University of Cape Coast Journals
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Optimizing motor skills through classical conditioning theory: Optimizing motor skills through classical conditioning theory
No full textOver the years, experts have sought varied means of enhancing the learning of motor skills and optimizing motor performance. The role of learning theories in the learning of motor skills has been studied. Classical conditioning is a reflexive or automatic type of learning in which a stimulus acquires the capacity to evoke a response that was originally evoked by another stimulus. This study explains the role of classical conditioning on motor learning and performance. Classical conditioning should be applied in the teaching of the practical aspects of physical education to students especially in the early stages of their learning. This would help in motivating them and consequently optimizing their motor skill learning and performance. One must be able to practice and master a task effectively before embarking on another one. This means that a student needs to be able to respond to a particular stimulus (information) before he/she can be associated with a new one. Classical conditioning should be used by Coaches and Sports Psychologists in helping Athletes overcome their fear of failure or opponents. There is the need for more studies on the optimizing of motor outcomes via classical conditioning to be conducted
Assessing the counselling needs of undergraduate students on multiple-site Sandwich programmes of institute of education, University of Cape Coast: Assessing the counselling needs of undergraduate students on multiple-site Sandwich programmes of institute of education, University of Cape Coast
No full textThe study assessed the counselling needs of students on sandwich programmes of the Institute of Education, University of Cape Coast. Two research questions and four hypotheses were answered and tested respectively. A descriptive study in which 207 respondents were selected from four sandwich centres of the Institute of Education, using various sampling techniques and procedures. The Counselling Needs Inventory designed by the investigators were used to collect data. The predominant counselling need of the students was “I need help on how to get along with extrovert spouse”, whilst a majority of them preferred to talk to a counsellor. Statistically significant differences were found to exist between counselling needs by gender, and age with regards to their psychological needs. No statistically significant differences were found among the ages of the respondents and counselling needs such as Financial needs, Marital needs and Educational needs, and among marital status and number of years taught by the respondents and their counselling needs. It was therefore concluded that sandwich students of the Institute of Education, University of Cape have counselling needs. Among recommendations were that authorities/agencies should ensure that professional counselling services are rendered by universities that run programmes in the non-conventional mode. Implications of the study for counselling included the fact that professional counsellors should be attached to multiple sites of sandwich programmes. Again, students on sandwich programmes should be offered similar counselling services as those in the conventional mode
Sources of stress and management strategies among ministers in the Cape Coast Metropolis: implications for counselling and gospel ministry: Sources of stress and management strategies among ministers in the Cape Coast Metropolis: implications for counselling and gospel ministry
No full textStress can be destructive if not well managed. It also has a direct bearing on the individual’s performance at work and productivity. The main purpose of the study was to investigate the sources of stress and management strategies that are common to ministers of the gospel. A descriptive research design was used for this study. A total of 250 ministers of the gospel serving in the Orthodox, Pentecostal and Charismatic churches in the Cape Coast Metropolis in the Central Region of Ghana were sampled for the study. Mean scores, standard deviations and rank order were used to analyse the data collected from the study. The most predominant source of stress among ministers of the gospel was “Inadequate financial support from the congregation.” The second was “Organising church programmes.” In the 3rd place was “Not getting support from church leaders.” The most important stress management strategy was “Delegating duties to others”. It was recommended that the general working conditions of ministers of the gospel should be improved by church governing councils. The implications of the findings for counselling and the church were also highlighted
Body composition of Kwara state basketball players - implications for peak performance: Body composition of Kwara state basketball players - implications for peak performance
No full textThis study was carried out to evaluate the body composition of Basketball players in Kwara State, Nigeria. Physical characteristics of age, height and weight, the percentage body fat, fat mass, fat free mass and muscle mass were measured using standardized methods. Purposive sampling technique was used to select the participants made up of twelve (12) junior and fifteen (15) senior male basketball players. Portable Bathroom-type Hanson, scale (model B1801) was used to measure weight in kilogrammes, Holtain Stadiometre for height in centimetres and Slim-guide Skinfold callipers (model MI 48170, U.S.A). One-way ANOVA was used to analyse the difference in physical characteristics of the participants; t-test was used to determine difference in the body composition of the senior and junior basketball players. Significant difference was found in the body composition. The senior team had significantly higher fat free muscle mass and less fat and percentage body fat (4.69) that was too low for continuous vigorous intensity workout. However, there were no significant differences in the fat mass and fat free mass; while significant difference was found in percent body fat, BMI and muscle mass of both the senior and junior teams. This implies that the senior team has better musculature than the junior team. It was concluded that there is need for nutritional intervention and carbohydrate loading prior to performance to meet up the energy demand for daily training programme and during performance in order to improve performance ability of the senior basketball players
Comparative analysis of question formation in Olùkùmi and standard Yorùbá: a minimalist approach: Comparative analysis of question formation in Olùkùmi and standard Yorùbá: a minimalist approach
No full textThe objective of this paper is to carry out a survey of the question formation processes in Olùkùmi and Standard Yorùbá. Our primary aim is to identify the clause structure in each of the two languages, study how questions are formed in the two languages, and identify the types of questions used in the two languages. Frame technique method was adopted for our data collection. The claim that the two languages originated from the same source was also confirmed. The theoretical framework adopted for this work is the Minimalist Program. It was chosen to test the relevance of its claims to African language data
The dilemma on the policy of classroom teacher as against subject teachers, teaching in primary schools in Ghana: the way forward for physical education as a core subject: The dilemma on the policy of classroom teacher as against subject teachers, teaching in primary schools in Ghana: the way forward for physical education as a core subject
No full textTeachers who are employed to teach in the basic schools in Ghana, either ply their trade in the primary schools or the junior high schools (JHS). The primary classes comprise of classes 1-6, and the junior high schools are made up of JHS 1-3. The primary school teachers are termed as “classroom teachers”, because a teacher is allotted a particular class and he or she is responsible for teaching all the subjects on the time table to the pupils throughout the duration the class is assigned to that teacher. In the case of JHS teachers, they are termed subject teachers because they don’t have permanent classes they stick to throughout the year, but rather move from class to class, teaching their specialized subjects to various classes and levels in the school. The writer’s concern in this paper is whether pupils in the primary schools are better off with the classroom teacher policy, or assigning them with subject teachers will be an improvement on the current policy of the Ghana Education Service. Considering the kind of training student-teachers receive during their formation periods in the Colleges of Education, are they better off with the current policy, or will be better off with the subject teaching option. Dose the curricula of Physical Education in particular and other core subjects in general in their present form at the colleges of education, favour the classroom arrangement over the subject teacher option after completion of the training of the newly trained teacher? The advantages and disadvantages of the two polices is discussed in this paper.. The way forward on the issue under discussion so far as Physical Education as a subject is concerned is also assessed in this paper. The interdisciplinary approach of learning is also discussed as one of the ways forward in addressing the classroom/subject teacher dilemma
Socio-cultural factors: a missing variable in mathematics pedagogy in Ghana: Socio-cultural factors: a missing variable in mathematics pedagogy in Ghana
No full textThis study draws on theories relating to the local aspects of mathematical knowledge and to mathematics pedagogy to explore how the teaching and learning activities carried out in mathematics classrooms in Ghana deal with these aspects. It focussed on the teaching of measurement of money at the primary school level. The primary school level was considered in this study because it is during this period of time that pupils develop the foundation for learning mathematics at higher grade levels. The current Ghanaian primary school mathematics curriculum, three of the popular primary school mathematics textbooks, and lessons from two experienced primary school teachers constituted the main sources of data for the study. The data collected were analysed qualitatively and presented as narrative description with some illustrative examples. The study revealed amongst others that the approaches used by teachers in the lessons observed reflected those suggested in mathematics curriculum and the textbooks, and these approaches pay very little attention to the social and cultural contexts of the pupils. By way of recommendation the authors provide an alternative approach to the teaching of measurement of money in context, based on a three-tier teaching strategy
Knowledge of the perceived influence of nutritional supplements on sexual performance of male undergraduates in university of Ilorin, Nigeria: Knowledge of the perceived influence of nutritional supplements on sexual performance of male undergraduates in university of Ilorin, Nigeria
No full textThis study investigated on Knowledge of the perceived influence of food supplements on sexual performance of male Undergraduates in University of Ilorin. Nutritional supplements are products intended to make up for a poor diet or to support our health in the same way that nutritious food will perform. This study investigated (i) influence of ginger as a nutritional supplement on sexual performance among male Undergraduates, University of Ilorin (ii) influence of watermelon as a nutritional supplement on sexual performance among male Undergraduates, University of Ilorin (iii) influence of banana as nutritional supplement on sexual performance among male Undergraduates, University of Ilorin. A descriptive research design of survey type was employed for this study. The population consists of all male undergraduates in University of Ilorin. A multistage sampling technique was used for the study. Simple random sampling technique was used to select four hundred and twenty seven (427) respondents for the study. Researcher’s designed structured questionnaire which was validated by four experts from the Department of Health Promotion and Environmental Health Education; University of Ilorin was used for data collection. A correlation co-efficient of .82r was obtained through test retest method using Pearson Product Moment Correlation .Data collection was conducted by the researcher and four trained research assistants. The three postulated null hypotheses were tested using the inferential statistics of chi-square @0.05 alpha level. The findings from this study reveal that; ginger as a nutritional supplement significantly influences sexual performance of male undergraduate with the calculated chi-square (ᵪ2) value of 311.010 is greater than the table chi-square (ᵪ2) value of 16.92 at the freedom (df) 9 @ 0.05 alpha level; Watermelon as a nutritional supplement significantly influences sexual performance of male undergraduate with the calculated chi-square (ᵪ2) value of 543.013 is greater than the table chi-square (ᵪ2) value of 21.03 at the freedom (df) 12 @ 0.05 alpha level and Banana as a nutritional supplement significantly influences sexual performance of male undergraduate in University of Ilorin with the calculated chi-square (ᵪ2) value of 629.021 is greater than the table chi-square (ᵪ2) value of 25.00 at the freedom (df) 15 @ 0.05 alpha level. Based on the findings of the study, it was concluded that ginger, watermelon and banana as a nutritional supplement influenced sexual performance among undergraduates, University of Ilorin. Therefore, it was recommended that male undergraduate students should be encouraged on the consumption of ginger which will serve a body building stimulant and increases the production of sperm motility, regular intake of watermelon which serves as hormone regulator and inhibitor to sexual performance should be taking more often among male undergraduate and knowledge of the consumption of banana intake as a treatment of intestinal disorders and erectile dysfunction should be intensified among male undergraduate students
Moderating role of teachers’ demographic variables on attitudes and technology Usage in predicting successful inclusive education in Ghana: Moderating role of teachers’ demographic variables on attitudes and technology Usage in predicting successful inclusive education in Ghana
No full textThe purpose of this study was to explore the moderating role of teachers’ demographic characteristics on the attitude and technology usage in predicting successful inclusive education. Using a cross-sectional survey, 124 participants were randomly selected from 15 inclusive schools in the southern part of Ghana. The research instrument was an adapted questionnaire used in previous researches. A conceptual model was constructed and the Partial Least Square (PLS) Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) statistical approach in data analysis was utilized to test the model for the path coefficient results. The results indicated that teachers’ gender, age, experience and qualification did not significantly moderate the teachers’ attitude and technology usage in the prediction of successful inclusive education. It was recommended that teachers require a change of attitude through re-orientation, awareness creation, and active information dissemination through workshops, forums, seminars, television and radio programmes. The Government acting through the MOE, the GES and NGOs should make the provision of equipment to the schools a top priority. Equipment such as computers and their accessories should be supplied to the schools
Impediments to effective implementation of sports policy in Nigeria schools: Impediments to effective implementation of sports policy in Nigeria schools
No full textA policy remains a mere intention if it is not implemented. Non-implementation policy is a serious problem in Nigeria. There is always a wide gap between policy formulation and policy implementation in Nigeria. What is written is not always what is practiced. This paper presents a theoretical review of barriers to effective implementation of sports policies in schools. This paper looked at1989 and 2009 Nigeria Sports Policy as they affect schools’ sports. It observed that the laudable policies have not been effectively implemented because of some government and institutional factors which reduce government policy on sport to a mere paper work. Some impediments to sports and physical education policy implementation in schools in Nigeria were examined. Some of the barriers highlighted in the paper included lack of collaboration between Ministry of sports and Ministry of Education; corruption, treatment of sport as a marginal programme in the school curriculum and many others. The paper recommended adequate funding of schools sports and suggested the need for effective collaboration between Ministries of Education and Sports at Federal and State levels