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Radical Alienness in the Everyday Life-World : A Phenomenological Sociology of the COVID-19 Crisis
Get PDF本稿は「COVID-19パンデミック下の日常生活において日常性とは何を意味するのか」という問いに現象学的社会学の立場からアプローチする理論的研究である。現象学的社会学の利点は、COVID-19を人々が経験する社会的現実として記述できること、COVID-19危機を意味という観点から記述できることである。本稿はまず、日本のコロナ第１波前後の状況を取り上げ、アルフレッド・シュッツの枠組みによってこれを記述することを試みている。さらに本稿は、日常生活の再ルーティン化後においても依然として馴致されざる不透明性が残っていることを指摘しつつ、この状況をシュッツの枠組みでは十分に記述できないと論じる。そこで本稿は、シュッツの枠組みを補完するため、ベルンハルト・ヴァルデンフェルスの「ラディカルな異他性」という概念を導入する。「日常的・ノーマルな異他性」や「構造的な異他性」と区別される「ラディカルな異他性」は、「既存の意味地平を超え出るような限界現象」として定義される。この概念は、いまだ医学的な処方知が完全には確立されていない新型コロナウィルスの特徴を捉えている。さらに本稿では「夜の街」バッシングを取り上げ、これが「日常生活世界におけるラディカルな異他性の外部化」として解釈できることを示している。COVID-19パンデミック下の「日常性」とは、再ルーティン化によって「いつも通り」の思考と行為が可能になっていることと、ラディカルな異他性（馴致されざる不透明性）が顕在化していないことという二重の意味を含んでいる。2021年末現在の日本の状況は、前者の意味では「日常」であると言えるが、後者の意味では「日常」とは言えないのである。departmental bulletin pape
Okinawa as an International Being and the US Military Site
Get PDFSince 1609, the peoples of Okinawa had not maintained the status of independent state. They had been ruled and infiltrated successively by the domain of Satsuma, the Government of Japan and the US occupation force. However, they had never been totally dissolved into the influence of foreign powers. They had often acted on their political initiative and sometimes raised the international issues. While they have not a sovereign power, they still maintain a power to articulate themselves as an international being throughout modern history. Students on international relations have predisposition to presuppose that sovereign states are the exclusive actors of international relations. But if you focus upon Okinawa or Palestine, the supposition of sovereignty puts you in trouble, because in this framework, you could not find the proper ways how to approach the actions of those supposed to be “none-actors”. Therefore I propose an alternative framework of “international being” to that of sovereign state. “International being” can be defined as follows. ① Proper names; it has more than two place-names such as “Okinawa” and “Ryukyu”. ② Borderline; the territory have indefinable borderlines which divides ambiguously between inside and outside. ③ Freedom of expression; its population may be free culturally and linguistically to express themselves. ④ Lack of impermeability; it has been constantly infiltrated by foreign powers sometimes with the military occupation. ⑤ Forced change of its regimes: foreign powers established its political regimes and they either expanded or contracted its administrative areas. ⑥ Expressive form: whenever it experienced forced changes, it invented the new mode of expression as a political being by which it commanded the recognition of foreign powers. ⑦ Sense of commonality; the sense of commonality among its population was strong enough to survive beyond the successive changes.departmental bulletin pape
National Government Responses to the COVID-19 Pandemic : An Exploration of Policies, Factors, and Lessons (to be) Learned
Get PDFThis article presents an overview and analysis of key aspects of the policy responses that governments around the world designed and implemented to cope with the COVID-19 pandemic. The article shows the complexities of government action in times of uncertainty, as policymakers had to face an unknown and unfolding crisis for which a priori there were no clearly effective tools. It also describes that, despite facing a common virus and associated challenges in health, economic, education, mobility and many other policy sectors, national governments followed a variety of policy paths. The article provides a discussion of factors that seem to have influenced policymakers’ decisions for choosing different policy mixes. The article is based on a review of the already extensive and continuously growing literature on policy responses to the pandemic in the Public Policy and Administration fields. While the objective is not to develop a “meta-analysis” or a “systematic literature review”, the paper does cover central topics which have been widely discussed in the literature. The article provides a brief account of how the pandemic came about; a discussion about the differences in national governments’ policy mixes; an analysis of the most important factors which may help to understand why, despite facing the same complex problem (or set of problems), governments around the world implemented different responses; and a few key lessons that governments could take into account to learn from these terrible years.departmental bulletin pape
The Gender Admissions in Tokyo Metropolitan High Schools and Introduction of Coeducation in Tokyo Metropolitan Hibiya High School
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Chemical compositions of magnetite from the Tengumori ore deposit, the Kamaishi Mine, Iwate Prefecture, Japan
Get PDFThe microstructure and chemical composition of magnetite from the Tengumori ore deposit in Kamaishi Mine were investigated. The magnetite from the Tengumori ore deposit is silician and has a structure that partially has an exsolution texture. The estimated temperature of crystallization of magnetite is in the range of 660-400℃ using the magnetite geothermometer. This temperature range is 200-100°C higher than that obtained from thermochemical analysis about skarn mineral assemblage. In the Kamaishi Mine, the crystallization temperature of magnetite from the Tengumori ore deposit is similar to that of the Sahinai ore deposit and higher than that of the Shinyama ore deposit. This trend is different from the conventional one of the formation temperatures of the skarn minerals in the Kamaishi Mine.departmental bulletin pape
Question Generation based on Knowledge Graph and Utterance Semantic Content Prediction in Dialogue Systems : Towards Interviewing Dialogue Systems for Modeling Users’ Food Preferences
Get PDF成蹊大学博士（理工学）doctoral thesi
“Historical State” of Russian Rresident Putin and Invasion into Ukraine
Get PDFNot only the internationally recognized border between the Russian Federation and Ukraine but also the existence of both of them as independent and sovereign states is based on the December 1991 agreement, in which then 11 soviet republics guaranteed mutual respect of the others’ independence and territorial integrity. However, before the Russian invasion of Ukraine was launched, approximately 30 years later on February 24, 2022, the Russian president Vladimir Putin began to clearly and publicly deny the historical basis of Ukraine as sovereign country. It was the most serious consequence of his long-time domestic strategy to mobilize Russian people to support his regime by creating a sense of national identity based on people’s memory that Russia has been a great power for centuries. This paper is to review Putin’s various statements since Russian full-scale invasion started and discuss how he has been using his historical view and the issue of national identity, which Russian people had once lost after the collapse of the Soviet Union, as a political tool to sustain his power.departmental bulletin pape
Interview Research on Bangladeshi Nationals in Japan : An Investigation on Gap between “Dream” and “Reality”
Get PDFObjective of the research is to investigate the goals and dreams of Bangladeshi nationals to come to Japan. To investigate of their self-evaluation on their achievements and challenges in Japan is another major objective of this research. An interview survey was carried out on 11 Bangladeshi nationals who have been living in Japan for more than 10 to 20 years. Most of the respondents have long life experience in Japan and engaged in various social activities among the Bangladeshi nationals in Japan. In the interview how the Japan life make an impact on their lifestyle and future plan has been thoroughly investigated. All interviews were recorded in an IC recorder and analyzed by using content analysis. It has been revealed that main objective of coming to Japan is to have a financially secured life. Data shows that in most of the cases, respondents are satisfied with their job and income, as well as their support to the family and relatives who live in Bangladesh. On the other hand, it has also been found that they feel insecurity regarding their future life, particularly about the future of their children and some other religious matters. The findings of this research will provide a guideline for not only those who have been living in Japan but also to the young Japanese language learners who are planning to go to Japan as well as the foreign language education policy makers of Bangladesh.departmental bulletin pape