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Best design practices & strategy to launch your own NFT project
No full textThe term ‘non-fungible’ is used in economics to denote the possession of unique objects and to describe things that cannot be replaced by others because they have a set of unique properties. A ‘token’ as a unit of account is a record in a distributed blockchain that is controlled by a computer algorithm of a smart contract, in which the values of the balances on the accounts of token holders are recorded, making it possible to transfer them from one wallet to another. Thus, non-fungible tokens (NFTs) refer to cryptographic tokens that represent digital files, images, audio, video, video game collectibles, and other creative products. Unlike cryptocurrency, which requires all tokens to be identical, each collected NFT token is unique or limited in quantity.</p
Evaluation of the concentration of suspended particles in underground subway stations in Tehran and its comparison with ambient concentrations
No full textSubway lines are responsible for 20% of the total passenger traffic in Tehran. Particulate matter is one of the most important major pollutants in subway stations and increasing their concentration leads to numerous health consequences for passengers and subway employees. This study aims to investigate the concentration of PM10 and PM2.5 in four underground metro stations and compare them with the concentration of these particles in the open air. Seasonal sampling (April 2018 - April 2019) of particulate matters was conducted in the middle months of all four seasons for one week in the middle months of each season at peak traffic times from 8am to 12am, at three locations (entrance, middle, and exit in each station) and also at outside ambient of each station. The results are then compared with the relevant standards. The main sources of suspended particulate matter in the underground subway stations were due to passenger traffic, train piston pressure, floor cleaning, maintenance operations, wheel-rail wear and braking, and the performance of the ventilation system in the subway station. The results of the monitoring measurements in this study showed that the annual average concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 in the four underground subway stations were 68 μg/m3 and 47 μg/m3 and in the outdoor ambient around these stations were 42 and 29 μg/m3, respectively. Also, this study showed that in the four underground subway stations, the annual average concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 were 1.5-1.7 times higher than those in the outdoor ambient, respectively.</p
Promoting entrepreneurship in science education: Insights into curricular goals
No full textThis study aims to examine whether elementary science curricula can be combined with the teaching of entrepreneurship, based on the approach of Lackéus, which is considered an important point of focus for present-day education systems. Entrepreneurship is not commonly handled as an autonomous subject. According to relevant approaches, teaching entrepreneurship relies on certain competencies, knowledge, skills, and attitudes. This research aims to identify whether science curricula include these competencies and can assist in developing entrepreneurial qualities. The data for the research was derived from the science curricula of 16 different countries or regions. Findings showed that there are entrepreneurial competencies in the curricula examined.</p
An ethno-botanical study of medicinal plants in Dilla Zuria Woreda of Gedo Zone, Southern Ethiopia
No full textThe present study was carried out to investigate the diversity and use of medicinal plants, and to document the indigenous knowledge of the local community. The typical ethnobotanical methodologies were applied during the study. Eighty-one informants were selected by the preferential sampling of which 61 were males and 20 were females. The selected individuals were considered knowledgeable in their view of medicinal plants. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews, field observation, group discussion, and specimen collection. Informant consensus, preference ranking, direct matrix ranking, and informant consensus factor were computed. A total of 105 plant species were identified belonging to 105 genera and 52 families. Of the total plants, 70 plant species have medicinal values and are recorded from the study area. Based on the study, the family Asteraceae was found to be the most prominent family with 8 species under 8 genera followed by Fabaceae which comprise 6 species under 6 genera. Of medicinal plants collected in the area, 79.66% were used to treat human ailments, 17.79% were used to treat both human and livestock ailments, and 2.54 % were used to treat livestock ailments. Of the total medicinal plants, herbs were the dominant making 45 (47.5%) followed by shrubs 35(29.46%), trees 15(15.75%), and climbers 10(7.35%). Leaf (41%) was the most frequently utilized medicinal plant part followed by root which is (18%). About 44 different kinds of diseases in the local community were identified and have been treated by existing and identified medicinal plants. The most widely used method of preparation was in the form of crushing (44%) followed by boiling (17%) and powdering (10%). The majority of preparations used fresh parts (53.63%) more than the dried forms (36.81%). Oral (50%) and dermal (30.92%) applications were the common routes of administration. Agricultural expansion, overgrazing, over-harvesting of plants for different household utensils, and other human-induced problems were the major threats to natural habitats in general and medicinal plants in particular. Therefore, it is recommended that awareness creation through training and education with the participation of government and non-governmental organizations on sustainable use and conservation of plant resources should be encouraged.</p
Spider limb regeneration: Cost and benefits
No full textOne of the most phenomenal innate powers of organisms is their ability to repair injured or lost body parts better known as regeneration. Regeneration is the natural process of replacing or restoring missing body parts and is a primary attribute of all living organisms. Studying regeneration may be a potential for use in biomedical sciences. Closely associated with regeneration in the arthropods is autotomy an anti-predator behavior in animals. Autotomy is one of the most remarkable features of many arthropods, however, autotomy is not well known in spiders. Also, the cost and benefits of regeneration of lost limbs have not received much attention in recent decades. Understanding the cost-benefits dynamics of regeneration of lost limbs in spiders will undoubtedly increase our understanding of the evolutionary trajectory. Spiders are remarkable for their ability to regenerate limbs with apparent ease during young stages. We used the huntsman spider Heteropoda venatoria as a model to address this. This mini-review also addresses the ecological implications of regeneration for spiders themselves. The study is of great importance because understanding the molecular mechanisms associated with regeneration could be exploited to reconstitute regeneration from constituent parts.</p
Communicative and pragmatic skills: down syndrome vs williams syndrome
No full textDown Syndrome (DS, hereinafter) is a chromosomal alteration produced by changes in the DNA sequence of chromosome 21, in addition to being the main cause of intellectual disability in the world [1]. According to the World Health Organization [2], DS has a worldwide prevalence of 1 in every 1,000 live births, but these figures vary due to different factors such as prenatal diagnosis. Others say that DS occurs in about 1 in 700 births [3].</p
The determinants of bushmeat consumption in urban areas in Laos
No full textThis study aims to examine the determinants of bushmeat consumption in urban areas in Laos. Men consume more bushmeat than women. Job, the government official was the major bushmeat consumer, but there was no proven by statistical approaches from this study we have done. The education of people who consume bushmeat has finished high school level. Ethnic, Lao Loum people have a negative impact on bushmeat consumption, but for Hmong or Lao Theung people, bushmeat is a long tradition of eating and being a major food source. In addition, believing in eating bushmeat can make people healthy is also valid. </p
Nutrition cycles in sessile oak (<i>Quercus petraea Liebl</i>.), Norway spruce (<i>Picea abies L.Karst</i>) and European beech (<i>Fagus sylvatica L.</i>) stands from Central Romania
No full textIn Romania, the sessile oak is the widest spread species of all native oak species, forming a lower story of vegetation. The European beech and Norway spruce cover 50% of the Romanian forest area. The purpose of this study was to analyze the variability of the leaf nutrients, as well as of the soil nutrients, for sessile oak, Norway spruce and European beech stands situated under different site conditions. The studied sites are located in the southern part of the Carpathian Mountains at altitudes varying from 600 m to 1300 m. Leaves samples were collected from twenty sessile oak trees, in three moments during the growing season. The same eight elements in total form were determined for soil and leave too: N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu and Zn. Leaves samples for beech and spruce were collected in the II Level Intensive Monitoring Grid of the ICP Forests Programme. The paper focuses on the seasonal concentration variation of eight macro elements in leaves and the correlations between the concentration of the macro elements in soil and litter. In addition, the study highlighted the degree of influence exerted by some soil properties on the foliar concentration of nutrients (through multiple regressions). The obtained results show different mobility of the elements and a greater variability was noticed in the case of certain elements. The same three soil properties were noticed to influence the foliar nitrogen concentration. </p
Influence of rooting media, number of nodes and seedling growing methods on rooting, seedling establishment and early growth of Chaya (Cnidoscolus aconitifolius McVaugh) stem cuttings at Dire Dawa, Eastern Ethiopia
No full textEstablishment of seedling growing method(s) is priority activity to the distribution of newly introduced vegetable crops. Chaya is proposed as candidate vegetable crop to distribute in eastern Ethiopia. However, recommendation is lacking for rooting media and type of cutting to produce seedlings. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess effect of rooting media and number of nodes on rooting, seedling establishment and early growth of chaya at Dire Dawa from February 2018 to July 2018. Three level of rooting media (top soil only, 3:2:1 top soil: farmyard manure: sand, 3:1 top soil: farmyard manure), three levels of node number (2, 3, 4) and two seedling growing methods (seedbed/bare root and polyethylene bag) in factorial combinations were evaluated in completely randomized and randomized complete block designs with three replications for nursery and field experiments, respectively. Seedling growing methods significantly influenced all traits, rooting media, number of nodes and interaction of the main factors had significant effect on percentage of root initiated cuttings. Fresh and dry weight of leaves and roots, dry weight of leaves and root significantly influenced by interaction of the three factors. The seedlings raised on seedbed filled with 3:1 top soil: farmyard manure (91.6%) and stem cuttings with four nodes (92.7%) showed high percentage survival. Generally, either one or more of the three main factors rooting media, number of nodes and seedling growing method or one or more of the possible two and three main factors interactions significantly influenced the seedlings growth and establishment of seedlings at the field. In conclusion, chaya seedlings from cutting responded well to type of rooting media containing top soil: farmyard manure: sand, cutting length with three and four nodes and growing method (seedbed). Therefore, in the study area it could be advised to use combined mixtures of 3:2:1 top soil: farmyard manure: sand and stem cutting with four nodes grown on nursery bed and field establishment.</p
The genetic etiology of critical congenital heart disease
No full textCongenital Heart Disease (CHD) is the most common kind of birth defect. Congenital heart disease is the most common birth defect and the leading cause of death in newborns. The causes of CHD are complicated and involve both genes and the environment. Congenital heart disease includes problems with the septum, the valves, and the outflow tract. Correctional heart surgery and new strategies for managing CHD have massively enhanced life expectancy. 490 percent of CHD newborns who live through their first year will become adults. Studies of the molecular genetics of humans and animal models of development are enhancing our understanding of normal heart development and cardiac diseases. A recent study demonstrates that microRNAs are implicated in congenital heart diseases. Epigenetic variables were eventually revealed to influence heart development. Several genes are responsible for congenital cardiac abnormalities as well as genetic disorders. This paper describes the categorization, environmental, and genetic causes of Coronary Heart Disease (CHD), the role of key CHD-causing genes, and potential options for preventing CHD.</p