VGTU Journals (Vilnius Gediminas Technical University - Vilnius Tech)
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Understanding the dynamics of urban heat island as a function of development regulations
No full textThis study is the first-ever attempt to relate the tools of development control like Floor Space Index (FSI/FAR), ground area covered by building footprints (BFs), and proportions/configurations of open areas, with their impact on the surface urban heat island (SUHI) which modulates the air temperatures. In the case of the Indian megacity Mumbai, statistical analysis of the land surface temperatures (LST) and its correlation with the selected development indicators, reveals that for an FSI increase of 1.0 to 1.8 the SUHI is found to be–2.5 °C less and when BFs reduced from 90% to 42% SUHI was also reduced by –2.5 °C. Highrise development with a large plot size is desirable whereas low-rise development with FSI 1.0 on small plot sizes exhibits the highest SUHI. Open spaces without vegetation do not reduce SUHI. The correlation of development regulations with SUHI intensity will help urban planners to make more informed decisions
Effect of daytime and nighttime on helicopter pilot’s gaze behavior: a preliminary study in real flight conditions
No full textNighttime affects pilot visual scan patterns and increase the risks of helicopter operations, contributing to many helicopter accidents and incidents. Several past studies have attempted to examine the effect of nighttime on helicopter pilot gaze behavior, but researchers had limited success due to the difficulty of collecting representative data under real flight conditions. The present study attempted to address this challenge by conducting a real flight study involving daytime and nighttime traffic pattern tasks and using a Tobii Glasses 3 eye-tracking device to collect helicopter pilot eye-tracking data. This study preliminarily explored the feasibility of data collection in real flight conditions in the context of eye-tracking research on civil helicopter pilots in China. Due to safety considerations, only one pilot was recruited to collect data in multiple tasks. Differences and correlations were examined for all gaze behavior metrics. The results suggested that pilot gaze behavior metrics and their correlations differed between daytime and nighttime flights in aspects critical to aviation safety. Pilot gaze behavior also varied with the flight phase. The findings from this study serve as a reference for optimizing helicopter pilot training systems, improving pilot performance during nighttime flights, and ensuring flight safety on helicopters
The global strong solutions of the 3D incompressible Hall-MHD system with variable density
No full textIn this paper, we focus on the well-posedness problem of the three-dimensional incompressible viscous and resistive Hall-magnetohydrodynamics system (Hall-MHD) with variable density. We mainly prove the existence and uniqueness issues of the density-dependent incompressible Hall-magnetohydrodynamic system in critical spaces on
A fixed-point type result for some non-differentiable Fredholm integral equations
No full textIn this paper, we present a new fixed-point result to draw conclusions about the existence and uniqueness of the solution for a nonlinear Fredholm integral equation of the second kind with non-differentiable Nemytskii operator. To do this, we will transform the problem of locating a fixed point for an integral operator into the problem of locating a solution of an integral equation. Thus, assuming conditions on the Nemytskii operator, we will obtain a global convergence domain for the solution of the considered integral equation, taking for this a uniparametric family of derivativefree iterative processes with quadratic convergence. This result provides us a new fixed-point result for the integral operator considered
The dirichlet problem for a class of anisotropic Schrödinger-Kirchhoff-type equations with critical exponent
No full textIn this paper, our focus lies in addressing the Dirichlet problem associated with a specific class of critical anisotropic elliptic equations of Schrödinger-Kirchhoff type. These equations incorporate variable exponents and a real positive parameter. Our objective is to establish the existence of at least one solution to this problem
On the analytical study of the service quality of Indian Railways under soft-computing paradigm
No full textIndian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation (IRCTC) is among the busiest railways reservation systems since the Indian Railways (IR) is the vital and economical mode of transportation in India. Hence, rating of the trains seems to be critical aspect for selecting an appropriate train for travelling. In this study, we have considered 7 vital attributes of 500 popular trains and rate their performance based on 7 important related attributes. For this purpose, we have employed 2 different approaches to analyse of the train attributes, which eventually contribute to the overall performance of the trains. Here, we have developed a rule based rough set decision support system to analyse the criticality of the train attributes while rating the train performance. Furthermore, we have also used 3 Machine Learning (ML) model estimators: Extra Trees Classifier (ETC), Support Vector Machine Classifier (SVMC) and Multinomial Naive Bayes Classifier (MNBC) and perform their comparative analysis with respect to 7 performance metrics while predicting the overall train rating based
Railway transport system modelling approach for robustness analysis
No full textThe article presents an approach to train traffic modelling that allows for the analysis of how railway networks respond to various disturbances, including increased traffic and disturbance events. It discusses different methods of reconfiguration actions in key points of the railway network, which helps reduce delay propagation in the transport system. The 1st part covers building simulation models, which include defining infrastructure, setting train routes, configuring rolling stock, and disturbance scenarios, enabling the analysis of various disruptive events. The simulations allow for testing disturbance scenarios with minimal downtime risk without interfering with the real-world environment. The study results identified key system parameters generating the largest delays, such as platform availability, signaling, and the number of block sections. Probability density distributions for event intervals and durations were analyzed. The Kolmogorov–Smirnov test was used to confirm the fit of empirical distributions with theoretical ones, which were then implemented in the model of railway line No 271, running from Wrocław to Żmigród (Poland). As part of the reconfiguration of this railway line, new platforms were added, the time required for route setting was reduced, and the number of block sections was increased. These actions significantly reduced average delays, improved line capacity, and enhanced the robustness of the railway transport system against disturbances. The reconfiguration effectively reduced delays in areas causing significant time exceedances above 359 s, which was recognized in the Polish railway network as critical.
First published online 3 January 202
Exporting activity in rural regions: does it differ from urban regions? Evidence from Poland
No full textLimited export potential can impede growth prospects. While core regions serve as hubs of globalization, the question remains as to how rural regions can increase their exports. By identifying the factors that enhance the export competitiveness of rural regions, particularly in comparison to urban regions, we can steer them towards sustainable development and overcome constraints related to remoteness. However, there is no simple or shortcut way of increasing exports in rural regions. It still requires long-term investments, improvements in human capital, inflows of foreign-owned entities, and advantageous operations of special economic zones. Social capital has a positive impact on exports at the regional level, but its effect could not be acknowledged in the subsets of regions. What should rural regions prioritise? Investing in human capital and promoting non-agricultural economic activities that have a greater impact on rural exports than urban ones.
First published online 05 March 202
Sustainable housing development in China: does financial institutions overcome the risks and challenges to sustainable housing?
No full textHousing industry is one of the major threats to global environment and resource depletion. Particularly in China, it is regarded as a major challenge due to massive population growth. The most common barriers involve; economic barriers and environmental barriers. Therefore, to promote sustainable housing development, the management of these barriers is most crucial. This study is an attempt to overcome these barriers with the help of financial institutions in the context of China. The sample of the study are construction sector employees which are selected through simple random sampling method. Partial Least Square (PLS) is employed as statistical tool to analyze the primary data. Results revealed the positive role of financial institutions to overcome the challenges related to the economic barriers and environmental barriers. Financing from banks for the sustainable housing schemes can reduce the economic barriers and help to fulfil the sustainable housing criteria. Similarly, the environment requirements can also be achieved through environmental policy developed by the banks in China. This study recommended the Chinese government to promote sustainable hosing development through the promotion of bank financing and implementation of banks environmental policies.
Please view correction statement: Corrigendum: Sustainable housing development in China: does financial institutions overcome the risks and challenges to sustainable housing?
First published online 14 March 202
Measuring the effect of entry into the eurozone on economic growth – data storytelling using clustering and ANFIS
No full textThe aim of this paper is to examine the impact of a country’s entry into the monetary union on its economic variables growth rate of real GDP as well as on GDP per capita growth for the period from 2010 to 2020. The clustering method and the ANFIS method were used in the data analysis. A total of two cluster analyses were performed. The first cluster includes countries that joined the EU in 2004 and became EZ members by 2010. The second cluster refers to those countries that joined the EU in 2004 but are not yet members of the EZ. For the first individual cluster analysis two models were analysed and for the second individual cluster three models were analysed using the ANFIS method. As expected, the results showed that GDP growth is connected with trade, inflation and gross investments in fixed capital in the observed countries, while GDP per capita is connected with unemployment, interest rates and public debt. With regard to GDP growth, the difference between countries that are in the eurozone and those that are not is not significant, which is in line with other studies.
First published online 14 March 202