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Review of the monograph# Mateusz Kuczabski’s Health Security Implications for National Security
Get PDFThe reviewed monography by Mateusz entitled J. Kuczabski „Health Security Implications for National Security” fills a significant gap, because, despite the availability of extensive foreign and domestic literature on health safety, it is difficult to find a commonly agreed definition. The potentially useful distinction between “health and safety”, “health system”, “healthcare system” and “health security” has not been developed in the literature. Interestingly, the author notes significant discrepancies in the understanding and application of the concept of health security existing even in UN agencies, for example between the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) and the World Health Organization (WHO). The results of the research by M. J. Kuczabski presented and prepared by the author may serve as an indication of the direction of future transformations in the field of health security and health policy in relation to the Polish security system.</p
Detection rate of pulmonary tuberculosis by direct and concentrated microscopy techniques with Lowenstein-Jensen Culture as standard: South-South Nigeria Scenario
Get PDFObjective: This study seeks to identify a more sensitive smear microscopy method for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in low-resource centers. Materials and methods: One hundred and forty sputum specimens were collected and direct smears were prepared as the specimen was submitted. The specimens were afterward digested/decontaminated using the modified Petroff’s method. Both smear methods were stained by the Ziehl-Neelsen technique and examined. All specimens (direct and concentrated) were cultured on a Lowenstein-Jensen medium and results were considered the gold standard to calculate sensitivity. Results: Out of 140 specimens, 27 (19%) and 34 (24%) were positive by direct and concentrated methods respectively. The number of culture positives by the direct and concentrated method was 26 (19%) and 31(22%) respectively. The sensitivity of direct and concentrated methods was 92.3% and 100% respectively. The negative culture and contamination rate was minimum with the concentrated method. The diagnostic accuracy of direct and concentrated methods was 88.6% and 97.1%. Conclusion: In summary, results showed concentrated techniques were able to detect more true positive Mycobacterium tuberculosis than the direct smear method. Therefore, the study region with AFB smear microscopy can utilize the concentrated smear method for AFB smear microscopy to improve the case-finding strategy.</p
Limnological characterization of the sources of Volga, Dnieper & Western Dvina (Daugava)
No full textSprings are important habitats and determine the characteristics of headwater streams. However, they are rarely studied and usually not included in monitoring programs. Our study characterizes the sources of three large rivers and contributes to the knowledge about the biggest East European drainage divide. The catchment area is characterized by dense forests, which are rich in swamps and mires. The paludified catchment is typical for the rivers in this region and it is also determining the physicochemistry of the water. We provide a first dataset about the physicochemical conditions of the sources of Volga, Dnieper, and Western Dvina, which should build a basis for further analyses of the springs of these large rivers. We suggest that monitoring the sources of the large rivers in the Valdai hills should be considered as an extension of the existing monitoring programs. </p
Genetic Progress for Yield and Yield Components and Reaction to bean Anthracnose (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum) of Medium Sized Food Type Common Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaries L.) in West Shoa Zone, in Ethiopia
No full textEleven common bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) varieties that were released in Ethiopia from 1998 to 2014 were evaluated as medium seeded food type common bean varieties. The objectives of this study were to: (1) estimate the genetic progress made in 16 years of common bean breeding in Ethiopia; (2) assess changes in associated traits in the genetic improvement of common bean varieties released in Ethiopia; and (3) assess the reaction of common bean varieties to bean anthracnose [Clletotrichum lindemuthianum (Sacc. & Magnus) Briosi & Cavara]. The study was conducted at two locations, Bako and Gute during the 2014/2015 cropping season in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Days to 50% flowering (DF), Days to 90% maturity (DM), Grain filling period (GFP), Hundred Seed weight (HSW), Biomass yield (BMY), Grain yield per plot (GY), Harvest index (HI), Biomass production rate (kg/ha/day), Seed growth rate (kg/ha/day), Grain yield per day (kg/ha/day) and Anthracnose (1-9) scale data were collected on plot basis and Plant height, Number of pods per plant, Number of seeds per pod, Number of seeds per plant and grain yield per plant data’s were collected on a plant basis. Combined analysis of variance showed highly significant differences among the common bean varieties and between test environments for hundred seed weight. The variety by location (VXL) interaction showed highly significant differences in biomass yield, harvest index, days to flowering, grain filling period, and biomass production rate. Regression analysis of mean performance at both environments on year of varietal release showed positive relationship for Gran yield (r = 0.08), Seed weight (r = 0.08) and Harvest index (r = 0.4) but negative relationship for Biomass yield (r = 0.04) and anthracnose disease severity (r = 0.016). The highest mean grain yield was 3008.7 kg ha-1 for the Haramaya variety and the lowest was 1708.8 kg ha-1 for Ada, with an overall mean of 2271.1 kg ha-1. The annual rate of genetic progress was 22.3 kg ha-1 (0.31% ha-1), 0.56g 100 seeds-1 year-1, 0.006%, 0.19%, and -60 kg ha-1 year-1 for grain yield, seed weight, harvest index, anthracnose disease severity, and biomass yield respectively. Generally, grain yield was slightly increased in the period of genetic improvement. Grain yield day-1 (90%) character explained more for the variation of grain yield but, anthracnose disease severity played the major role as grain yield did not respond significantly increment by (-33%) than seed weight (-0.01%) from stepwise regression results. The yield of medium seeded food type common bean varieties was increased due to grain yield day-1 for the past sixteen years (1998-2014) of breeding. The future crucial consideration will be managing the disease, like anthracnose disease for this common bean class and finally, Haramaya (3008.7 kg ha-1), SER- 125 (2954.8 kg ha-1), and SER-119 (2653.1 kg ha-1) will be recommended for the study area. </p
Current trends in heterogeneous systems: A review
No full textLooking at the heterogeneous system, this paper touches on the architecture of heterogeneous systems, program models, and some challenges in this field. Heterogeneous systems have become an important development trend in the current high-performance computing field. Heterogeneous systems can be seen from smartwatches, mobile phones and laptops to server systems. This paper will explore different types of heterogeneous systems such as CPU-GPU architecture, and ARM big. Little architecture. The program model for different types of heterogeneous systems where we will see how different architecture heterogeneous systems work. Then we will see some of the challenges in the heterogeneous system and finally some recommendations for future work.</p
Evaluation of the Existing Food Safety Management System (FSMS) Implemented in Sudanese Sugar industries
No full textThe present study was conducted in all Sudanese Sugar industries; namely; (Kenana, White Nile, Assalaya, Sennar, Guneid and New Halfa) during production season at 2017. The study aimed to evaluate the existence of food safety Management System implemented by all Sudanese sugar industries with reference to the Food Safety Management System (FSMS) of the International Standard Organization (ISO 22000). The data were collected using ISO 22000 checklist and direct interviews. Likert Five-Point Scale was used in scoring the checklist statement and the arithmetic mean was obtained. The results of the study revealed that the general requirement of the Food Safety Management System was not applicable; score less than (1.8 points) whereas its documentation that supports food safety programs scored major deficiencies in five industries less than 3.4 points. Secondly, the requirement of management responsibility attained non-compliance in three industries. Thirdly, the Requirement of Resource Management in all Sudanese sugar industries had major deficiencies except one factory scored minor deficiency less than 4.2 points. Fourthly, Planning and realization of safe products requirement was non-compliance in three factories less than 2.6 points and not applicable in the rest factories. Finally, the requirement of validation, verification and improvement of food safety programs was not applicable in all Sudanese Sugar Industries where it recorded less than 1.8 points. Lack of top management commitment and involvement and lack of government support represent the main constraints and barriers to implementing food safety systems in Sudanese sugar companies. Sudanese sugar industries need to implement food safety systems like GMP (Good Manufacturing Practices) and HACCP (Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point System) that represent the minimum requirement to implement Food Safety Management System.</p
Prevalence of anxiety and depression among physiotherapy students of private institutes in Faisalabad
No full textObjective: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence, incidence, and related variables of anxiety and depressive disorders among physical therapy students in Faisalabad's private institutes.Material and methodology: This is a cross-sectional study including medical students from the University of Faisalabad's Department of Physical Therapy. Using convenient sampling, 98 subjects were enrolled in the study after the ethics committee approved it. Questions about socio-demographic characteristics like gender, age, and parental education were included in the data collection tool. Descriptive results are represented in the form of Mean ± S.D. Chi-square test was applied for comparison of anxiety and depression with other variables. Checked significance at p-value 0.05.Results: Out of 98 participants, 63(64%) were male and 35(36%) were female. Out of 98 participants, 31(31.36%) were in age group pf 18-22 years, 39(39.79%) were in age group of 23-26 years and 28(27.57%) were in age group of 27-30 year. Average of age was 25.22 ± 2.19 years. Semester wise students included in the study out of 98 26.53% belonged to 2nd semester. 32.65% belonged to 4th semester and 40.85% belonged to 6th semester. After checking the association between variables and anxiety and depression significant difference were found between all variables with p-values less than 0.05.Conclusion: The study discovered high discomfort among physical therapy students. Furthermore, no significant gender variations in the incidence of anxiety and depression were found. Anxiety and depression have a significant societal and individual cost, including failure in clinical and written exams, medical dropouts, professionalism and personality development.</p
Growth and yield responses of groundnut to different rates of NPK fertilizer at Umudike
No full textThe field trial was carried out in the 2014 cropping season in the Research and Training Farm (Eastern Farm) of the Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike to assess the effect of NPK 15: 15: 15 fertilizer rates on the biological and economic yields of groundnut (Ogoja spreading cultivar). The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates. Two viable seeds were sown at 40cm×40cm in a hole/hill along the crest of a 10m ridge with 0.5m spacing between two ridges on 28th June 2014. NPK 15:15:15 fertilizer was applied to each hill on 26th July at the rates of 0, 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 kg/ha using the ring method. Field data were taken on the total fresh weight (g) of biomass/hill, number of pods/hill, fresh weight (g) of pods/hill, number of seeds/hill, 100 seeds` weight (kg/ha), and harvest index. The field data collected were subjected to Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Coefficient of Variation (CV), and line graphs with error bars using Genstat 12 edition and Excel Package, respectively. Fisher`s list significant difference (F-LSD) was applied to detect a significant difference between two means (P= 0.05). The result showed that the soil was texturally sandy loam with a pH of 5.20. The soil was also low in organic matter, total nitrogen, and potassium. But, it was high in phosphorus and exchangeable acidity. The application of NPK fertilizer significantly influenced (P≤0.05) the total fresh weight of biomass of groundnut with 150kg/ha giving the highest total fresh weight of biomass/hill. In the same vein, the application of NPK fertilizer at 250kg/ha also significantly increased (P≤0.05) the number of pods/hill. However, NPK fertilizer application did not significantly affect (P≥0.05) the total fresh weight of pods/hill, number of seeds/hill, 100 seed weight/hill, and harvest index.</p
Effect of Pulmonary Rehabilitation on the Health-Related Quality of Life (Hqol), Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and mental health among COVID-19 patients; A systematic review
No full textObjective: It is a systematic review on the COVID-19 and its post complication by using pulmonary rehabilitation as an intervention. This review paper aims at collecting, focusing, and presenting the current evidence and information on pulmonary rehabilitation to patients with COVID-19 and also its effect upon the HRQoL, ADL and mental health. Design: It is a systematic review, where 3756 studies were searched on the web of science, Scopus, PubMed, PEDro, and google scholar. published from 18th Jan 2020-19th Sep 2020. We searched the reference lists of selected studies, registries, international clinical trials, and respiratory conference abstracts to look for qualifying studies. Selection criteria; Randomised controlled trial, case reports, cohort and cross-sectional studies in which pulmonary rehabilitation as an intervention in COVID-19 patients and its effect on the HRQoL, ADL and mental anxiety depression health were included.Result: Eleven, out of 3765 studies were included, consisting of 4 RCTs, 4, cross-sectional, 2 case reports, and one cohort the studies evaluated effects of PR on HQoL, ADL, mental health, anxiety, and depression. In COVID-19 patients. The 11 studies included evaluated HQoL, ADL and mental health. among these Four studies reported using SF-36, IE (impact of the event) scale, and VAS. Three studies evaluated ADL through the FIM scale and Barthel index. Five studies evaluated mental health, depression, and anxiety using SDS (Self-Rating Depression Scale), SAS (Self-Rating Anxiety Scale), STAI (State-Trait Anxiety Scale), PHQ-9 (physical health questionnaire), MHLS(Mental Health Lifestyle Scale) and HADS(hospital anxiety and depression scale).Conclusion: The studies included in this systematic review showed that PR is an effective treatment option for patients with COVID-19, its post complications, and the effects upon HQoL, ADL, mental health, depression, and anxiety. There is a future need for more studies of a high methodological quality addressing PR effects on COVID-19 patients. Trial registration number: PROSPERO CRD42020209619.</p
Covid-19 and severe OAT syndrome with dramatic recovery
No full textWe describe a young man of 37 years with a transient but marked Oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT) syndrome due to severe covid infection with the perfect recovery of semen parameters along with recovery of general health. Setting district general hospital: Intervention none.We review the role of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2 virus), the role of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE-2), Angiotensin 1-7 (Ang 1-7) and propose that it is potentially involved in a cause and effect mechanism of injury.</p