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Nanozyme catalytic mimetic effect of iron oxide nanoparticles hybrids with cellulosic matrices and its synergism with microorganisms
No full textIron Oxide Nanoparticles (IONPs) are generally assumed to be biologically inert, presenting chemical stability and low toxicity, and they can be hybridized with cellulosic matrixes aiming for biological applications (e.g. nanozymes). Two hydrothermal coprecipitation methods were applied, aiming to produce 2 different size Iron oxide nanoclusters, using ferric chloride and ferrous chloride, as well as nitrocellulose and cellulosic residues for the hybrids. The obtained materials were tested for catalytic effect in comparison and in synergy with catalase-positive P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, and B. subtilis bacterial strains. The catalytic effect was observed for all obtained materials and microorganisms, Due to the bivalent and trivalent iron molecules distributed along IONP cubic crystalline inverse spinel structures. Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) of IONP-and hybrids was higher in synergy with S. aureus in comparison with the results obtained by the microorganism alone, for instance, the best enzymatic efficiency for O2 release from hydrogen peroxide among the tested microorganisms. However, no significant difference was observed for most of the obtained materials alone. On the other hand, IONPs may help microorganisms as mimetic catalytic enzymes, when applied in synergy whit them. </p
Percutaneous Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) closure: When and how to close Coil VS Occluder “step by step” cases report
No full textBackground: The PDA defines the pathological persistence after the birth of a fetal physiological communication between the aorta and the pulmonary artery frequently encountered in preterm infants and whose clinical and hemodynamic consequences depend on the importance of the shunt directly bound to the diameter of the canal.Percutaneous closure is the most frequent management modality with excellent immediate and long-term results (two modes of closure: using coil or Occluder).The surgery remains reserved for complex anatomies or associated with other surgical congenital anomalies.Case presentation: We detail in this document the two methods of percutaneous closure step by step illustrated by pediatric cases. The first case concerns a 7 years old girl of 17 kg weight with a history of heart murmur that presented in the TTE a PDA estimated at 1mm with LV dilation. The second case concerns a 12 years old girl of 30 kg weight with also a history of heart murmur that presented on TTE a PDA of 4.5mm with LV dilation.Therapeutic intervention: In the first case, we perform a closure with coil 5/5 by a unique femoral arterial approach as a standardized attitude in our center avoiding additional venous access. For the second case, we opted for closure with prosthesis N° 6/8 by a double femoral approach (arterial and venous access).Outcomes: The follow-up was favorable for both patients, with total sealing of the defect immediately after the procedures that persist during the 6 months of control.Conclusion: The closure of PDA in children is a challenging procedure whose safety requires a good pre-and per-procedural evaluation allowing the right choice of the method and size of the closing device.The respect of the different closure stages and the critical per procedural ultrasound and angiographic control reduce the rate of complications making this technique accessible and safe.In our series of 108 PDA closures by Coil in children, the unique femoral arterial approach is the standardized attitude in the first line in all patients avoiding additional venous access, which allows the Coil release in the basic technique while the arterial access allows opacification and measurement of the channel.The unique arterial approach has reduced the risk of local complications at the puncture site and the duration of the procedure without difference in closure efficiency and embolization risk.In our series of 92 PDA closures by Occluder in children the double femoral approach is the standardized attitude for all patients, the venous access allows the device release while the arterial access allows opacification/ measurement of the channel and control device deployment. </p
Current understanding of the cardiotoxicity-related treatment of immune checkpoint inhibitors in breast cancer
No full textImmune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICIs) as the most important and widely used currently, have changed the traditional approach to cancer treatment and significantly improved the prognosis of most patients with advanced malignancies. Breast cancer is the most dangerous threatening tumor to women’s health and life globally, ICIs have shed light on the treatment for refractory breast cancer subtypes, including Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) and trastuzumab resistance of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positives (HER2+). However, immune-related adverse events (irAE) associated with ICIs bring many extra considerations. Among these, potential cardiotoxicity is rarely seen but with the highest fatality rate. In the present review, we introduced the ICIs approved for the treatment of breast cancer and brief guideline for clinical application. Then we briefly summarized ICIs-related cardiotoxicity in breast cancer and mechanism based on immunology and basic medical research. Furthermore, we make a brief summary of the diagnosis methods.</p
<em>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</em>-induced rash and mucositis: A rare extrapulmonary manifestation of <me>mycoplasma pneumoniae</em> infection
No full textMycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) is a common atypical pathogen in humans, causing community-acquired pneumonia. Isolated Mycoplasma pneumoniae cases are commonly seen in the community, but an extrapulmonary manifestation like severe mucositis without skin lesions is rarely seen. The Mycoplasma-Induced Rash and Mucositis (MIRM) or Mycoplasma Pneumoniae-Associated Mucositis (MPAM) is a severe manifestation of an atypical organism. Still, morbidity and mortality are less than Mycoplasma-Associated Steven Johnson’s Syndrome (MASJS) and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN). We reported a case of a young adult admitted with pneumonia and rapidly developed severe mucositis without skin manifestations, which has increased his morbidity and recovery time.</p
Effect of different storage methods on germination and seedling emergence of six pawpaw (Carica Papaya L.) varieties planted in Ogbomoso, Oyo state, Nigeria
No full textPawpaw is known as a fruit that contains nutrients and vitamins ranging from green ripe to over-ripe and unripe fruits of various varieties. The poor and delayed germination, rapid loss of viability in seeds due to the presence of sarcotesta, and condition of storage of seeds could be addressed through the storage in various containers. This paper focused on the investigation of the best storage methods that aid germination, seedling emergence and seedling performance of six pawpaw varieties. The experiment was set up in the Crop and Soil Science Laboratory Department and Nursery Site of the Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso (Oyo-State). It was a 6 x 5 factorial experiment that consisted of 6 varieties of pawpaw; Pink Solo, Green Solo, Ghana Solo, Sunrise Solo, Ajawa Local, and Berry likewise the 5 storage methods are desiccator, refrigerator, plastic container, aluminum foil paper, and earthen pot. Data were collected by counting the number of germinated seeds manually from 4 – 16 days after sowing inside Petri dishes, emergence rate was also counted after seeds have been sown inside polythene bags and nursed for 12 weeks and the number of seeds germinated and seedling emergence was transformed into percentages. Seedling emergence rates were also counted manually and analysed by using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), means were compared using the least significant difference at a 5% probability level. Significant differences were observed among storage methods and pawpaw varieties in germination rate, seedling emergence, and performance. The highest plant height was observed in green solo at 12WAS in the nursery (25.63 cm), the highest stem girth was recorded in Ajawa local 3.86 cm while the highest number of leaves was recorded in sunrise 9.9. The total emergence percentage was recorded in Green Solo at 93.8%. The highest germination percentage was observed in Ghana Solo 59.4%. The highest germination, seedling emergence, plant height, and number of leaves were recorded in the desiccator as 44.96%, 84.4%, 23.32 cm, and 9.38. Ajawa Local and Green Solo are recommended to be kept inside a desiccator or plastic container.</p
Lymphography technique for detecting metastasis in canine malignancies
No full textCancer in animals and human beings spread through both hematogenous and lymphatic routes. While detection of cancer through the hematogenous route is easy delineating the different pathways in lymphatic and lymph nodes involves skill and an advanced imaging system. The present review highlights different techniques for outlining the lymphatic in canine cancer patients. The Sentinel Lymph Node (SLN) is the first or echelon or initial draining node from the primary tumor mass in a regional lymphocentre. Positive (SLN) needs to be evaluated, and surgical planning for its removal along with local tumor control affects the prognosis of any carcinoma or sarcoma. This review discusses different indirect lymphography procedure and their importance to detect the sentinel lymph node in a lymphatic basin both preoperatively and intraoperatively for better surgical assessment of various canine malignancies. </p
Assessment of Root Rot Pathogens of Common Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) and Reaction of Genotypes to the Pathogens in West Hararghe Zone, Ethiopia
No full textCommon bean root rot caused by fungal pathogens is an important disease affecting common bean crops in Ethiopia. Information on pathogen identification, characterization, and management options is lacking for the Ethiopian bean production system. This study aimed to assess the major causal fungal pathogens and their management through host resistance methods. Initially, a field survey was conducted in three districts in 2016. It was cored forty-five (45) common bean fields. In the mean time, disease samples were collected for laboratory analyses. Secondly, pathogen identification and characterization were done in Laboratory at Haramaya University, followed by a pathogenicity test. Thirdly, a genotypic reaction was done on twenty common bean varieties by using four fungal genera (F. oxysporum, S. rolfsii, M. phaseolina, and R. solani) as experimental materials that were arranged in (CRD) design with three replications. Out of forty-five (45) common bean fields assessed 33 farms exhibited the disease. In the pathogenicity test, all the isolates were found pathogenic and showed a significant (p < 0.05) difference. In addition, the analysis of variance also showed that out of the tested twenty varieties, some released varieties (Dandesu, Tinike, SER-125, Dursitu, and Chorie), Chorie and (Dursitu, Chorie, Cranscope, Argene and SAB 632) showed highly significant at (p≤ 0.001) to Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. phaseoli, Sclerotium rolfsii, and Rhizoctonia solani while they didn’t exhibit any significant (p < 0.05) difference to Macrophomina phaseolina. In conclusion, those varieties showing resistance characters were recommended for growers. </p
Molecular dynamics of Triton X surfactant molecules with different PEO chain lengths at the air/water interface
No full textThis paper focuses on the structural properties and interface behavior of TX-5, TX-114, and TX-100 molecules at the air/water interface. The results of the density profile show that the polar O atoms of the three TX molecules are basically located on the water surface, and the whole TX molecule is almost parallel to the water surface. The results of the order parameters show that the order parameters of the three TX molecules on the interface are similar and relatively ordered. The TX-100 molecule has the largest gauche defect value. The hydration number of TX molecules at the interface was similar to that of TX molecules in micelles, and the hydration number of PEO chains showed obvious zigzag changes. The research of this paper provides a reference for the further development of TX series micellar and surfactant molecules in the field of pharmaceutical and daily use.</p
Short implants and tooth-implant connections
No full textBoth short implants (<8mm) and tooth-implant connections are, to say the least, controversial therapeutic means. However, if we take a serious look at the data in the scientific literature, we can observe favorable clinical results in both areas, enabling these therapeutic options to be accepted as Evidence-Based Dentistry. </p
Sexual and reproductive health and infertility
Full text linkInfertility and Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health (ASRH) are significant challenges worldwide, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Teenagers living in urban slums that are quickly developing are frequently disregarded, despite the efforts of international organizations to enhance access to services and information for residents of these areas. It is common for women to blame for infertility, even when their spouse has clinical infertility; this contributes to a bias in the relevant body of research. In order to address these issues, policies on sexual and reproductive health need to be evidence-based, they need to take into account various points of view and they need to combat negative stereotypes and inequities. Comprehensive programs that prepare healthcare providers and non-clinical service providers are crucial. This review highlights the importance of addressing systemic issues, such as gender norms and economic disparities, in promoting sexual and reproductive health care to achieve desired reproductive outcomes.</p