VGTU Journals (Vilnius Gediminas Technical University - Vilnius Tech)
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Digital economy and carbon emissions: spatial spillover effect and industrial structure mediation effect in China
No full textThe relationship between the digital economy and carbon emissions has emerged as a critical issue in the pursuit of the Sustainable Development Goals by 2030. This study examines the spatial spillover effects and the mediating role of industrial structure in this relationship using panel data from 285 prefecture-level cities in China between 2011 and 2022. Employing the Spatial Durbin Model (SDM) to capture spatial effects, stepwise regression and bootstrap tests for mediating effects, and the System Generalised Method of Moments (SYSGMM) to address endogeneity, the study reveals several key findings. First, the digital economy significantly increases carbon emissions with substantial spillover effects across regions. Second, carbon emissions exhibit both temporal and spatial dependence, influenced by time and location, with emissions in neighboring areas having a significant impact, leading to a “snowball” effect. Third, the digital economy indirectly elevates carbon emissions by optimizing industrial structures. These findings underscore the need for comprehensive strategies to manage carbon emissions effectively during economic transformation, aiming towards an environmentally sustainable economy.
First publihed online 02 April 202
Exploring the impact of digital transformation on productivity: the role of artificial intelligence technology, green technology, and energy technology
No full textThe aim of this paper is to explore the technological innovation mechanism by which digital transformation (DT) influences total factor productivity (TFP). We take the Chinese listed firms from 2007 to 2020 as research samples, and con- tribute to the above goals based on fixed-effect models, instrumental variables, mediation effect, and moderating effect models. It has been found that (1) while DT contributes positively to productivity, the enhancement of TFP in current DT is primarily attributed to artificial intelligence (AI) technology rather than other techno- logical innovation. (2) From an innovation-directed perspective, the impact of DT on TFP may be offset by other forms of technological innovation, such as green and energy technology. Specifically, the non-AI direction of technological innovation may not align with the productivity implications of DT. (3) Intellectual property protection impedes the impact of DT on productivity and constrains the deployment of AI technology. Conversely, business strategic radicalism and corporate intangible asset have yielded favorable outcomes. This study not only verifies that the technological innovation channel of DT for enhancing TFP mainly stems from AI technology, but also implies that the current DT might exert a negative effect on other technologies.
First published online 12 February 202
Foreign direct investment legislation and economic growth in Western Balkan countries: a panel analysis
No full textForeign direct investment (FDI) legislation plays a crucial role in fetching foreign investments. The objective of this study is to measure the impact of FDI on the Western Balkans countries (WBCs) and interpret the FDI law in the said countries. A panel data was obtained from the World Bank Indicators in order to conduct an empirical investigation. The sample is spread over twenty-eight years from 1995 to 2022. For econometric analysis, the study uses pooled ordinary least square (OLS), fixed effect (FE), random effect (RE), and Hausman test. The study also uses the Breuch and Pagan Lagrangian Multiplier test for Random Effect, the test for parameter constancy, the modified Wald test for groupwise heteroskedasticity, the Wooldridge test for autocorrelation, the test for serial correlation in residuals, and a test for normality. After a detailed analysis, the study concludes that FDI has a positive impact on the economic growth of WBCs. The study suggests that enforcing the rule of law on FDI will reduce the corruption index and create a favourable environment for WBCs to attract foreign investment.
First published online 17 March 202
The convergence of environmental innovation, stakeholder pressure, open innovation in logistics firms: pathway to renewable energy in the presence of managerial cognition & competitive advantage
No full textThe logistics industry has recently been pressured to adopt sustainable practices due to increasing environmental concerns and regulatory mandates. This study investigates the nexus between ecological innovation, stakeholder pressure, open innovation, and renewable energy adoption in logistics firms, emphasizing the moderating role of managers’ cognition of sustainable opportunities and competitive advantage. In this regard, stakeholder pressure compels organizations to adopt renewable solutions. On the other hand, open innovation and eco-innovation are pivotal in taming firms’ internal limitations and advancing the adoption of renewable technologies. Thereby, analyzing empirical data from China’s logistics firm, the present study demonstrates how open innovation, eco-innovation, and stakeholder pressure affect renewable energy adoption and the firm’s competitive advantage. In addition, the study explicitly outlines the critical role of managers’ cognition of sustainable opportunities and competitive advantage as a moderator. Through SEM, the study reveals a positive and significant relationship between open-innovation, eco-innovation, and stakeholders’ pressures regarding renewable energy adoption. The moderation of managers’ cognition in the case of eco-innovation and open innovation proved significant, whereas, in the case of stakeholder pressure, it is insignificant. Competitive advantage, another moderator, failed to moderate the proposed relationship. Findings explain that managers can realize strategic significance in terms of sustainability. They may shift toward green strategies aligned with market apprehensions and environmental regulations. This cognitive factor enhances the usefulness of open and eco-innovation during renewable adoption. Overall, the study’s findings underscore the significance of managerial insights in leveraging these factors to accelerate the industry toward a sustainable future
The impact of basic traffic flow characteristics on traffic accident occurrence on 2-lane rural roads in Serbia
No full textBasic traffic flow characteristics, such as volume and speed, represent the key criteria for estimating the level of service and traffic safety. Numerous studies have been conducted with the aim of determining the impact of the basic traffic flow characteristics on traffic accident occurrence. However, the mutual impact of traffic volume and speed characteristics has not been examined to a sufficient degree. Therefore, the authors of the article analysed the mutual impact of average annual daily traffic (AADT), share of heavy vehicles in the traffic flow (%HV) and speed parameters (such as speed variance , average travel speed (ATS), speed limit credibility and percentage of exceeding the speed limit (%ESL) on traffic accident occurrence on Class I 2-lane rural roads in the Serbia. The article analysed spatial distribution and traffic accidents′ severity on homogeneous segments equipped with automatic traffic counters, which provided data on speeds and other traffic flow characteristics during a 5-year period. The application of generalised linear models led to the development of 3 negative binomial models with an natural logarithm (ln) link function for the (1) total number of traffic accidents (ACT), (2) property damage only accidents (ACPDO) and (3) injury and fatality accidents (ACI&F). The obtained results show that 3 variables are statistically significant in all 3 final models: (1) AADT, (2) and (3) difference between the free-flow speed and speed limit . All variables included in the final models are positively associated with the dependent variable. In other words, the rise of the values of AADT, and variables increases the expected number of traffic accidents. The variable related to the %HV is statistically significant in the models related to the ACT and traffic accidents with injuries and fatalities, and it is positively associated with the expected traffic accident number
The perspective of the aviation organizations on the ICAO’s SMS framework: a spherical fuzzy AHP study
No full textThe International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) has developed a Safety Management System (SMS) to ensure safety in aviation organizations. SMS components are essential to overall safety performance in aviation organizations. However, the importance of these components may be perceived differently among different aviation organizations. This study aims to evaluate the perception of the importance of ICAO SMS components in aviation organizations in Turkey using the Global Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchical Process (SFAHP). The sample of the research consists of managers and employees of different aviation organizations. Data were collected using a survey questionnaire and analyzed via the SFAHP method. The results of this study indicate that all ICAO SMS components were considered important by the participants. In this context, hazard identification, training, and education and safety risk assessment and mitigation are the most important components. The study also revealed that the perception of the importance of SMS components differs between different types of aviation organizations. The SMS components with the highest deviation are listed as the appointment of key safety personnel, safety risk assessment and mitigation and management commitment. Therefore, the study provides valuable information regarding the perception of the importance of ICAO SMS components in aviation organizations
Assessment of emergency landing options: case study of Riga flight information region
No full textThe aim of this research, titled “Assessment of Emergency Landing Options: Case Study of Riga Flight Information Region” is to explore and analyze the feasibility of emergency landings within the Riga FIR and evaluate the necessity of an additional runway. The theoretical section of the study covers various types of aviation accidents and emergency landing procedures. The empirical part includes a thorough analysis of meteorological aerodrome reports (METAR) to assess whether weather conditions are conducive to safe landings at Lielvarde military airfield. Based on the findings, conclusions are drawn regarding the need for an additional runway. The study also examines other potential airfields, not listed in the Republic of Latvia’s Aeronautical Information Publications, which could serve as emergency landing sites. To enhance pilots’ situational awareness, digital maps have been developed to display these alternative airfields
Human capital and organisational outcome: mediation and moderation model
No full textPurpose – This study aims to investigate organisational values as moderators and playful work design as mediators in the relationship between human capital and organisational outcomes in service industry in Indonesia, utilizing quantitative analysis.
Research methodology – Purposive sampling was used to retrieve data from 305 respondents using a self-reported questionnaire. The data is analysed using the macro PROCESS using model 5.
Findings – The results indicate the direct influence of human capital on organisational outcomes, mediation, playful work design, and moderation of organisational values. The findings of this study reinforce that applying high organisational values and effective human capital management can optimise organisational outcomes through playful work design.
Research limitations – This research was carried out with one questionnaire distribution, future research need to conduct longitudinal studies to be known under different conditions and times in another industry.
Practical implications – Manager’s must carry out digital transformation and human capital to survive and become winners amid today’s tight service industry competition by encouraging organisational values and supporting playful work design.
Originality/Value – This study investigated six dimension of human capital which are suitable in the industrial era 4.0 for manager’s in service industry and its impact on organisational out- come with mediation and moderation analysis.
The role of networking competencies in social enterprise performance
No full textPurpose – The goal of this research was to identify the need for networking competencies in social enterprises rated by the managerial personnel of social enterprises and academic staff of universities in Latvia.
Research methodology – A survey among representatives of Latvian social enterprises and academic staff of Latvian higher education institutions (HEIs) was conducted. The data was processed by means of average ranking, Kruskal-Wallis H test, and one-way-ANOVA test.
Findings – The analysis of the results of Latvian survey revealed that: 1) social enterprise per- sonnel and university academic staff rated the role of networking competencies in social enterprise performance differently; 2) social enterprises rated cooperation with local governments higher and with industry associations as less important than the group of university academic staff.
Research limitations – The research is limited to the analysis of only networking competencies.
Practical implications – The research results contribute to the institutional framework for the social entrepreneurship ecosystem through recommendations to universities in creating training programmes of social entrepreneurship competencies.
Originality/Value – The conducted empirical study is the first study of its kind in the Latvian social enterprise ecosystem, and it offers unique data that can be used for planning the development of networking competencies
The phenomenon of creative images of Dimash Qudaibergen in the context of sustainable development of the cultural values of Kazakhstan
No full textThe relevance of the research topic is justified by its contribution to the sustainable development of cultural values, using the example of the creative artistic activities of the renowned Kazakh singer, Dimash Qudaibergen. This scientific investigation identifies the insufficient coverage of the analysis of the singer’s stage image in the context of the importance of cultural values in shaping the concept of stage costumes. The aim of the research is to study the cultural connotations of stage costumes contributing to the sustainable development of the value orientations of Kazakh culture (through conceptual approaches in shaping values, artistic principles, functions of symbolic codes, signs, ornamentation, and archetypes). This study will address the exploration of cultural phenomena of Kazakhstan through the lens of national identity, contribution to the sustainable development of contemporary art, fostering creativity in art and culture, and influencing the younger generation through educational and media initiatives to promote cultural values. The research methodology encompasses theoretical methods, overview-conceptual analysis, inductive and deductive approaches, as well as the synthesis of data from these methodological approaches. The theoretical and practical significance of this research is demonstrated through the conceptual foundation for the creation of Qudaibergen’s visual stage costume image, interpreting his work as the “ontology of the music of the Eurasian Steppe”. The results of the research are conceptual justifications of the model of the ethnic costume of Kazakhstan, forming creative images of performers, and representing a phenomenon in the perspective of ensuring the sustainable development of Kazakhstan’s cultural values