have divided opinions on the role of regulation to improve consumer protection. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between financial regulation and consumer protection. The study was narrowed down to focus on the South African non-banking financial sector.
Methodology: The study formulated one overall research question, which was supported by three sub-questions raised. A quantitative research methodology was employed and survey questionnaire administered to collect data.
Findings: The relationship between the two variables was tested statistically and finding depicted a negative correlation between the two variables and that strict financial regulation is not a predictor of improved consumer protection.
Originality/Value: This paper has been investigate the relationship between regulation and consumer protection in the non-banking financial sector in South African perspective
The relationship between management ability and investment opportunities with an emphasis on the role of political connection
Get PDFPurpose: With the expansion of the quality level of activity as well as the widespread development of economic affairs, financial and investment decisions are among the most complex issues that arise in order to obtain the best return and desirability in the best conditions. In this regard, financial managers, given the primary responsibility for these decisions, seek to establish relationships between the factors of the firms in the firm, including investment opportunities. The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between management ability and political connection with investment opportunities. The QT ratio and market to book ratio (MTB) are used to measure corporate investment opportunities.
Methodology: Corporate political connection is defined by Fasio's political cost variables and the use of the TOPSIS multi-criteria decision-making models and the Shannon entropy weighting method. In order to test the hypotheses, 116 companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange during the period 2014-2019 were selected for the sample.
Findings: The results of the analysis using the generalized least squares hybrid regression (GLS) method indicate that there is a significant and positive relationship between management ability and investment opportunities in Tehran Stock Exchange companies. There is a negative and significant relationship between political connection and investment opportunities. The political connection also does not affect the relationship between management ability and investment opportunities.
Originality/Value: The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between management ability and political connection with investment opportunities. The QT ratio and market to book ratio (MTB) are used to measure corporate investment opportunities
The Impact of Income Inequality on the Level of Community Health and Economic Development in Iran
Get PDFPurpose Given that health is one of the categories that is directly and indirectly affected by income inequality in the country. In this study, the effect of income inequality and economic development on the level of life expectancy as a health indicator is examined.
Methodology: This article is an analytical and ecological correlation type using the time series data of 2002-2019 to study the variables of Gini coefficient, per capita income, GDP and life expectancy in Iran. For this purpose, the regression test approach has been used. SPSS software was used to analyze the data.
Findings: According to the results, the significant value of regression is less than 0.05, so regression is significant. The standard beta value for the Gini coefficient is negative 0.367 and the significant value is 0.005, so the Gini coefficient at the 95% confidence level has a negative and significant effect on life expectancy. The standard beta coefficient for national per capita income is 0.783 and a significant value is 0.001. Therefore, national per capita income at the 95% confidence level has a positive and significant effect on life expectancy. In the variable Gini coefficient and national per capita income, more than 81% explain the changes in life expectancy.
Originality/Value: The results show that health is more affected by income inequality than any other variable. There is also a significant relationship between income inequality and health indicators and reducing inequality and increasing economic development has a positive relationship with health. In this regard, one of the key ways Achieving this is improving the components of human capital, including health. Therefore, adopting appropriate policies to improve income distribution can be effective in promoting the health of people in society and consequently in developing societies such as Iran, simultaneous attention to economic development and income distribution is the best strategy to ensure and promote health
Investigation and identification of social harms in the new city of Sahand, Tabriz (With emphasis on Mehr housing)
Get PDFPurpose: With the increase of Iran's urban population, large cities faced many problems and new cities were located and built to attract population overflow in the area of these cities. The new city of Sahand was built to reduce the demographic, economic, social and physical problems of the metropolis of Tabriz in the sphere of influence of this city. With the creation of Mehr housing in phases 2, 3 and 4 of this city, a new issue was raised. This article seeks to examine and identify the social issues and problems of this city, prioritize them and identify solutions to reduce the impact.
Methodology: The research method used in this research is applied and survey.
Findings: Results show that the most important problems are: drug use, class differences, cultural poverty, distrust of neighbors, distrust of city officials, economic poverty, presence Thugs, the presence of badly supervised women, unusual relationships between girls and boys, harassment of women, quarrels and conflicts, running away from home, begging, unconventional relationships between married men and women, child abuse and white marriage, relationships Poor neighborhood, general dissatisfaction with living conditions, feeling of insecurity in parks and gardens, inadequate lighting and lighting of roads, flooded roads, traffic jams and the problem of parking cars, unsuitable sidewalks, lack of medical centers, lack of playgrounds for children and adolescents, Lack of green space, inadequate garbage collection system, low quality of housing, lack of recreational space for citizens, etc., which are the most important factors in the occurrence and emergence of social harms in this city.
Originality/Value: In this paper, investigation and identification of social harms in the new city of Sahand, Tabriz (With emphasis on Mehr housing) is done
The Problem of Uninterrupted Hybrid Flow Shop Scheduling with Regard to the Fuzzy Processing Time
Get PDFPurpose: In this paper, an uninterrupted hybrid flow shop scheduling problem is modeled under uncertainty conditions. Due to the uncertainty of processing time in workshops, which is due to delays in receiving raw materials or machine failure, fuzzy programming method has been used to control the processing time parameter. In the proposed model, there are several jobs that must be processed by machines in sequence. The main purpose of the proposed model is to determine the correct sequence of operations and assign operations to each machine at each stage, so that the total completion time (Cmax) is minimized.
Methodology: In this paper, the fuzzy programming method is used to control the uncertain parameter. Also, The GAMS software and CPLEX solver have also been used to solve the sample problems.
Findings: The results of solving the problem in small and medium size show that with increasing the rate of uncertainty, the amount of processing time increases and therefore the completion time of the whole work increases. On the other hand, with the increase in the number of machines in each stage due to the high efficiency of the machines, the completion time of all works has decreased.
Originality/Value: The most important innovation of this article is the design of uninterrupted hybrid flow shop scheduling with regard to the fuzzy processing time