1578 research outputs found
Sort by
The Reproduction of Social Stratification during the Change of Occupational Structure : The Increase of Non-Regular Workers and the Inequality of Opportunity
Get PDF従来標準的に用いられてきたSSM 職業大分類（SSM8分類）における階層の世代間移動をみると、2015年には階層の再生産が弱まっていることが見て取れる。だがそこから即座に、職業階層の世代間移動における「機会の平等化」が進んだということはできない。職業構造や人びとの価値観の変化の中で、新たな階層性の軸が重要になっている可能性があるからだ。そこで本稿では、近年の職業構造の変化である「非正規雇用の拡大」に着目し、非正規雇用が基本的に低階層に位置づけられることを確認したうえで、非正規雇用に到達する機会に出身階層間の格差が生じている可能性を検討する。SSM調査データを用いて分析すると、1995年から2005年にかけては出身階層を問わず非正規雇用への到達率が上昇したのに対し、2005年から2015年にかけては出身階層によって顕著な格差が生じていたことが分かった。とくに上層ホワイトカラーと農業層では2005年以降ほとんど非正規雇用到達率が上昇しなかった一方、下層ブルーカラーではさらに大幅に到達率が高まるという新たな機会の不平等が明らかになった。本稿の分析結果からは、職業構造や価値観が変化するなかで、従来の職業分類でみた階層の再生産が弱まったとしても、階層の「上／下」や「有利／不利」がこれまでとは異なる軸に移行して新たな機会の不平等が生じたり、親子で異なる軸であっても「低階層からは低階層へ、高階層からは高階層へ」という「階層性の再生産」が維持されていく可能性があることが示されている。departmental bulletin pape
Study on Comparison of Criminal Law and Administrative Law in Chinese Statute of Limitations
Get PDFThe statute of limitations system should be the criminal law system inherently. However, in China, the administrative law also has a prescribed statute of limitations. This paper will conduct comparative study to clarify how the prescribed statute of limitations of criminal laws and administrative laws in China differ and which are the same. Specifically, this paper compares these two articles, history, the criteria for completion of the statute of limitations and the reasons for legislation, and concludes. In the conclusion of this paper, the administrative penalty is in the same line in China, although the grade is lower than the penalty, if there is a prosecution aging system in the criminal law, naturally the administrative law also has a prosecution aging system, both In fact, it states that it is basically an aged prescription system.departmental bulletin pape
Distribution of Social Support Networks and Sense of Security in Hachioji, Tokyo, 2017
Get PDFIn recent years, Japanese society has repeatedly experienced serious deprivations caused by natural disasters or socioeconomic inequalities. This has made people realize the importance of social support networks as a form of safety net in their lives. The purpose of this paper is to describe the determinants of people’s sense of security and the distribution of social support networks as well as to examine the relationship between social support networks and people’s sense of security in Hachioji city, Tokyo in 2017. In order to achieve this, a randomized sample survey was carried out in Hachioji city (Security and Support Network Survey 2017, SSNS2017). Statistical analyses using the data from SSNS2017 (N = 1608) led to the following results. First, being female, younger in age, employed, and having a higher household income were found to be positively associated with a greater size and diversity of social support networks. Second, social support networks, being male, and having a higher household income were found to improve people’s sense of security in various areas of their daily life. Finally, the majority of these findings were similar to those found in the SSNS2013 (N = 1163). These results suggest that while social support networks can work as effective safety nets to protect people against poverty or social exclusion, disadvantaged people who tend to have less ties with supportive others may therefore not benefit from these protective buffers.departmental bulletin pape
A Century of “Introduction to English Linguistics” : What was Taught and Learned
Get PDFdepartmental bulletin pape
Improvements in Security and Code Migration Related Core System Functionality for Mobile Agent System AgentSphere
Get PDFWe at the software laboratory at Seikei University are developing a platform that enables parallel and distributed processing in an autonomous manner. This platform is called AgentSphere and one of its main traits is a strong code migration which henceforth shall be referred to as "Strong Migration". Through this migration, autonomous code which is referred to as "Agent" migrate between the platform while retaining its previous run state. In this paper, we talk about two main improvements to this system. First, the current serialization was using unoptimized java serialization which was slow and had overhead. We solve this problem by implementing a customizable serializer which serializes in Json format and is much faster than the default one. Second, we close off security gaps created by the unorthodox usage of our Strong Migration which accepts unknown classes and deserializes them inside the runtime.departmental bulletin pape
A Solution to the Inverse Ising Problem in Tree-reweighted Approximation
Get PDFTo develop an efficient and accurate method for learning in the Ising model, we apply the tree-reweighted approximation to compute the partition function. Using the tree-reweighted approximation, we can optimize the rigorous lower bound of the exact objective function. By solving the moment-matching and self-consistency conditions analytically, we can derive the interaction matrix as a function of the given data statistics. With this solution, we can obtain the optimal interaction matrix without iterative computation. To evaluate the accuracy of the proposed inverse formula, we compared our results to those obtained by existing inverse formulae obtained by other approximations. In an experiment to reconstruct the interaction matrix, we found that the proposed formula returns the best estimates in strongly-attractive regions for various graph structures.departmental bulletin pape
