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Agricultural wastewater treatment and reuse technologies: A comprehensive review
No full textClick on the DOI link to access this article at the publishers website (may not be free).Agricultural activities generate substantial volumes of wastewater, characterized by diverse chemical, physical, and biological contaminants. Effective treatment and reuse of this wastewater are crucial for environmental sustainability and resource conservation. This comprehensive review explores the spectrum of technologies employed in agricultural wastewater treatment and reuse. It begins with an overview of agricultural wastewater, detailing its sources, composition, and impacts on health and the environment. The review then examines conventional treatment methods, including physical, chemical, and biological approaches, followed by an analysis of advanced technologies such as membrane processes, advanced oxidation, and electrochemical treatments. Integrated treatment systems, which combine multiple methods to enhance efficiency and effectiveness, are also discussed, with examples and case studies provided. The potential applications of treated wastewater, particularly in irrigation, industrial processes, and groundwater recharge, are highlighted to underscore the value of reuse. The review identifies key challenges in the sector, including technical, economic, regulatory, and social barriers. Future trends and research directions are proposed, emphasizing the importance of emerging technologies, sustainability, and integration with smart farming practices. By synthesizing current knowledge and identifying gaps, this review aims to guide policy, practice, and future research in agricultural wastewater treatment and reuse. © 202
Correlation of retino-choroidal thickness and vascular metrics with drusen volume as a severity marker of age-related macular degeneration
No full textClick on the DOI link to access this article at the publishers website (may not be free).Purpose: To assess retinal vascular perfusion and choroidal vascularity biomarkers correlated with drusen volume and severity of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Methods: Patients underwent swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA) (PlexElite-9000). Eyes with geographic atrophy or neovascular AMD were excluded. Retinal thickness, retinal perfusion including superficial (SCP) and deep capillary plexuses (DCP), foveal avascular zone (FAZ), drusen volume, choroidal thickness (ChT) and choroidal vascularity index (CVI) were assessed through the Advanced Research and Innovation Network. Linear mixed model and Spearman test were used for statistical analysis. Results: We assessed 81 eyes from 57 subjects (34 early-stage, 47 intermediate-stage AMD). The mean age was 74.95 ± 8.79 years. The mean LogMar visual acuity (VA) was 0.16 ± 0.18 (early-stage: 0.12 ± 0.17, intermediate-stage: 0.19 ± 0.18, P = 0.122). Between early and intermediate AMD, no significant differences were seen in SCP and DCP vascular perfusion (P = 0.368, 0.859, respectively), FAZ (p = 0.836) and retinal thickness within the 6-mm area (P = 0.680). Drusen volume showed a significant difference (early-stage: 0.0706 ± 0.1272, intermediate-stage: 0.2102 ± 0.2211mm3, P < 0.01). Intermediate-stage AMD had significantly lower mean ChT (266.40 ± 115.55 vs. 204.97 ± 70.69 µm, P = 0.038) and CVI (0.605 ± 0.021 vs. 0.591 ± 0.015, P = 0.004) within the 5-mm area. Drusen volume was negatively correlated with ChT (r = −0.198, P = 0.017) and CVI (r = −0.209, P = 0.029). No significant correlation was found between drusen volume and VA (r = 0.051, P = 0.143), retinal thickness (−0.03, P = 0.393), FAZ (r = −0.023, P = 0.150), SCP (r = −0.011, P = 0.307), and DCP (r = −0.022, P = 0.190). Conclusion: Drusen volume, a key AMD severity marker, correlates more strongly with choroidal parameters like ChT and CVI than retinal thickness and perfusion. It may serve as a biomarker for dry AMD severity, with choroidal biomarkers showing earlier disease changes. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The Royal College of Ophthalmologists 2025.Eye and Ear Foundation of Pittsburgh, EEF; Research to Prevent Blindness, RPB; National Institutes of Health, NIH, (P30 EY08098); National Institutes of Health, NIHNIH CORE Grant P30 EY08098 supported this work to the Department of Ophthalmology, the Eye and Ear Foundation of Pittsburgh, and from an unrestricted grant from Research to Prevent Blindness, New York, NY
Humanizing collaborations between mathematicians and mathematics educators–desert islands not required
No full textChapter 2 of Mathematics teacher educators' intimate scholarship: Being, knowing, and ethicsAvailable in ebook as a PDF or ePub. Also available in hardback."Note on our eBooks and Audiobooks: you can read our eBooks (ePUB or PDF) and listen to audiobooks on the free Emerald Books app on iOS, Android, and desktop. Or read and listen on Emerald's online reader (ePUB eBooks and audiobooks only). To purchase a digital book you will need to create an account if you don’t already have one. After purchasing you will receive instructions on how to get started." (Provided by publisher
Synthesis, evaluation and machine learning integration of fire-retardant fiber composites for aviation industries
No full textThesis (Ph.D.)-- Wichita State University, College of Engineering, Dept. of Mechanical EngineeringFiber-reinforced polymeric composites have been widely employed in a variety of industrial applications due to their superior properties. However, these composites often have limited tolerance for fire, lightning, and bird strike damage. One of the unique ways to address this problem is to develop a flame-retardant fiber-reinforced composite using modified resins and metallic copper (Cu) film surface coatings. In the first part of this report, a thorough investigative review was conducted to better understand the various flame-retardant additives properties, as well as the synergistic effects of additives on mechanical, thermal, chemical, and structural integrity. In the second part of this research, the development process for manufacturing flame-retardant composites by synthesizing Loctite resin via 9,10-dihydro-9-oxo-10 phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) inclusion and with metallic surface coatings, as well as the testing and characterization of the mechanical and thermal properties of the resulting structures, are covered. Composite panels were manufactured using a standard hand wet layup process, with flame retardant properties determined before and after resin modification and surface metal film coatings. The developed composite passed UL-94 flame testing with V0 rating and achieved high flexural, tensile, and shear strength. Microscopic images, C-scan, and SEM results confirmed good bonding between matrix and fiber. Smoke density and toxicity test results were encouraging, demonstrating nearly no smoke formation and very little release of harmful gases because of the improved fire-shielding and heat-dissipation capabilities. The research has further explored the use of machine learning algorithms as a novel tool for predicting composite mechanical properties. This study may open new opportunities for enhancing the characteristics of fiber composites for various manufacturing industries under diverse environmental conditions
Incoporating collaboration, communication and character into engineering education
No full textPublished in SOAR: Shocker Open Access Repository by the Wichita State University Libraries Technical Services, August 2025.Copyright of the Journal of Management and Engineering Integration is the property of the Association of Industry, Engineering and Management Systems Inc., and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use.The goal of KEEN’s Entrepreneurial Mindset (EM) framework is to incorporate learning that enhances students’ curiosity, connectedness of material, and creates value, which are expressed through collaboration, communication and character. The purpose of this paper is to describe KEEN’s Entrepreneurial Mindset, and demonstrate how to enact collaboration, communication and character within engineering courses. The methodology applied was to incorporate active learning within the classroom to encourage collaboration and enable students to become better communicators through Lean Six Sigma projects. Character was incorporated into an engineering economics course ethics materials, with real-world case studies related to ethics and values. Student-based assessments related to collaboration were implemented. Instructor-based assessments were implemented to assess the students’ communication skills within Lean Six Sigma project reports. Student-based pre and post ethics tests from the National Professional Engineers Society (NPES) were used to assess the students’ skills related to applying a professional code of conduct to real-world examples. Forty-one (41%) of the students had observed racial discrimination, 25% had observed gender discrimination and 20% had not observed any types of ethical dilemmas related to diversity and/or discrimination in their lives. The ethics module improved ethics learning related to identifying potential ethics violations by 17.9%, with a pretest average score of 3.0386 out of 5, compared to an improved average score post intervention of 3.5818, with a p-value on a paired t-test of ~0.000. The results were positive and demonstrated the application of EM related to collaboration, communication and character within engineering courses
2025 Shocker Strive Conference
No full textShocker Strive Conference: Morning sessions -- Afternoon session
Dual-Baseline search for active-to-sterile neutrino oscillations in NOvA
No full textThis is an open access article under the CC BY license.We report a search for neutrino oscillations to sterile neutrinos under a model with three active and one sterile neutrinos (3+1 model). This analysis uses the NOvA detectors exposed to the NuMI beam, running in neutrino mode. The data exposure, 13.6×1020 protons on target, doubles that previously analyzed by NOvA, and the analysis is the first to use νμ charged-current interactions in conjunction with neutral-current interactions. Neutrino samples in the near and far detectors are fitted simultaneously, enabling the search to be carried out over a Δm412 range extending 2 (3) orders of magnitude above (below) 1 eV2. NOvA finds no evidence for active-to-sterile neutrino oscillations under the 3+1 model at 90% confidence level. New limits are reported in multiple regions of parameter space, excluding some regions currently allowed by IceCube at 90% confidence level. We additionally set the most stringent limits for anomalous ντ appearance for Δm412≤3 eV2. © 2025 authors. Published by the American Physical Society. Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP3.University of Minnesota, UMN; National Science Foundation, NSF; High Energy Physics, HEP; Science and Technology Facilities Council, STFC; GA UK, Czech Republic; Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India, DST; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, CNPq; Russian Foundation for Basic Research, RFBR; U.S. Department of Energy, USDOE; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás, FAPEG; Fermilab, FNAL; Office of Science, SC; Royal Society; European Research Council, ERC; Ministerstwo Edukacji i Nauki, MNiSW; Ministerstvo Školství, Mládeže a Tělovýchovy, MŠMT; Rochester Academy of Science, RAS; UK Research and Innovation, UKRI; Fermi Forward Discovery Group, LLC, (89243024CSC000002)This document was prepared by the NOvA Collaboration using the resources of the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab), a U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics HEP User Facility. Fermilab is managed by Fermi Forward Discovery Group, LLC, acting under Contract No. 89243024CSC000002. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy; the U.S. National Science Foundation; the Department of Science and Technology, India; the European Research Council; the MSMT CR, GA UK, Czech Republic; the RAS, Ministry of Science and Higher Education, and RFBR, Russia; CNPq and FAPEG, Brazil; UKRI, STFC, and the Royal Society, United Kingdom; and the state and University of Minnesota. We are grateful for the contributions of the staffs of the University of Minnesota at the Ash River Laboratory, and of Fermilab
Exercise-induced hypoalgesia following blood flow restricted exercise
No full textClick on the DOI link to access this article at the publishers website (may not be free).Objectives: Assess the repeatability of exercise-induced hypoalgesia (EIH) following low-load resistance exercise with blood flow restriction (LL + BFR) and the magnitude of EIH following LL + BFR, high-load resistance exercise, and a control intervention 1-h after exercise. Design: Crossover design. Setting: University laboratory. Participants: 15 females, 15 males. Main outcome measures: Pain pressure threshold and tolerance of the rectus femoris, gastrocnemius, and biceps brachii pre-exercise and 0-, 15-, 30-, 45-, and 60-min post-exercise. Results: There was no significant (p = 0.211–0.741) difference in pain pressure threshold or tolerance between LL + BFR1 and LL + BFR2 suggesting that EIH following LL + BFR is repeatable. LL + BFR elicited a significant (p = 0.001–0.043) increase in local pain pressure threshold (1.57 ± 1.21–0.98 ± 1.48 Δkgf) and tolerance (1.98 ± 2.65–0.83 ± 2.15 Δkgf) up to 1-h post-exercise. High-load resistance exercise elicited a significant (p = 0.003–0.034) increase in pain pressure threshold 0-min post-exercise (1.69 ± 1.74 Δkgf) and tolerance 0- and 15-min post-exercise (2.31 ± 2.44 Δkgf; 0.56 ± 1.83 Δkgf, respectively) then returned to pre-exercise levels. LL + BFR elicited a significant (p = 0.025–0.046) increase in systemic pain pressure tolerance (0.77 ± 0.88 Δkgf) of the gastrocnemius as well as pain pressure threshold (0.53 ± 0.54 Δkgf) and tolerance (0.49 ± 1.02 Δkgf) of the biceps brachii, when collapsed across Time. Conclusions: LL + BFR may be a repeatable, effective pain management intervention that can produce prolonged EIH. © 202
Simulating the shielding needed for a dark matter detector inside of an asteroid
No full textA potential way to detect WIMPS, while limiting the amount of neutrino interference, is to build a detector inside of an asteroid. This would, as the orbit of the asteroid is away from the Sun, decrease the neutrino flux proportionally to the inverse square law. One of the questions that needs to be answered for this potential project would be: how much shielding does an asteroid need to provide for the detector to limit another significant source of interference, cosmic rays? To examine this question, a simulation using GEANT-4 of showers of cosmic rays was performed at different asteroid radii and a constant detector size. With the results of this simulation, multiple graphs of the relationship between asteroid shielding and the intensity of cosmic rays were produced to provide insight into the requirements of such a detector setup
The American Indian Institute: Native American founded education
No full textThesis (M.A.)-- Wichita State University, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Dept. of AnthropologyThe American Indian Institute (AII), a Federal Native American Boarding School that operated in Wichita, Kansas from 1915 to 1935, was founded with the unique goals of integrating traditional Native American knowledge and traditions in a Euro-American educational setting. Founded by Ho-Chunk Native American Dr. Henry Roe Cloud , the AII also worked to promote higher education and Christian leadership amongst Native American youth at the time. Spanning over 80 acres, the AII consisted of several dormitory buildings, barns for agricultural equipment, kitchens, and other facilities for the students’ education and care. Presently, the property has been heavily developed; divided into plats for neighborhoods, a church, and a fraternity.
Currently, there is no archaeological research on the AII, easily accessible information on the AII is extremely limited, and very little awareness of its existence in the local community. These gaps necessitate research that both engages the community and fills the gaps in knowledge of the Institute. If archaeological investigations are to be conducted in the future, the research must be collaborative from the beginning. To facilitate this, information covering the AII and relevant additional topics was compiled and shared with the local Native American community. By distributing the information and including a feedback survey, we were able to gauge the general level of interest amongst the Native American community in Wichita, Kansas. This research also provides a nuanced discussion of archaeological stakeholders related to the AII