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Molybdenum supplementation may increase sulfides in the human colon
No full textI have observed what seems to be a rare but novel symptom that has not been documented in the medical literature, in a subject that I have been studying. The observation was a worsening of flatus and stool odor in this subject, a few days after the subject started an unphysiologically high dose of dietary molybdenum.</p
Review on milk production performance, challenges, and opportunities of dairy cows production in oromia regional state, Ethiopia
No full textThis review was conducted to review the information on milk production performance, challenges, and opportunities of dairy cattle production in Oromia. Supported management practices, marketing situations, feed sources, and feeding systems the foremost milk production systems are identified as rural milk production, peri-urban, and concrete milk production. Ethiopia holds large potential for dairy development mainly thanks to an acceptable environment and large cattle number that contains 65.35 million cattle populations. While there is a large milk cow population and favorable climatic conditions, self-sufficiency in milk production is low. The mean values of daily milk yield (DMY) range from 1 to2.8 liter/day with lactation length (LL) of 6.78 to 9.13 months for indigenous breeds, 6.5 to fifteen liters/day with lactation length of 7.52 to 11.67 months for crossbreed cows respectively. Both DMY and LL were significantly stricken by breed, parity, and year of calving. Challenges for dairying vary from one location to a distinct one. The foremost challenge that affects milk production performance of cattle in Oromia includes feed shortage, high feed cost, land shortage for farming of improved forage, insufficient veterinary services, no operational breeding strategy and policy, and low productivity of the indigenous cattle breeds are the foremost important factor limiting dairy products within the region. Therefore, to enhance these milk production performances of the dairy cow to determine genetic improvement policy, strategy, and breeding program and implement well management practices.</p
Screening pediatric testicular cancer: A literature review
Get PDFIntroduction: Childhood cancer is the leading cause of death in patients aged 5-19 years. Testicular tumors (TT) comprise 1 to 2% of all pediatric solid tumors. Although rare, TTs are often misdiagnosed. Screening improves clinical practice and decision-making for early diagnosis. Objective: To analyze the screening methods for detection of pediatric testicular cancer and contribute to the management of suspected cases.Methods: We conducted an integrative systematic review of the PubMed, EMBASE, and LILACS databases limited to records published between January/2013 and August/2018. Results: Sixty articles were initially selected based on the presence of specific search terms on the article body, title, and abstract. Of those, nineteen articles were selected for a full review. Clinical signs were not evident in most studies, but 12 (63%) reported the presence of scrotal masses. Cryptorchidism, family history, and the presence of contralateral TT were identified as risk factors. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was elevated in 73% of studies, but normal levels do not rule out a suspected diagnosis. Scrotal ultrasound (US) was instrumental in 73% of studies and Doppler US (32%) was able to detect nearly 100% of cases at diagnosis. Computed tomography (abdomen/chest) was required in 12 studies (63%) for confirmation of metastasis of testicular germ cell tumors. In 73% of studies, stages were subdivided based on the levels of serum tumor markers and the presence of metastasis. The inguinal-scrotal approach is suggested as the preferred method as it does not affect prognosis or require adjuvant therapy. There are minimum requirements for therapeutic retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy. In 14 studies (73%), advanced stages showed a good prognosis with surgery in combination with chemotherapy. TT histology and treatment are different for prepubertal and postpubertal patients. In the same 14 studies (73%), relapsed patients received chemotherapy. In eight studies (42%) the overall survival increased by five years and, in three of them, it increased 2 by 100% post-combination therapy. Conclusion: Few studies have evaluated the prognosis, disease recurrence, and survival rates of children with testicular cancer. AFP, US and an appropriate surgical approach provide optimal personalized treatment and minimize the adverse effects. </p
Citric acid acidification of wheat straw derived biochar for overcoming nutrient deficiency in alkaline calcareous soil (Case of Phosphorus)
No full textPhosphorous fixation in soils is a serious concern worldwide, and biochar is gaining attention daily due to its potential benefits for improving the agronomic benefits of applied phosphorus. The present study aims to enhance understanding of the phosphorus transformation process in a deprived sandy soil following biochar amendments (no-acidified wheat straw biochar and chemically modified (acidification with 0.01 M C6H8O7) along with or without phosphorus at 250 mg kg−1. A 54-day pot experiment was conducted with two biochar levels of 4%, 8% (w/w), and control, and two phosphorus levels (without or with phosphorus). The results indicate that the integration of acidified wheat straw biochar with phosphorus resulted in increased available phosphorus in the soil. We conclude that incorporating acidified wheat straw biochar is a promising practice to potentially improve phosphorus availability in deprived soils. Further research is needed to explore site-specific phosphorus management for sustainable crop production.</p
North Carolina’s Community Health Worker Initiative
No full textCommunity Health Workers support frontline public health professionals during times of public health pandemics by providing communities with trusted messengers that are a support system and liaison to medical and social services. North Carolina deployed Community Health Workers during the COVID-19 pandemic using funding under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act with success. We offer recommendations for a more robust program going forward using what was learned during the pandemic. </p
A comparison of blue and silver vertically-suspended environmental enrichment during Chinook Salmon and Rainbow trout rearing
No full textThis study evaluated the use of either blue or silver vertically-suspended environmental enrichment in two experiments, with one rearing Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) for 29 days and the other rearing rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) for 98 days. In both experiments, there were no significant differences in total tank weight, gain, percent gain, feed conversion ratio, or percent mortality between tanks with either silver (unpainted aluminum) or blue vertically-suspended environmental enrichment. Individual fish total length, weight, specific growth rate, and condition factor were also not significantly different between the two colors for both fish species. These results indicate that either silver (unpainted aluminum) or blue vertically-suspended environmental enrichment can be used during the hatchery rearing of juvenile Chinook salmon or rainbow trout.</p
Risk factors associated with response to highly active antiretroviral therapy after 24 months of administration to HIV, HIV/HBV and HCV patients in Kumba Health District, South West Region of Cameroon
No full textHepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) are two other forms of infections for which co-infection in HIV has been associated with alteration of the immune response, increased risk of progression to liver diseases, and increased risk of hepatotoxicity associated with antiretroviral therapy. This study aimed to establish the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis C antibody (HCVAb) among HIV patients, evaluate response to treatment between the different categories and identify the possible risk factors associated with this burden of hepatitis B/C among HIV patients and the resulting responses to HAART in Kumba Health, in the South West Region of Cameroon. Method: We performed a systematic screening using Rapid Diagnostic Test, for HBsAg and HCVAb among 299 HIV patients enrolled at the treatment centers in Kumba Health District (District hospital Kumba, Kumba Town Sub-Divisional hospital, and the Apostolic hospital Banga Bakundu), with all positives for HBV or HCV confirmed by the ELISA and results analyzed using SPSS version 20. Out of the 299 participants, 52 HIV patients, 36 HIV/HBV, and 12 HIV/HCV patients were involved in the prospective cohort study for 24 months which permitted monitored the immune response (CD4 counts and viral load test), as well as variation of biochemical parameters (ALAT/ASAT, albumin, bilirubine, creatinine) and weights of the studied participants. Result: Out of the 100 HIV patients involved in the prospective cohort, 36 and 12 were hepatitis B and C virus-positive respectively. Following the analysis of the viral load and CD4 cell counts, there were differences in response to HAART after 24 months between the mono-infected and co-infected patients, taking into consideration the, CD4 cell counts (HIV: 930.846 cells/mm3, HIV/HBV: 595.139 cells/mm3 and HIV/HCV: 678.500cells/mm3), and viral load (HIV: 1777.85copies/ml, HIV/HBV: 2232.61copies/ml and HIV/HCV: 750.83copies/ml). There were variations in biomarkers of the liver (ALAT/ASAT, bilirubin, and albumine) and renal function (creatinine) for both patients. There were also variations of the different biomarkers linked to the infection status of the different participants. Conclusion: There were positive variations in viral load and CD4 cell counts among the studied participants, with a more rapid response to the mono-infected HIV patients compared to the co-infected patients. Similar strength was observed in the variation of the different biomarkers and such variation indicates that co-infection of HIV patients with either hepatitis B or C virus can affect rapid response to HAART and the variations in the level of Biochemical markers among the different categories are linked to the alteration of the functions of the respective organs and so this result could be used for health decisions regarding co-infections.</p
Gelatinous peritoneal disease secondary to appendiceal mucinous adenocarcinoma: a case study and review of the literature
No full textPseudomyxoma peritonei also referred to as gelatinous ascites, is a rare disorder, described for the first time by R. Wyerth in 1884. It is characterized by the presence of mucous disseminated throughout the peritoneal cavity generally arising from the rupture of an appendicular mucocele. Pseudomyxoma peritonei can be asymptomatic, discovered during a laparotomy. The most common symptom is abdominal distension associated with diffuse abdominal pain. An abdominal CT scan is the most specific diagnostic tool. It shows pathognomonic signs of gelatinous ascites. Mucinous neoplasms of the appendix are the most frequent cause of pseudomyxoma peritonei accounting for 90% of cases. Pseudomyxoma peritonei needs to be considered as a borderline malignant disease because of its inevitable persistence and progression without an adapted therapeutic approach: cytoreductive surgery combined with perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy in specialized centers. The principal prognostic factors are the prior surgical history, the completeness of cytoreduction and especially the histopathologic grade.We report the case of pseudomyxoma peritonei secondary to appendiceal mucinous adenocarcinoma.</p
Hemoglobin genotype variants and Plasmodium Falciparum malaria in children receiving postpartum care at Faith Alive Foundation Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria
No full textMore and more data are showing a link between hemoglobin genotypes and Plasmodium falciparum malaria. In order to establish the prevalence of hemoglobin genotype variants and their association with P. falciparum malaria in children receiving postpartum care at Faith Alive Foundation Jos, Plateau State, we study the distribution of these variants. From each sample, thick and thin blood films were created, and hemoglobin genotypes were determined using electrophoresis. Out of 172 samples examined, 131 (76.16%) were infected with P. falciparum malaria while 41 (23.84%) were not infected. There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the distribution of P. falciparum malaria in relation to hemoglobin genotypes. P. falciparum malaria was highest in AA with 92 (70%) and SS was the least with 12 (9%). There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in th+++e prevalence of P. falciparum malaria in relation to age. P. falciparum malaria infection was highest in the age group ≥ 12 months than age group 0 - 11 months. There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the prevalence of P. falciparum malaria in relation to sex. The result depicted that P. falciparum malaria infects more males than females. There was also no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the prevalence of P. falciparum malaria in relation to months. The month of September had the highest prevalence of P. falciparum malaria followed by October and August respectively. It is, therefore, recommended that public health education campaigns for mothers and healthcare givers be intensified to create awareness that will lead to the reduction of human-vector contact, especially in children.</p
Post traumatic facial artery pseudoaneurysm-A case report
No full textFacial artery a branch of external carotid artery rarely develops an aneurysm due to its superficial location and small size that mostly leads to complete dissection rather than laceration of the vessel. Pseudo-aneurysms develop in the superficial temporal arteries in this region. Rupture of this aneurysm can lead to extravasation of blood within the adjacent soft tissues resulting in hemorrhage in some cases. Only a few cases of facial artery aneurysms have been reported in publications. We are therefore discussing here a case of left facial artery pseudoaneurysm secondary to trauma and its radiological imaging findings on CT angiogram. </p