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High-Diluted-Biomedicines Turmeric Extract (TE) act as Preventive Policy- Developer-Potential-21st-Century-Pandemic COVID 19 Vaccines: Achieved Community-Communication-Medicine-Science-Applications-Public-Health-Ecology-Green-Technology-Innovations–Econom
No full textIntroduction: Recently the COVID-19 Coronavirus-Disease-2019 caused by reinfection of the numerous new-mutant-coronavirus long-COVID-19-variant SARS-CoV-2, not only effects on global health, education, clinical research, economy, prolonged-neurological-damage, and total change of human civilization, but also its effects on some organs and tissues in Children causing the ‘Multisystem-Inflammatory-Syndrome (MIS-C)’ also, and the sixteen-months-pandemic have punctuated humanity’s timeline for hundreds of years, sowing panic, millions of infections (188) and killing 4-millions. Though the middle-and upper-classes now enjoying the vaccination, the minority, and low-income households, are really suffering. Still, the pandemic prevails, and the main objectives of the research are to find out suitable cost-effective community-biomedicines or universal vaccines by using high-diluted-form of turmeric extract with the help of local students Non-Governmental-Organization (NGO), and doctors.Methods: In the 11-slam-area, the community-biomedicine of high-diluted-form, Turmeric Extract (TE) or turmeric MT, made from the turmeric-rhizome, Curcuma longa L., is mixed @10-20 drops (1-2mg) /cup (100ml-150ml) of moderately-hot germ-free-drinking-water, administered orally every-day in the early morning (with an empty-stomach) once/day for thirty-days before illness-onset as a preventive measure, with no need to ethical consideration for the permissible doses and safety concerns, OR may be applied after the symptom-onset against present coronavirus infections as a vaccine, where COVID-19 patients in hospitalized, and also the dose could also be increased looking on the intensity of diseases, and age, just in case of treatment suggested by the doctors, and the young-local-students NGO, the “Burdwan-Green-Haunter-and-Students’-Goal”, take initiative for COVID-protocol, social-awareness- and treatment-camp with doctors.Results: The current preventive-treatment measures have shown that community-biomedicines of high-diluted-TE are more potent in preventing-pathogens by increasing-immunity against COVID-19 with the carcinogenic-free and ‘Multisystem-Inflammatory-Syndrome (MIS-C)’-free results in the 11-slam treated-area than another-control-area of Purba Bardhaman, and the NGOs are an active-helper in all respect.Conclusions: The easily-available, easily-suppliable, easily-applicable, side-effects-free, non-toxic, cost-effective, eco-friendly, easily-preparable, and the ‘MIS-C’ free high-diluted-potential-community-biomedicine, Turmeric Extract, maybe act as preventive-policy-developer-potential-21st-century-pandemic COVID 19 vaccine by achieving community-medicine-clinical-research-public-health-ecology-green-socio-economy-welfare-science-innovations-technology-communication-applications-issues-advancements. In new normal, it’d be the foremost important vaccines by applying the community-biomedicines of ultra-high-diluted-TE against day-to-day new virulent-coronavirus pandemics, and another multidisciplinary-health-disease suffering from COVID-19 improving community-immunity-or-herd-immunity also, and NGO act as potential-‘Social-Vaccines’ again, using biotechnology, biological researchers, biomedical-study-processes, and the final goal of future developing-potential-treatments and cures.</p
Cervico vaginal prolapse correction and management by using bilateral configuration of sterile synthetic plastic materials in local breed cow
No full textBackground: Cervico vaginal prolapsed is one of the most common disorders of the reproductive organs at the end of pregnancy and rarely after.Objective: Description of the surgical management of cervico vaginal prolapsed in normal delivery.Animals: Emaciated, local breed cow that was kept under an extensive management system.Study design: Case report Study methods: Patient history and clinical findings, diagnosis, treatment Outcomes: After frequent follow up and well provision of post operative care, the patient was recovered.Conclusion: Cervical-vaginal prolapsed can lead to infertility and sterility unless it is treated early, before it worsens. The use of sterile rectangular plastic material to prevent recurrence on the bilateral sides of the vulvar lips together with adequate sutures appears promising and is highly recommended for similar cases.</p
Estimation of border effect on yield of rice and nutrient uptake
No full textThe experiment was conducted at Agronomy Research Field of Bangladesh Agricultural Institute, Gazipur during 2019 to quantify the border effect on rice. The experiment was set in a randomized complete block design with twelve replications. The treatment was non border (T1) and border (T2). Border treatment (T2) had significant and positive influence on different parameters of rice. Grain yield and associated yield components improved in border treatment. Border effect was estimated at 8% in respect of grain yield. Increased tillers/hill (18%), filled grains/panicle (47%), grain weight/panicle (45%), grain growth (12%) weight of 1000-grain (0.97%), biological yield (4%) and harvest index (4.5%) were observed in border rows. Rice plant both flowered and matured 3 days earlier in border rows. Carbon input and uptake of N, P, K, S and Zn by rice were found higher values in border treatment. Carbon accumulation increased about 4.4% in border rice. Two lines/rows of rice hill should be excluded for harvesting of plot yield. Otherwise 8% yield will be deducted in actual yield calculation for eliminating the border area effect/border effect (for 2 lines/rows of hills around the plot). </p
Effect of deep-litter floor and battery cages system on the feed consumption and egg production rate of commercial Layers
No full textThis study was designed to determine the effects of deep litter floor and battery cages housing system on layer feed consumption and egg production rate. Thirty two commercial hybrid layers (hyline) of 10 months production age were randomly selected and distributed equally in four deep litter ground cages, and thirty (hyline) layers were kept in battery cages, which consisted of triple deck cages, provided with automatic nipple watering system and front trough feeders. During the experimental period there were slight changes in live body weight, it was about -0.01 kg in deep litter and about 0.04 kg in battery cages system. Layers housed in deep litter system significantly consumed more feed compared to that kept in battery cages except at first week, and best averages of feed conversion ratios were calculated for layers housed in deep litter than that kept in battery cages, differences were significant for second, third, fourth and fifth weeks of experimental period. Egg production rate were significantly different in layers housed in deep litter system through the production period except the first weeks. </p
Empirical review on determinants of potato and onion production technology packages adoption in Ethiopia
No full textVegetable production technology packages adoption is essential for intensifying its productivity thereby improve the income of smallholder farmers in Ethiopia. Analog to vegetable, production adoption of Potato and onion also play a great role in improving the daily livelihood of farmers. However, there are few studies on its technology adoption to encourage farmers to substitute their production methods by modern production techniques and maximize return from the sector. The objective of this review paper is to review determinant factors of vegetable technology package adoption in Ethiopia by using the finding of popular published empirical researches. The findings of the review identified that, adoption of potato and onion technologies in Ethiopia is low due to different constraints caused by demographic factors, socio-economic factors, institutional factors and technological factors. Similarly, different empirical researches which are reviewed by this 0review paper identified different types of potato and onion production technology packages like improved seed varieties, fertilizers, quality seed, irrigation services, crop protection methods, and storing house.As a result of the above combinations of vegetable production technology adoption factors, the expected outcome to be obtained from the sector is still poorly performed. By considering the importance of these potato and onion production technology packages, applying and implementing the procedures of adoption bring the decision to adopt technologies and improve the extent of it thereby sustain potato and onion production in Ethiopia.</p
A systematic review of encapsulation and control release technology in food application
No full textThis review paper is aims to give a brief description of encapsulation and control release technology in food preservation. Besides the material give potential information for those who interested for future development perspectives of the sector and also create awareness potentially for readers, traders, Students, factory workers, technologist and related stakeholder. the selection of encapsulating materials depends on the types, origins, and properties of these food ingredients. It is being increasingly popular in pharmaceutical, nutraceutical and functional food industries as a highly effective method that performs various functions; the major being prolonging the shelf-life of the active, masking the undesirable flavour, colour and taste and controlling the release of bioactive.</p
Microbial and heavy metals examination of Expellers groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) oil
No full textThis study was designed to determine the microbial and heavy metal contamination level in expeller’s groundnut oil. Ten samples of groundnut oil were collected, labeled from E1 to E10 and the microbial and heavy metals examination tests were laboratory assessed. The study results showed that, the Total Count of Bacteria (TCB) for all oil Expellers samples was 33.8 Colony Forming Unit (Cfu)/ml oil. The highestt value was (111 Cfu/ml) in E10 and the lowest value (7 Cfu/ml oil) in E1. Concerning the Total Count of Fungal (TCF) for all samples was 31.4 and 6.75 Cfu/1ml for the yeast and mould respectively. Yeasts highest count was 109 Cfu/ml in E10 and the lowest count was 6 Cfu/ml in E1. while moulds highest count was 18 Cfu/ml in E10 and the lowest number of 2 Cfu/ml oil was found in E2. The bacterial detection test of Staph, Bacillus, Coliform, and E.Coli in the oils Expellers explored that no bacterial presence in E1, E3, and E7 but, the four types were recorded in E5, E9 and E10. On the other hand E2, E6 and E8 showed positive detection to Staph and Bacillus, while E4 was positive to Bacillus detection only. The Concentration of Iron (Fe) on expeller oil samples (E2, E3, E4, E6, E7, E8, E9 and E10) was higher than the minimum specification limit of 5meq/kg for heavy metals, but E1 and E5 were within the minimum specification limit. All expellers oil samples were higher than acceptable limit for Copper (Cu) concentration that established by SSMO and Codex alimentary for heavy metals of less than 0.1meq/kg. As well as, the Concentration value of Lead (Pb) all expeller oil samples were above the specification limit of heavy metals that should not be more than 0.1meq/kg.</p
An Experiment on Growth Performance, Specific Growth Rate (SGR) and Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) of Rohu (Labeo rohita) and Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in Tank Based Intensive Aquaculture System
No full textThe growth and survival are considered as the crucial factors that should be taken into consideration in any aquaculture system. The experiment was aimed to evaluate the growth performance and subsequent survival rate of the rohu (Labeo rohita) and tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). It is important to evaluate the growth responses in relation to Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) and assessment of the total production of the culture unit. As per the recommended stocking density of 320 fishes/decimal in intensive aquaculture system 8 fry per tank was released to assess the growth performance, survival and production of both rohu (T1) and tilapia (T2). During experimental period, there were three replications for each treatment and feed was supplied at the rate of 12%, 8%, and 4% of the body weight of rohu and 20%, 15%, and 10% of the body weight of tilapia in 1st, 2nd and 3rd month for T1 and T2, respectively. The initial weight of individual tilapia was 7.52±1.81 gm and 14.75±0.19 gm for T1 and T2, respectively. The mean final weight was 44.01±4.03 g for T1 and 139.94±1.29 for T2. The weight gains of fish were 36.49±4.09 gm and 125.19±1.29 gm for T1 and T2, respectively. The mean percent weight gain of tilapia was higher in T2 (1715.05±0.00) than T1 (485.23±0.00). The Specific Growth Rates (SGR) of T1 and T2 were found 4.98±2.28 and 6.26 ±3.83, respectively. There was significant difference (p>0.05) in term of SGR between the treatments. Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) in T1 and T2 were 2.86±0.14 and 2.23±0.18, respectively. Higher total production was obtained in T2 (1119.52 gm) than T1 (278.19 gm) with 100% survival in both the treatments. The water quality parameters for both of the species were within the suitable range. This study reveals a promising arena for fish culture in tank-based intensive aquaculture system as an efficient way of overcoming the scarcity of water and land. This culture system may be an excellent way of producing fish in a small parcel of land with securing the propitious production and expected outcomes within a limited period of time.</p
Association of central blood pressure profile, ambulatory blood pressure parameters with 2D echocardiographic diastolic dysfunction and carotid intima-media thickness in patients with coronary artery disease
No full textIntroduction: Blood Pressure (BP) and its diurnal variability are linked to endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffness, promoting atherosclerosis which can be observed as intimal thickening in carotid arteries and atherosclerotic lesions in coronary angiograms.Objectives: To evaluate the association of Diastolic Dysfunction (DD) in patients with Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) with central and Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring (ABPM) indices and to assess Carotid Intima Media Thickness (CIMT) in different CAD score groups and then to compare the results with individuals having normal coronaries.Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Cardiology Unit Kandy in 2017/18. Patients undergoing elective coronary angiography were categorized in to low, intermediate and high SYNTAX score group. Invasive BP was recorded and Pulsatility Index (PI) was derived. Carotid ultrasound was used to assess CIMT and diastolic function was assessed by 2D echocardiogram. Patients had their 24-hour ABPM recorded. Results were compared with individuals having normal coronary arteries on angiogram.Results: There were a total of 60 subjects out of which 40 (Mean age=59.77±8.73years) had angiographically proven CAD and 20 subjects had no CAD on angiogram. Amongst the CAD group the calculated PI was 0.82±0.36. The ratio of early diastolic mitral inflow velocity to annular velocity (E/e’) which denotes diastolic dysfunction, had strong positive correlation with PI (r=0.942, p=0.002). The mean CIMT for right and left carotid arteries were 0.62±0.11mm and 0.65±0.13mm respectively. A higher but statistically insignificant (p=0.087) CIMT value was noted among patients with SYNTAX score ≥ 23 (7.55±3.01) than in SYNTAX score ≤ 22 (6.87±1.93).Low SYNTAX score group had 45%, (n=18) abnormal dipping pattern in ABPM whereas only 12.5%, (n=05) in the intermediate to high score group showed this pattern, which was statistically highly significant (X2=30.7, p=0.004). Between the CAD group and subjects having normal coronary arteries, the following parameters did not show statistically significant difference. Invasively derived PI (0.76±0.17 and 0.78±0.15, p=0.318), ABPM-derived atherogenic index (r=0.005, p=0.658 and r=0.003, p=0.554), CIMT value (0.63±0.10 mm and 0.52±0.19 mm, p=0.196) and the mitral annular E/e’ velocity (9.56±5.40 and 10.81±3.22, p=0.372).Conclusion: Diastolic dysfunction which is reflected by E/e’ positively correlated with invasively derived PI which indicate incipient arterial stiffness. Therefore E/e’ could be used as a non-invasive tool to assess arterial stiffness indirectly. In ABPM, statistically significant abnormal dipping pattern was observed in low SYNTAX group compared to high group which demonstrates the difference in BP variability and haemodynamic diversity amongst CAD patients with different atherosclerotic disease burden. These findings reflect the usefulness of non-invasive parameters such as E/e’ and CIMT to predict the extent of coronary artery disease and the need for further detailed studies in this field using large patient population in order to find out the best non-invasive parameter which independently predict the CAD burden.</p
Case report: Acute Kidney Injury, Liver impairment, Severe Anemia in a child with Malaria and Hyperparasitaemia
No full textSevere Malaria is a medical emergency mainly because of its rapid progression to complications and death if not promptly and adequately treated. In 2018 WHO put the incidence of P. falciparum Malaria in the African region to be around 99.7%.We present a case where a boy who presented with high grade fever, prostration, and jaundice. On investigation he was found to have parasitemia of 35%, met multiple criteria for Severe Malaria namely: Hyper-parasitemia, Thrombocytopenia, Anemia and Metabolic acidosis. The child was treated with I.V. Artesunate and I.V. Antibiotics, developed AKI (Acute kidney injury) during the hospital stay necessitating multiple dialysis sessions before making a complete recovery. This is a rare case in several aspects as discussed below.</p