VGTU Journals (Vilnius Gediminas Technical University - Vilnius Tech)
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Digital economy’s role in shaping China’s outward investment in Belt and Road countries
No full textPrevious international investment-related literature is less likely to include host country digital economy as an influential factor in the analysis framework. Meanwhile digital economy-related literature mainly focuses on the concept and characteristics of digital economy, and few scholars explore the impact and mechanism of China’s OFDI in the context of digital economy. Based on the theory and mechanism analysis, this article first constructs a comprehensive digital economy indicator system using data from 46 B&R countries from 2004 to 2020 and then constructs extended investment gravity model, technological innovation intermediary impact and trade cost moderating effect to thoroughly investigate the effect and fundamental mechanism of digital economy on China’s OFDI. The conclusions are as follows: First, digital economy indicators’ computation reveals significant disparities among B&R countries. Second, baseline regression finds that B&R countries’ digital economy considerably boosts China’s OFDI. Third, regional heterogeneity reveals that digital economy in ASEAN countries plays a more visible role in boosting China’s OFDI. Fourth, mechanism analysis reveals that B&R countries’ digital economy can encourage China’s OFDI by improving technological innovation and reducing trade costs.
First published online 6 December 202
Tax reform, tax shifting and enterprise innovation
No full textFiscal and tax policies, as important forms of government regulation and control of the economy, have a profound impact on both macroeconomics and microeconomics and have been widely studied by scholars. To deeply explore the relationship between tax reform and enterprise innovation, based on classic financial theories such as financing constraints and tax shifting, annual data on Chinese A-share listed companies from 2009 to 2022 and the time-varying difference-in-differences method, we investigated the impact mechanism and economic effects of the “replace the business tax with a value-added tax” policy (VAT reform)on enterprise innovation and examined the moderating effect of the tax shifting ability during this process. The research results indicate the following: VAT reform can lower the tax base of enterprises, reduce cash outflows, and alleviate financing constraints, which helps enterprises stimulate innovation vitality and enhance R&D investments. The negotiation leverage that a company possesses in dealings with its providers and purchasers influences its capacity to transfer fiscal burdens. The enhancement of corporate innovation resulting from the VAT reform is notably pronounced. In contrast to state-owned enterprises, non-state-owned enterprises face fierce market competition and greater survival pressure and do not undertake policy-related activities. They are more sensitive to the tax reduction effect of the VAT reform and are more willing to carry out innovative activities when pursuing long-term development. At the same time, they are also more willing to enhance their tax shifting ability to fully obtain policy dividends for enterprise innovation. This conclusion can help the government correctly judge and comprehensively evaluate the effect of the VAT reform, providing management insights into how the government can better improve tax arrangements and promote enterprise innovation to achieve balanced development and how enterprises can better obtain policy dividends to promote technological innovation
PHASE: a Matlab-based software for the DInSAR PS processing
No full textThe availability of free Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images, like the ones delivered by the ESA Copernicus Sentinel-1 satellites, has led to the development of several processing tools, some of which are also free and open source. In this framework, when analyzing Sentinel data, the ESA SNAP software is usually required for data preprocessing, while, in the context of free and open source (FOS), Persistent Scatterer Interferometry (PSI) analysis can be performed by StaMPS (released by Stanford University). The workflow could be completed by the snap2stamps package, aiming at integrating the two main software packages. However, these tools are not designed to automate all the required steps to perform a complete PSI analysis. For this reason, the aim of this work is to develop PHASE (Persistent scatterer Highly Automated Suite for Environmental monitoring), a Matlab-based software suite that relies on already available FOS software, properly updated, enhanced and integrated, all accessible and customizable through a simple GUI. The focus is on minimizing the user interaction with the software, thus decreasing potential sources of error, while improving processing repeatability. The user will therefore primarily be responsible for configuring the processing parameters. Indeed, a streamlined procedure has been established, covering the entire process from downloading the SAR images to exporting the PS time series into a simple table format. In the paper, we present the developed software, highlighting its strengths compared to the status quo, while also providing a short example of successful application of the entire procedure
Creative communication in the socio-psychological context: driving and hindering factors of the acculturation of Ukrainian migrants
No full textThis study explores the economic acculturation of Ukrainian migrants through the lens of psychological, communicative, and contextual factors. In this study, we investigate the challenges, hindering factors and psychological drivers affecting employment and self-employment outcomes abroad. Based on 36 semi-structured interviews conducted across nine host countries. The findings reveal shared difficulties such as language barriers, bureaucratic complexity, and gender differences in adaptation experiences. While men more frequently pursued entrepreneurship, women reported greater emotional and situational barriers to employment. Successful economic integration was associated with internal factors such as motivation, perseverance, and communication skills, alongside external supports such as family and institutional assistance. Communication and creativity emerged as key resources for resilience. The study contributes by bridging the gap between economic participation and psychological adaptation in forced migration contexts and offers a foundation for future quantitative research on migrant acculturation processes
Unknown interiors of ancient Egypt: producing by artificial intelligence in the context of light-space relationship
No full textThis study presents a design method aimed at visualizing cultural heritage through the architecture of ancient Egypt using modern technologies. With the deepening of the digital age, the use of digital technology and artificial intelligence in cultural heritage research has become an important tool for renewing and disseminating period architecture. The reason for choosing the interior spaces of ancient Egypt as a sample in this study is that, in addition to leaving a rich heritage in the field of architecture, ancient Egypt offers distinct period architecture in terms of space-light relationship. As a result of literature review, keywords related to architecture and the relationship between space and light in the Ancient Period were identified, and the study was visualized using the state-of-the-art artificial intelligence technology of today, namely human-computer interaction combined with text-to-image technology. The motivation and aim of this study is to demonstrate the role of reanimating cultural heritage like ancient period architectures in the computer environment based on interpretation, contributing to architectural sustainability, and spreading to future periods
Schizophrenic urbanism: a quantitative approach for monitoring deviation in neighbourhood’s planning standards
No full textUrbanism represents a new terminology and a unique approach that describes and encounters the challenges of rapid urbanization in modern developments in contemporary cities and its effect on urban planning standards. As a metaphor, this term connects schizophrenia as a specific mental disease with precise features of urban planning, such as the loss of identity, place recognition, and community interaction with the social and environmental context. The lack of consensus adds a layer of complexity to understanding the subject matter. To add to the intricacy, schizophrenia has varied presentations with an unpredictable course and recovery. Symptoms of schizophrenia are divided into three broad categories: positive symptoms, negative symptoms, and recognition symptoms. This paper attempts to draw parallels between the recognition symptoms of schizophrenia and urban planning and gain an understanding as to whether urban planning and development are indeed schizophrenic in nature or whether the interference of local authorities, planners, and certain circumstances initiates a kind of deviations that leads to schizophrenic urban symptoms. This is done through an overview of the symptoms of schizophrenia and a comparison of specific symptoms with contemporary urban planning and development, focusing on fragmentation, disconnection from reality, identity loss, adaptability and change management, environmental interaction and conflict and tension. This will be done through critically analyzing contemporary urban planning and development in relation to disorganization and intervention. The study methodology is joined by locating turf within urban planning, sociology, and cultural assessments, and the ethnography research is used that contains interviews, surveys, and content analysis, to study the outcomes of plan requirements deviation and its impact on the local perception. The paper proposed coherent Key Performance Indicators KPIs that can estimate the consequences of applying international planning standards without acknowledging local diversity and place identity. This study encourages a culturally sensitive and locally inclusive approach to local neighborhoods’ planning principles, emphasizing the need to engage local communities in decision-making. The use of this proposed KPIs system could preserve and enhance the unique identities of neighborhoods and address their social needs amidst the challenges of rapid urbanization. The paper concludes that there is a high compatibility between the symptoms of schizophrenia and contemporary urban planning and development and that a greater understanding of schizophrenia can assist in improving the way we plan and develop cities’ neighbourhoods
The influence of internal marketing on job satisfaction in the Romanian public sector and the mediating role of empowerment
No full textThe public sector has made significant innovations in its contemporary operations. Beyond digitisation, enhancing the processes involving public servants is necessary to provide effective service to citizens. This study examines the connection between internal marketing strategies and job satisfaction among public sector employees in Romania. Through quantitative analysis and a questionnaire-based approach, the research explores various internal marketing dimensions such as communication, training, rewards, and empowerment. Using robust statistical methods, particularly partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM), the study explores the complex relationships between these dimensions and job satisfaction. Aligned with the principles of new public management (NPM), this research pioneers the investigation of internal marketing in the public sector. The findings reveal nuanced dynamics, demonstrating that while internal communication indirectly influences job satisfaction by empowering employees, training has a direct impact. Additionally, fair reward systems directly contribute to satisfaction, while empowerment emerges as a significant standalone factor. The study emphasises the importance of strategic programme design in communication, training and rewards, recognizing empowerment as a key driver of job satisfaction among public sector employees
Locus of control as critical moderator of the relationship between role stressors and intention to quit
No full textThis research examines how employees’ locus of control moderates the relationships between role conflict, role ambiguity, and intention to quit when assessing the mediation effects of counterproductive work behaviour and work engagement. A quantitative method (survey) was used for this study, with 348 questionnaires completed online. The research results reveal that, with a strong internal locus of control, work engagement mediates the relationship between role conflict and intention to quit and between role ambiguity and intention to quit. The higher the internal locus of control, the more both role conflict and role ambiguity affect work engagement, leading to intention to quit. Moreover, the manifestation of locus of control varies according to the employee’s level of education, age, field of activity, and the organisation size. The study is the first to develop an integrative framework, which depicts how team-level factors comprehensively affect interrelations between role stressors and employee intention to quit. Our research delineates, explicates, and directs crucial aspects of human resource management in organisations. It also highlights that in studying the employee behaviour, scholars should inexorably assess situations in the complex manner that research demands to delineate employee workplace behaviour stemming from a combination of personal, contextual, and circumstantial factors
The role of entrepreneurship in enhancing economic development: the mediating role of gender and motivations
No full textStarting from the significant role played by entrepreneurship in the economy and also from the pressing problem of gender inequality, in this paper we aim to analyse the link between entrepreneurship and economic development, with emphasis on the mediating role of gender and motivations of entrepreneurs. We apply panel data regression models on a sample of 53 world countries mapped by their development level. Data regarding countries’ economic development levels is obtained from the World Bank DataBank and the entrepreneurship rates from the annual reports of the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor. The level of economic development is measured by GDP per capita. Entrepreneurship rates by gender and motivations are used to test the mediating role. The results emphasise that male entrepreneurs motivated by necessity and female entrepreneurs motivated by opportunity would significantly stimulate economic development. The analysis of clusters of countries highlights that entrepreneurship enhances economic development, but the effects broken down by gender and motivations have particularities depending on the country. This study contributes to the literature in several ways, such as the comparative analysis, its large sample size and the emphasis on gender differences and entrepreneurs’ motivations
The value of creative activities in the recreational field: the grounded theory perspective
No full textThe current article employs a constructivist grounded theory approach to analyze the relationship between recreation and creativity. Researchers explore how engaging in imaginative recreational activities foster and sustain social connections, emphasizing the importance of social settings and interactions. In the context of recreation, creativity is highlighted as a crucial process enriched with educational and developmental elements, characterized by originality and usefulness. The value of creative activities is particularly stressed, noting their ability to transform emotions, replace negative feelings with positive ones, and enhance self-confidence among young people. This self-confidence serves as a medium for socialization and self-development. Additionally, the role of communication is emphasized, as creative activities provide youth with opportunities to communicate and build social ties