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Screening and selection of Brachiaria brizantha accessions for forage values under irrigation at Wondo Genet, Sidama, Ethiopia
No full textThe experiment was conducted to evaluate different Brachiaria brizantha accessions at the Wondo genet agricultural research center to identify species/accessions so as to use the better performing ecotype for wider distribution among livestock producer communities in the country. Seven Brachiaria grass accessions (B. brizantha, 13151; B. brizantha, 13368; B. brizantha, 13653; B. brizantha, 16550; B. humidicola, 9222; B. brizantha, 13379 and B. mutica,) were used as treatments in randomized complete block design with three replications. The overall dry matter yield for B. humidicola, 9222 (5.95t/ha), and B. mutica, (5.61t/ha) accessions didn’t show a significant difference (p > 0.05) but significantly (p < 0.05) lower than all other accessions. Mean plant heights for the accessions were significantly different (p < 0.05) throughout the harvesting cycle period and overall yield with a lower plant height of B. mutica (63.2 cm) while non-significant (p > 0.05) overall mean height was recorded among other accessions. B. brizantha, 13151; B. brizantha, 13368; B. brizantha, 13653; B. brizantha, 16550 and B. brizantha, 13379 accessions outperformed in terms of overall dry matter yield. Further studies on agronomic performances of promising B. brizantha accessions under on-farm conditions and nutritional evaluation involving live-animal experiments are recommended.</p
Shy-Dragger Syndrome – An underdiagnosed sad reality?
No full textMultiple System Atrophy (MSA) regards a group of neurodegenerative diseases sharing the same physiopathology. It is a rare group of diseases and often represents a diagnostic challenge for clinicians. Mild symptoms are present at the onset of the disease and are often neglected by patients. The case report describes a 62-year-old female with multiple episodes of syncope with 3 months evolutions. Anamnesis revealed sleep apnoea and urinary incontinence. In order to perform complementary exams, the patient was admitted to the medical ward. Autoimunnity results were negative discarding this etiology; 24-hour arterial pressure monitoring revealed a severe fluctuation of tensional values capable of explaining syncope. Other exams revealed no pathological alterations responsible for the patient complaints. Multiple System Atrophy diagnosis was made after exclusion of other possible aetiological causes for the patient’s symptoms. More prevalent diseases such as Parkinson’s Disease, atypical Parkinsonic syndromes, and pure autonomic failure, among others may replicate the same symptoms. Diagnosing the patient with Multiple System Atrophy represented a challenge because of its rarity and clinical complexity. Being a disease with poor outcomes and representing necessary lifestyle changes to the patients and family life, an early and exact diagnosis may provide time and more life quality, within the disease limitations.Internists are often presented with complex patients being obligated to gather all pieces, and put them together, so that de puzzle may be deciphered.Learning points- Multiple systems atrophy is a rare incapacitating disease and it is believed to be underdiagnosed;- Complex diseases often present mild nonlimiting symptoms that patients might tend to neglect.</p
New geographic distribution area of the specie Nototriche hartwegii A.W. Hill, 1909 (Malvaceae: Malvales) in the wetlands of Central Ecuador
No full textNototriche hartwegii A.W. Hill, 1909 (Malvaceae: Malvales), is recorded for the first time in the province of Bolívar, in the wetlands of the Andean plateau of the Chimborazo Fauna Production Reserve (RPFCH). With this record, the endemic and limited distribution of this species to the wetlands of southern Ecuador, between 4100 and 4400 m.a.s.l., specifically in the provinces of Cañar and Azuay, is extended to the moorlands of central Ecuador.</p
Knowledge Evolution: Inert sciences to living science
No full textModern mentality tends to minimize what is real to a physical world that is accessible to its senses, instruments, reasoning and equations, ignoring other states of reality that, clearly throughout humanity’s history have been known. Modern human believes that he is capable of dispensing all knowledge from what he has been taught in the past by starting over again, trusting only their point of view and their own new prejudices. His attention increasingly focusing outwards prevents him from looking inwards, towards the center of consciousness, of being, which is, however, the first data that has been imposed on us and the basis on which necessarily everything else rests. A physical analysis of a piece of music or a painting, however scientific it might be, does not annul the meaning- so deeper and on another type of level-shows that the reality of a work of art is much more than its physical components. This objective work creates communication bonds interconnecting classical and modern science, relating different areas of knowledge. Like the invisible presence of microorganisms that participate in the evolution of nature, we intend to give a new approach to recovering the empirical knowledge long way forgotten by modern science in order to strengthen the reality of the parts that do not precede the whole, but when are born acquire sense together with the whole. Their role as “parts” is only a role in the cognitive process, not in the generative process.</p
Effect of fresh and fermented camel milk and colostrums on body weight and blood glucose level in alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits
No full textTo study the effect of fresh camel milk, fermented camel milk and colostrums on blood glucose levels 30 Alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits were taken. Diabetes was induced in rabbits using Alloxan, the diabetic rabbits were then treated with fresh camel milk, fermented camel milk and colostrums as well as insulin for 60 days. The results demonstrated that the body weight of rabbits treated with camel milk and its derivatives found to be kept within the accepted body weights range of 1.8- 2.5 kg. The lowest serum glucose levels were recorded by Group 1 (control), Group 3 (diabetic-treated with colostrums), Group 4 (diabetic-treated with milk), Group 5 (diabetic-treated with gars) and Group 6 (diabetic-treated with Insulin16 mg/kg body weight daily for 8 weeks) and the levels found to be within the normal level range of 75- 140 mg/dl, the highest level of serum glucose level was recorded by Group 2 (diabetic-non supplemented) and it was higher than the upper limit of the normal range. </p
The multimodal treatment approaches to varicose veins: Preservation versus thermal ablation of the incompetent great saphenous vein
No full textObjective: To compare the clinical efficacy of Ambulatory Selective Varices Ablation under Local Anesthesia (ASVAL) and Endovenous Laser Ablation (EVLA) with concomitant phlebectomy in patients with the incompetent Great Saphenous Vein (GSV).Design: “Prospective Case Series study (C2-C3 patients) with 2 and 5 years follow-up.Methods: This was a prospective observational cohort study in a single center. Seventy-six patients (59 females) with GSV incompetence and C2-C3 were included in the prospective consecutive case study. The diameter of GSV at the 15-cm below the SFJ level was the main criterion to identify two groups of patients. Thirty-three patients (25 females, mean age 37.03) with the GSV diameter ≤6 mm were treated with ASVAL. Forty-three patients (34 females, mean age 46.19) with the GSV diameter >6 mm were treated by EVLA with concomitant phlebectomy. Clinical and functional outcomes measured by Venous Clinical Severity Score (VCSS) and clinical recurrence-free rate according to the classification of recurrent varicose veins after treatment (PREVAIT) were analyzed in 2 years follow-up. The clinical recurrence-free rate was analyzed in 5 years follow-up.Results: 2-year follow-up was detected a significant decrease in the postoperative VCSS in the ASVAL and the EVLA group (p< 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference between both groups in VCCS in 2 years post-operation (p= 0.681). Frequency of recurrence did not differ between ASVAL (18.8%) and EVLA (21.4%) groups 2 years after treatment (p= 0.776) and the diameter of the GSV significantly decreased in the ASVAL group (5.48 vs 5.13, p= 0.008). The 5-year follow-up was detected recurrences in 40.0% of patients ASVAL group and 45.6% EVLA group (p = 0.668). Conclusions: Both ASVAL and EVLA effectively improve the disease severity in the groups of patients, selected according to the GSV diameter (≤ 6 mm or > 6 mm).</p
Attitudes of undergraduate nursing students towards violence against women and their occupational roles in addressing violence
No full textAim: This study was performed in order to determine the attitudes of nursing students towards violence against women (VAW) and their occupational roles in addressing violence.Method: This descriptive study was conducted on nursing students (n=108) at a State University in Ankara, Turkey. 1) Personal information form, 2) The attitudes towards VAW, and 3) The attitudes towards occupational role VAW scale were used for data collection. In data evaluation, frequencies, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test for independent samples and one-way analysis of variance tests were used.Results: The mean age of the students was 20.13±1.17 (min: 18, max: 26). It was determined that the mean of the VAW attitudes of the students of nursing is 74.15±12.01. The attitudes of the students were found far from the modern view. Female students were closer to the conservative view (p<0.05). The mean of attitude of the students related to the occupational role is 70.24±9.30. The students were did not have a tendency for supportive occupation roles towards VAW. Students’ age, parents’ education and profession, income level, and residence were not found to influence the attitude towards VAW and their occupational roles in addressing violence (p> 0.05).Conclusion: As a result of this study, non-contemporary attitudes and disapprove occupational roles towards VAW are still a major problem among nursing students. The nursing students should be educated in terms of awareness and knowledge towards VAW.</p
Promotion of improved onion technology through FRG System in Fadis and Babile districts of East Haraghe Zone
No full textPre extension demonstration of onion varieties was conducted at Fadis and Babile districts of East Hararghe zone one kebele from one FRG established and 10 trial farmers. Both varieties were sown on 10*10 plot size of demonstration plots with full package technology. The training was given for farmers on onion agronomic practices to make full package technology. The bulb yield of the improved onion varieties (Red Bombay and local) were 22.86, 18.74ton/ha at Erer and 22.00, 17.92 ton/ha Ballina Arba Kebele respectively. The result showed that there was a significant difference between both varieties at <1% level. Red Bombay has a 22.37% yield advantage over local check.</p
Phenotypic characterization of bacterial isolates from marine waters and plastisphere communities of the Ross Sea (Antarctica)
No full textBackground: In aquatic environments, microbial biofilms are hot spots of microbial diversity, as well as a substrate for larval settlement of many invertebrate species. Examining the functional diversity of microorganisms in polar regions is a new and still unknown field of aquatic microbiology, that is attracting increasing interest for its significance in both scientific research and resources exploitation.The context and purpose of the study: In the framework of research aimed at studying microbial colonization occurring at Terra Nova Bay, culturable heterotrophic bacteria were quantified and characterized phenotypically at two study areas (Road Bay and Tethys Bay) with different environmental characteristics: the first one was close to Mario Zucchelli research station and impacted by anthropogenic pressure due to sewage wastes, while the second was exposed to salinity gradients due to glacier melting. In this context, artificial structures hosting plastic (polyvinyl chloride, PVC and polyethylene, PE) panels were deployed at -5 and -20m depths at each of the stations (one Impact and one Control) chosen per each study area. Water samples were contextually collected at the time of recovery of the plastic panels, namely after 12 months of deployment; at Road Bay, at the -5 m depth, a short-term experiment was also performed, with the recovery of the panels after 2.5 and 9 months of deployment. Bacterial strains were isolated in axenic culture both from water and biofilm matrices, and examined for their main phenotypical traits and functional diversity, through Gram staining, oxidase production, glucose fermentation and screened for enzymatic activity profiles (proteolytic, glycolytic and phosphatasic activities) using specific fluorogenic substrates.Results: Most of the bacterial isolates were Gram-negative, oxidase-positive and glucose-fermenting strains. Higher enzyme diversification was found in Road Bay at the site impacted by the sewage wastes from the research station, compared to the control site. A higher abundance of heterotrophic bacteria was detected on PVC compared to PE. Several pigmented strains, ascribable to Flavobacterium sp., were isolated from biofilm with respect to the ones isolated from the pelagic environment.Main findings: The screening of bacterial isolates for the production of hydrolytic enzymes revealed that proteolytic and phosphatase activities were a common metabolic trait of both water and biofilm-derived isolated. Microbes inhabiting Antarctica represent a very important and not completely known source of bioactive molecules with possibly multiple applications, from biomedicine to pharmaceutical, cosmetics, biodegradation, and so on.Conclusions: This is the first contribution to characterize phenotypically the bacteria colonizing the Ross Sea seabed in comparison with pelagic heterotrophic bacteria and to explore their metabolic abilities and the biotechnological potential of these microorganisms. The preliminary data regarding the metabolic profiles and composition of the microbial community have highlighted the plasticity of the microbial community, whose metabolism is modulated by the organic matter supplies found near the Mario Zucchelli Station.Brief summary: Heterotrophic bacteria in the waters and in the biofilm covering the surface of settlement panels in plastics deployed at sea for different time periods were studied in two bays of the Ross Sea, Road Bay and Tethys Bay. The main phenotypical characteristics of the bacterial isolates were examined. The production of hydrolytic enzymes makes microbial biofilms interesting sources of molecules with a potential applicative interest.Any potential implications: Bioprospecting research on polar microorganisms represents an attractive field of microbiology that is supported by increasing attention towards the discovery of hydrolytic enzymes as new active compounds having unexplored properties and applications.</p
Glass Delamination in sterile formulations and Drug Recalls: A Review
No full textInjectable formulations are constantly facing continuing challenges of glass compatibility. To assure glass compatibility of the injectable formulation in the area of current interest. Most of the common and serious challenges of glass compatibility are glass delamination. Glass delamination is basically the degradation of the glass and formation of the flakes as a result of the incompatibility with the product stored. The other factors which contribute to glass delamination are the Type of glass container used, Storage condition, and Pharmaceutical Processings like terminal sterilization. Glass delamination should be taken very seriously as it is when present in the formulations it is directly related to the health of the patient. This review describes the Factors responsible for the glass delamination and its effect on patient health and the quality control analysis techniques of the same.</p