VGTU Journals (Vilnius Gediminas Technical University - Vilnius Tech)
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Simulation of flood-prone areas using machine learning and GIS techniques in Samangan Province, Afghanistan
No full textFlood events are the most sophisticated and damaging natural hazard compared to other natural catastrophes. Every year, this hazard causes human-financial losses and damage to croplands in different locations worldwide. This research employs a combination of artificial neural networks and geographic information systems (GIS) to simulate flood-vulnerable locations in the Samangan Province of Afghanistan. First, flood-influencing factors, such as soil, slope layer, elevation, flow direction, and land use/cover, were evaluated as influential factors in simulating flood-prone areas. These factors were imported into GIS software. The Fishnet command was used to partition the information layers. Furthermore, each layer was converted into points, and this data was fed into the perceptron neural network along with the educational data obtained from Google Earth. In the perceptron neural network, the input layers have five neurons and 16 nodes, and the outputs showed that elevation had the lowest possible weight (R2 = 0.713) and flow direction had the highest weight (R2 = 0.913). This study demonstrated that combining GIS and artificial neural networks results in acceptable performance for simulating and modeling flood susceptible areas in different geographical locations and significantly helps prevent or reduce flood hazards
Designcommunication – a facilitator of creativity for all
No full textOur goal is to introduce the term designcommunication written in one word, a creative, academically based design approach combining theory and practical experience as good as possible in various application settings, be it education, scientific research, concept, product or system development. Designcommunication provides a highly flexible framework and a sound methodological base beyond the familiar. Designcommunication, in other words, creating a connection as designing, is an approach that uses a holistic triple relation framework of opposing dimensions: material–immaterial, permanent–variable and survival–subsistence–development relations. This framework of relations is available and possibly applicable to anyone regardless of level and area of education. Introducing such a design approach to education opens new horizons of creative cooperation, as designcommunication facilitates the development of creativity, collaboration and communication as increasingly valued soft skills
Conceptual problems with disembodied cognition in learning environment(s) and the alternative of embodied creativity
No full textThe article is motivated by today’s practical realities and theoretical transformations that have affected education on a major scale. The shift from in-person to online classrooms at the beginning of the pandemic brought forward a series of issues related to embodied conditioning for creative strategies in the learning process. After presenting the shortcomings of the disembodied approach to education, we emphasize the role of the embodied (somatic, motoric, affective) aspects of education and discuss the embodied skills of creativity in a variety of learning environments. While so called embodied creativity became a fast-developing field due to mostly quantitative experiments in teaching-learning environments, it still lacks some conceptual clarification, especially in relation to its genesis in the paradigm of embodied cognition. Hence the main goal of this conceptual article is to extend, through the method of theory adaptation, the existing body of research on embodied cognition in academic environments to show how the embodied teaching and learning paradigm presents embodied creativity methods as an alternative to the disembodied approach to education and how technological environments provide an opportunity for such purposes
Does the adoption of extensible business reporting language impact the quality of financial reporting? The mediating role of the e-disclosure system
No full textThe study aimed to demonstrate the mediating role of the e-disclosure system (E-DS) in the relationship between the extensible business reporting language (XBRL) and the quality of financial reporting (FRQ), for the Jordanian companies listed at the Amman Stock Exchange (ASE). This study uses AMOS to perform structural equation modelling to analyze the data; survey data was gathered from 284 respondents working across various industries and sectors listed at the ASE; 229 usable responses were received. This study finds that XBRL is positively associated with the FRQ. Further, it is found that E-DS positively influences FRQ and plays a mediating role in the connection between XBRL and FRQ. The results of this study are expected to be of high quality regarding the preparation and presentation of financial statements by XBRL. Also, the study’s findings make original contributions to developing countries other than Jordan, which are expected to benefit
Materiality and stakeholder engagement in sustainability reporting: does it matter?
No full textMateriality analysis and stakeholder engagement are crucial processes in sustainability reports which aim to identify material issues and prioritize them based on stakeholder interests. Subjectivity in the process of determining materiality and stakeholder engagement can affect the quality of sustainability reports because management can determine the information to be published and eliminate negative information related to sustainability. This research aims to investigate the influence of board of directors’ activity, presence of independence commissioners, company financial performance, and size on materiality disclosure and stakeholder engagement in mining companies in Indonesia. Content analysis and multiple regression analysis were carried out on 70 sustainability reports. The research results show that the involvement of the board of directors and the quantity of board members have a positive and significant effect, while the presence of independence commissioners and company size do not have a significant effect on materiality and stakeholder disclosure. It is noteworthy that disclosing materiality in sustainability reports is a crucial aspect of business practices, irrespective of the company’s financial status or size. This research contributes to the disclosure of materiality and stakeholder involvement in the reporting of companies operating in Indonesia from the perspective of stakeholder theory and legitimacy theory
Measuring sustainability in supply chain management in construction companies
No full textThis paper provides an analysis of the most important sustainability indicators for SSCM in construction and gives a detailed overview of what has been scientifically accomplished in the field to date, and identifies areas for further research. The most important sustainability indicators were also grouped and presented in the literature review into the main seven assessment groups of the SSCM construction industry and ranked by experts from Northern Italy and Lithuania in several different ways. Based on the data from the Table 3, it can be inferred that a harmonious work environment among ecological sustainability indicators appeared as the most crucial indicator for respondents. Environmental education was among the most important social indicators. In the legal group, work efficiency emerged as the most significant indicator, while in the physical group, sustainable resource use was crucial. In the political realm, economic and political stability was the most important, and among technological indicators, innovation stood out. Among economic indicators, profit was the most significant sustainability indicator for respondents. A general indicator importance method combined results obtained from expert surveys using various methods. The ranking of sustainability indicators in each group was not included in the calculation of the overall indicator importance, but the results were similar in both cases. The determined importance of indicator values could be adapted for further analysis, specifically for multicriteria evaluation, as per the conceptual model shown in Figure 1. This article provides members of the construction industry with detailed calculations and results of the evaluation of key sustainability indicators related to supply chain groups. This study explores several possible ways to measure the importance of sustainability indicators, which could provide further theoretical insights into SSCM in the construction industry and help develop an accurate sustainability index model.
Article in Lithuanian.
Tiekimo grandinės valdymo statybos įmonėse tvarumo matavimas
Santrauka
Šiais laikais mokslininkai vis dažniau atsižvelgia į tvarumo aspektą statybų sektoriuje. Siekdami pabrėžti augančią tvarumo sampratos svarbą bendrojoje darbo kultūroje, statybų įmonių vadovai turėtų atlikti tvariojo tiekimo grandinės valdymo vertinimą ir diegti tvarumui matuoti skirtą indeksą. Tvarumo vertinimas statybos tiekimo grandinės valdymo procese (TGV) dažniausiai atliekamas atsižvelgiant į ekonominius, fizinius, socialinius ir geografinius rodiklius, Brundtlando konvencijos nutarimu geriau žinomus kaip TBL (angl. Triple Bottom Line).Atlikus išplėstinę akademinės literatūros analizę, pasikonsultavus su darniosios statybos pramonės ekspertais buvo apžvelgta esama tiekimo grandinės (TG) tvarumo vertinimo situacija statybų sektoriuje. Straipsnyje pateikti tyrimai, skirti nagrinėti tvariosios tiekimo grandinės valdymą (TTGV) statybų sektoriuje iš holistinės perspektyvos, daugiausia dėmesio skiriant tvarumo matavimo svarbai statybos srityje. Antroje straipsnio dalyje buvo pristatyti apklausos metu gauti respondentų rezultatai vertinant tvarumo rodiklius statybų sektoriuje skirtingais metodais. Šiame darbe pateikiamas autorės sudarytas tvarumo rodiklių sąrašas, skirtas statybos bendrovių tiekimo grandinėms nagrinėti. Šie tvarumo rodikliai buvo suskirstyti į kategorijas, priskirti vienai ar porai tvarumo grupių, peržiūrint jų naudojimą ankstesnėje literatūroje. Atlikus išplėstinę 30 respondentų iš Lietuvos ir Šiaurės Italijos statybos sektoriaus profesionalų apklausą buvo sudaryti tvarumo rodiklių vertinimo sąrašai, kuriuose tvarumo rodikliai statybų sektoriuje pagal svarbą buvo įvertinti keliais skirtingais būdais. Šie rodikliai apima TTGV statybos įmonėse taikymo principus. Galiausiai, siekiant kiekybiškai įvertinti tvarumo rodiklius, įvertinti jų efektyvumą ir klasifikaciją, buvo pristatytas svarbiausių tvarumo rodiklių sąrašas. Rodiklių svarbos nustatymas gali padėti akademikams tvarumo rodiklių matavimo indekso kūrimo procese, prisidėti prie tvariosios politikos formavimo ir pagerinti statybos sektoriaus bendrovių strategijas. Šio straipsnio autorės pasiūlyta statybos įmonių TGV tvarumo vertinimo ir matavimo sistema gali būti plėtojama svarbiausių TTGV rodiklių statybai vertinti ir geriausiam statybos įmonių tiekėjui parinkti, taip pat naudojama sprendžiant daugiakriterio vertinimo problemas. Šio tyrimo tikslas – įvertinti TTGV rodiklių reikšmę statybos pramonėje ir nustatyti, kuri tvarumo vertinimo sistema yra optimali tvariajai statybai patikimumo, sąnaudų mažinimo ir ilgaamžiškumo principų požiūriu. Šie komponentai yra vieni sudėtingiausių statybos inžinerijos ir valdymo uždavinių.
Reikšminiai žodžiai: statybos pramonė, tvarumo rodiklis, statybos tiekimo grandinė, tvarumo matavimas, tvariosios tiekimo grandinės valdymas
Application of permeable asphalt pavement construction in traffic areas
No full textLithuania’s total road network consists of more than 84000 km of roads, of which more than 21000 km are national roads. Roads of national importance are managed by the Lithuanian Road Administration. The remaining roads are classified as local roads managed by local governments. Road installation and maintenance often lead to the problem of surface water drainage and accumulation on the road surface. The aim of this study is to identify and propose the most appropriate permeable asphalt pavement construction to solve this problem, taking into account the purpose of the application and the class of pavement structure. The scope of the study identifies three recommended permeable asphalt pavement designs for the installation of DK 0.1-DK 1 pavement structures in ancillary streets, parking and recreation areas where light vehicle traffic with occasional heavy vehicle traffic. It has also been found that in areas of high traffic intensity, it is appropriate to use an alternative to permeable pavements – a permeable pavement design for the shoulder, where the roadway structure is impermeable to water and the shoulders are permeable to water (a permeable pavement structure is installed). The recommended permeable asphalt pavement structures, when properly selected, reduce the risk of flooding on the roadway.
Article in Lithuanian.
Vandeniui pralaidžių asfalto dangos konstrukcijų taikymas transporto eismo zonoms
Santrauka
Bendrą Lietuvos kelių tinklą sudaro daugiau kaip 84 tūkst. km kelių, iš kurių daugiau kaip 21 tūkst. km yra valstybinės reikšmės keliai. Valstybinės reikšmės kelius patikėjimo teise valdo akcinė bendrovė „Via Lietuva“. Likę keliai priskiriami vietinės reikšmės keliams, kuriuos valdo savivaldos. Įrengiant ir prižiūrint kelius dažnai susiduriama su paviršinių nuotekų nuleidimo ir kaupimosi važiuojamojoje dalyje problema. Šiuo tyrimu siekiama nustatyti ir pasiūlyti šiai problemai spręsti tinkamiausias vandeniui pralaidžias asfalto dangos konstrukcijas atsižvelgiant į taikymo paskirtį ir dangos konstrukcijos klasę. Tyrime nustatytos trys rekomenduojamos vandeniui pralaidžios asfalto dangos konstrukcijos, taikytinos įrengiant DK 0,1–DK 1 klasės dangos konstrukcijas pagalbinėse gatvėse, automobilių stovėjimo ir poilsio aikštelėse, kuriose vyrauja lengvųjų transporto priemonių eismas esant pavieniam sunkiasvorio transporto važiavimui. Taip pat nustatyta, jog didelio eismo intensyvumo vietovėse tikslinga taikyti vandeniui pralaidžioms dangoms alternatyvų sprendinį – vandeniui pralaidžios dangos konstrukcijos kelkraštį, kai važiuojamosios dangos konstrukcija yra nelaidi vandeniui, o kelkraščiai – pralaidūs vandeniui (įrengiama vandeniui pralaidi dangos konstrukcija). Tinkamai pasirinktos rekomenduojamos vandeniui pralaidžios asfalto dangų konstrukcijos sumažina važiuojamosios dalies užtvindymo riziką.
Reikšminiai žodžiai: vandeniui pralaidi dangos konstrukcija, asfalto danga, poringasis asfaltas, pralaidumas vandeniui
Life cycle assessment of a condensing gas boiler and compare with an air source heat pump in a residential building
No full textThis study presents a comprehensive life cycle assessment (LCA) comparing the environmental impact of a Condensing Gas Boiler (CGB) and an Air Source Heat Pump (ASHP) within the context of a residential building. As the demand for sustainable and energy-efficient heating solutions rises, evaluating the environmental performance of these technologies becomes crucial for informed decision-making. The assessment encompasses the entire life cycle of both heating systems, including raw materials, production, transportation, installation, operation, and with deep focus on end-of-life disposal through recycling, landfill, and incineration. The environmental indicators considered in the analysis include greenhouse gas emissions, energy consumption, and other relevant impact categories. This study has been conducted using SimaPro 9.4.0 program database with IMPACT 2002+ method and findings from this research aim to guide homeowners, policymakers, and industry stakeholders in making informed decisions regarding the adoption of heating technologies in residential buildings. By shedding light on the environmental implications of CGBs and ASHPs, this LCA contributes valuable insights toward the transition to sustainable and energy-efficient residential heating solutions and destruction methodologies for better environmental gain.
Article in English.
Gyvenamojo pastato kondensacinio dujų katilo gyvavimo ciklo vertinimas ir palyginimas su oro šilumos siurbliu
Santrauka
Šiame tyrime pateikiamas išsamus gyvavimo ciklo vertinimas, kai lyginamas kondensacinio dujinio katilo (KDK) ir oro šilumos siurblio (OŠS) poveikis aplinkai gyvenamajame pastate. Didėjant tvarių ir efektyviai energiją vartojančių šildymo sprendimų paklausai, šių technologijų aplinkosauginio veiksmingumo vertinimas tampa labai svarbus priimant pagrįstus sprendimus. Vertinamas visas abiejų šildymo sistemų gyvavimo ciklas, įskaitant žaliavas, gamybą, transportavimą, įrengimą, eksploatavimą ir atliekų tvarkymą perdirbant, laidojant sąvartynuose ir deginant. Analizės metu nagrinėjami ekologiniai rodikliai apima šiltnamio efektą sukeliančių dujų išmetimą, energijos suvartojimą ir kitas aplinkos poveikio kategorijas. Šis tyrimas atliktas naudojant SimaPro 9.4.0 duomenų bazę taikant IMPACT 2002+ metodą, o šio tyrimo išvados skirtos padėti būsto savininkams, politikos formuotojams ir pramonės suinteresuotiesiems subjektams priimti pagrįstus sprendimus dėl šildymo technologijų diegimo gyvenamuosiuose pastatuose. Išryškindama KDK ir OŠS poveikį aplinkai, ši gyvavimo ciklo analizė (GCA) prisideda prie vertingų įžvalgų pereinant prie tvarių ir efektyviai energiją vartojančių gyvenamųjų namų šildymo sprendimų ir energijos vartojimo mažinimo metodikų, kad būtų sumažinta žala aplinkai.
Reikšminiai žodžiai: gyvavimo ciklo analizė, kondensacinis dujinis katilas, oro šilumos siurblys, gruntinis šilumos siurblys, vandens šilumos siurblys, šiltnamio efektą sukeliančios dujos, karštas vanduo
Exploring the relationship between perceived organizational support and affective commitment among Saudi employees: the mediating effect of organizational trust
No full textDespite the acknowledged importance of perceived organizational support (POS), organizational trust (OT), and affective commitment (AC) for favorable organizational outcomes, relatively little is known about the processes that underlie these various associations, especially in Islamic, Arabian Middle Eastern contexts. This study aims to address this gap by exploring the relationships between POS and AC, and testing the mediating effect of OT in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). This study conducted a survey of 347 Saudi employees from a wide range of organizations, occupations, and industries and performed a hierarchical regression analysis. The results provided evidence of the validity of the three relevant constructs (POS, OT, AC) and the generalizability these constructs have outside of North American samples. It also indicated that POS is a significant predictor of OT, and both POS and OT were significant determinants of AC. The study also revealed that OT partially mediates the relationship between POS and AC. The findings contribute to a better understanding of the POS-OT-AC link in the Islamic Arabian context of the KSA. This study is among the first to test the mediating effect of OT on the POS-AC relationship, aiding the understanding of the indirect relationship between POS and AC
Dynamic capabilities facilitate the use of technology to promote organizational ambidexterity
No full textThe organizational ambidexterity of commercial banks has been the subject of recent research. As a novelty, research has yet to be conducted on the banking sector in a dynamic environment. This study’s goal is to identify the variables that affect ambidextrous banking. The research methodology uses quantitative techniques with six constructs: organizational ambidexterity (OA), dynamic capability (D-CA), organizational culture (O-CU), human capital (H-CA), and technological capacity (T-CA) with moderator environmental dynamism (E-DY). The research questionnaire was measured using seven Likert scales, and the data was processed using structural equation modeling and Smart PLS software. The results of all hypothesis tests are as follows: First, technological capacity, organization culture, and dynamic capability have a positive effect on organizational ambidexterity. Second, technological capacity, human capital, and organizational culture have positive results for a positive effect on dynamic capability. Third, the moderating effect of E-DY on the relationship between T-CA and OA has a negative and significant impact. Fourth, the moderating effect of E-DY on the relationship between O-CU and OA is insignificant. Fifth, the moderating influence of E-DY on the link between dynamic capability and organizational ambidexterity has a positive and significant impact. This study will contribute to the theoretical aspect by enriching the theory that human resource management, technological capacity, organizational culture, and dynamic capabilities are essential in organizational ambidexterity